JAVA利用HttpClient进行POST和GET请求（HTTPS）

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：综合

java

目前，要为另一个项目提供接口，接口是用HTTP URL实现的，最初的想法是另一个项目用JQuery post进行请求。

但是，很可能另一个项目是部署在别的机器上，那么就存在跨域问题，而JQuery的post请求是不允许跨域的。

这时，就只能够用HttpClient包进行请求了，同时由于请求的URL是HTTPS的，为了避免需要证书，所以用一个类继承DefaultHttpClient类，忽略校验过程。

1.写一个SSLClient类，继承至HttpClient

import java.security.cert.CertificateException;  
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;  
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;  
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;  
import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager;  
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;  
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry;  
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;  
//用于进行Https请求的HttpClient  
public class SSLClient extends DefaultHttpClient{  
    public SSLClient() throws Exception{  
        super();  
        SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");  
        X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {  
                @Override  
                public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,  
                        String authType) throws CertificateException {  
                }  
                @Override  
                public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,  
                        String authType) throws CertificateException {  
                }  
                @Override  
                public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {  
                    return null;  
                }  
        };  
        ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);  
        SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx,SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);  
        ClientConnectionManager ccm = this.getConnectionManager();  
        SchemeRegistry sr = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();  
        sr.register(new Scheme("https", 443, ssf));  
    }  }

2.写一个利用HttpClient发送post请求的类

import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.Iterator;  
import java.util.List;  
import java.util.Map;  
import java.util.Map.Entry;  
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;  
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;  
/* 
 * 利用HttpClient进行post请求的工具类 
 */  
public class HttpClientUtil {  
    public String doPost(String url,Map<String,String> map,String charset){  
        HttpClient httpClient = null;  
        HttpPost httpPost = null;  
        String result = null;  
        try{  
            httpClient = new SSLClient();  
            httpPost = new HttpPost(url);  
            //设置参数  
            List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();  
            Iterator iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();  
            while(iterator.hasNext()){  
                Entry<String,String> elem = (Entry<String, String>) iterator.next();  
                list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(elem.getKey(),elem.getValue()));  
            }  
            if(list.size() > 0){  
                UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list,charset);  
                httpPost.setEntity(entity);  
            }  
            HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);  
            if(response != null){  
                HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();  
                if(resEntity != null){  
                    result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity,charset);  
                }  
            }  
        }catch(Exception ex){  
            ex.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  }

3.调用post请求的测试代码

import java.util.HashMap;  
import java.util.Map;  
//对接口进行测试  
public class TestMain {  
    private String url = "https://192.168.1.101/";  
    private String charset = "utf-8";  
    private HttpClientUtil httpClientUtil = null;  
    public TestMain(){  
        httpClientUtil = new HttpClientUtil();  
    }  
    public void test(){  
        String httpOrgCreateTest = url + "httpOrg/create";  
        Map<String,String> createMap = new HashMap<String,String>();  
        createMap.put("authuser","*****");  
        createMap.put("authpass","*****");  
        createMap.put("orgkey","****");  
        createMap.put("orgname","****");  
        String httpOrgCreateTestRtn = httpClientUtil.doPost(httpOrgCreateTest,createMap,charset);  
        System.out.println("result:"+httpOrgCreateTestRtn);  
    }  
    public static void main(String[] args){  
        TestMain main = new TestMain();  
        main.test();  
    }  }

4.GET的请求方式

/**
	 * 发送get请求
	 * @param url       链接地址
	 * @param charset   字符编码，若为null则默认utf-8
	 * @return
	 */
	public String doGet(String url,String charset){
		if(null == charset){
			charset = "utf-8";
		}
		HttpClient httpClient = null;
		HttpGet httpGet= null;
		String result = null;
		try {
			httpClient = new SSLClient();
			httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
			if(response != null){
				HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
				if(resEntity != null){
					result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity,charset);
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return result;	}