C++实现简单贪吃蛇小游戏

void fist_show()
{
 SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_GREEN);
 cout << "        贪吃蛇游戏       " << endl;
 cout << "                          " << endl;
 SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN);
 cout << "*————————————*" << endl;
 cout << "*                        *" << endl;
 cout << "*                        *" << endl;
 cout << "*       1，游戏说明      *" << endl;
 cout << "*       2，开始游戏      *" << endl;
 cout << "*       3，结束游戏      *" << endl;
 cout << "*                        *" << endl;
 cout << "*                        *" << endl;
 cout << "*————————————*" << endl;
 SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
 system("pause");
 system("cls");
}

void game_instruction()
{
 color(5);
 cout << "*********游戏说明如下：***********" << endl;
 color(3);
 cout << "*                                *" << endl;
 cout << "*  使用↑.↓.←.→控制蛇的移动   *" << endl;
 cout << "*  不能咬到自己                  *" << endl;
 cout << "*  不能撞到墙                    *" << endl;
 cout << "*  按到空格键暂停游戏            *" << endl;
 color(5);
 cout << "**********************************" << endl;
 SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
 system("pause");
 system("cls");
}

// 食物的坐标
struct food{
 int x;
 int y;
}food1;
//蛇的相关属性
struct snake {
 int speed;//蛇移动的速度
 int len;//蛇的当前长度
 int x[snake_length];//组成蛇身的每一个*中x的坐标
 int y[snake_length];//组成蛇身的每一个*中y的坐标
}snake1;

//将光标移动到控制台的(x,y)坐标点处
void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
 COORD coord;
 coord.X = x;
 coord.Y = y;
 SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);
}

void creat_map()
{
 //打印上下边框
  for (int i = 0; i <= wide; i += 1)
  {
   //将光标移动依次到(i,0)处打印上边框
   gotoxy(i, 0);
   cout<<"*";
   gotoxy(i, hight);
   cout << "*";
  }
  //打印左右边框
  for (int i = 1; i < hight; i++)
  {
   //将光标移动依次到(0,i)处打印左边框
   gotoxy(0, i);
   cout << "*";
   gotoxy(wide, i);
   cout << "*";
  }
}

void init()
{
//随机生成初始食物
  food1.x = rand() % (wide - 2) + 2;
  food1.y = rand() % (hight - 2) + 1;
  gotoxy(food1.x, food1.y);
  cout<<"★";
  //初始化蛇的属性
  snake1.len = 4;
  snake1.speed = 200;
  //在屏幕中间生成蛇头
  snake1.x[0] = wide / 2 + 2;//x坐标为偶数
  snake1.y[0] = hight / 2;
  //打印蛇头
  gotoxy(snake1.x[0], snake1.y[0]);
  cout<<"■";
  //生成初试的蛇身
  for (int i = 1; i < snake1.len; i++)
  {
   //蛇身的打印，纵坐标不变，横坐标为上一节蛇身的坐标值+2
   snake1.x[i] = snake1.x[i - 1] + 2;
   snake1.y[i] = snake1.y[i - 1];
   gotoxy(snake1.x[i], snake1.y[i]);
   printf("■");
  }
}

void snake_move() 
{
 int pre_key = key;
 key = _getch();
 *changeFlag为0表明此时没有吃到食物，因此每走一步就要擦除掉蛇尾，以此营造一个移动的效果
 *为1表明吃到了食物，就不需要擦除蛇尾，以此营造一个蛇身增长的效果
 */
 if (changeFlag == 0)
 {
  gotoxy(snake1.x[snake1.len - 1], snake1.y[snake1.len - 1]);
  cout<<"  ";//在蛇尾处输出空格即擦去蛇尾
 }
 //将蛇的每一节依次向前移动一节（蛇头除外）
 for (int i = snake1.len - 1; i > 0; i--)
 {
  snake1.x[i] = snake1.x[i - 1];
  snake1.y[i] = snake1.y[i - 1];
 }
 //蛇当前移动的方向不能和前一次的方向相反，比如蛇往左走的时候不能直接按右键往右走
 //如果当前移动方向和前一次方向相反的话，把当前移动的方向改为前一次的方向
 if (pre_key == 4 && key == 5)
 {
  key = 4;
 }
 if (pre_key == 5 && key == 4)
 {
  key = 5;
 }
 if (pre_key == 6 && key == 7)
 {
  key = 6;
 }
 if (pre_key == 7 && key == 6)
 {
  key = 7;
 }
 //判断蛇头应该往哪个方向移动
 switch (key)
 {
 case 4:
  snake1.x[0] -= 2;//往左
  break;
 case 5:
  snake1.x[0] += 2;//往右
  break;
 case 6:
  snake1.y[0]--;//往上
  break;
 case 7:
  snake1.y[0]++;//往下
  break;
 }
 //打印出蛇头
 gotoxy(snake1.x[0], snake1.y[0]);
 printf("■");
 gotoxy(wide - 2, 0);
 //由于目前没有吃到食物，changFlag值为0
 changeFlag = 0;
 return;
}

void createFood()
{
 if (snake1.x[0] == food1.x && snake1.y[0] == food1.y)//蛇头碰到食物
 {
  //蛇头碰到食物即为要吃掉这个食物了，因此需要再次生成一个食物
  while (1)
  {
   int flag = 1;
   food1.x = rand() % (wide - 4) + 2;
   food1.y = rand() % (hight - 2) + 1;
   //随机生成的食物不能在蛇的身体上
   for (int i = 0; i < snake1.len; i++)
   {
    if (snake1.x[i] == food1.x && snake1.y[i] == food1.y)
    {
     flag = 0;
     break;
    }
   }
  }
  //绘制食物
  gotoxy(food1.x, food1.y);
  printf("★");
  snake1.len++;//吃到食物，蛇身长度加1
  sorce += 10;//每个食物得10分
  snake1.speed -= 5;//随着吃的食物越来越多，速度会越来越快
  changeFlag = 1;//很重要，因为吃到了食物，就不用再擦除蛇尾的那一节，以此来造成蛇身体增长的效果
 }
 return;
}

//判断蛇运动是否符合规则
bool snakeStatus()
{
 //蛇头碰到上下边界，游戏结束
 if (snake1.y[0] == 0 || snake1.y[0] == hight)
  return false;
 //蛇头碰到左右边界，游戏结束
 if (snake1.x[0] == 0 || snake1.x[0] == wide)
  return false;
 //蛇头碰到蛇身，游戏结束
 for (int i = 1; i < snake1.len; i++)
 {
  if (snake1.x[i] == snake1.x[0] && snake1.y[i] == snake1.y[0])
   return false;
 }
 return true;
}