Android开发之自定义CheckBox
要实现的效果如下
考虑到关键是动画效果，所以直接继承View。不过CheckBox的超类CompoundButton实现了Checkable接口，这一点值得借鉴。
下面记录一下遇到的问题，并从源码的角度解决。
问题一: 支持 wrap_content
由于是直接继承自View，wrap_content需要进行特殊处理。
View measure流程的MeasureSpec：
/**
* A MeasureSpec encapsulates the layout requirements passed from parent to child.
* Each MeasureSpec represents a requirement for either the width or the height.
* A MeasureSpec is comprised of a size and a mode.
* MeasureSpecs are implemented as ints to reduce object allocation. This class
* is provided to pack and unpack the <size, mode> tuple into the int.
*/
public static class MeasureSpec {
private static final int MODE_SHIFT = 30;
private static final int MODE_MASK = 0x3 << MODE_SHIFT;
/**
* Measure specification mode: The parent has not imposed any constraint
* on the child. It can be whatever size it wants.
*/
public static final int UNSPECIFIED = 0 << MODE_SHIFT;
/**
* Measure specification mode: The parent has determined an exact size
* for the child. The child is going to be given those bounds regardless
* of how big it wants to be.
*/
public static final int EXACTLY = 1 << MODE_SHIFT;
/**
* Measure specification mode: The child can be as large as it wants up
* to the specified size.
*/
public static final int AT_MOST = 2 << MODE_SHIFT;
/**
* Extracts the mode from the supplied measure specification.
*
* @param measureSpec the measure specification to extract the mode from
* @return {@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#UNSPECIFIED},
* {@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#AT_MOST} or
* {@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#EXACTLY}
*/
public static int getMode(int measureSpec) {
return (measureSpec & MODE_MASK);
}
/**
* Extracts the size from the supplied measure specification.
*
* @param measureSpec the measure specification to extract the size from
* @return the size in pixels defined in the supplied measure specification
*/
public static int getSize(int measureSpec) {
return (measureSpec & ~MODE_MASK);
}
}
从文档说明知道android为了节约内存，设计了MeasureSpec，它由mode和size两部分构成，做这么多终究是为了从父容器向子view传达长宽的要求。
mode有三种模式：
1、UNSPECIFIED:父容器不对子view的宽高有任何限制
2、EXACTLY：父容器已经为子view指定了确切的宽高
3、AT_MOST：父容器指定最大的宽高，子view不能超过
wrap_content属于AT_MOST模式。
来看一下大致的measure过程：
在View中首先调用measure(),最终调用onMeasure()
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
setMeasuredDimension(getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumWidth(), widthMeasureSpec),
getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumHeight(), heightMeasureSpec));
}
setMeasuredDimension设置view的宽高。再来看看getDefaultSize()
public static int getDefaultSize(int size, int measureSpec) {
int result = size;
int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);
switch (specMode) {
case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
result = size;
break;
case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:
case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:
result = specSize;
break;
}
return result;
}
由于wrap_content属于模式AT_MOST，所以宽高为specSize，也就是父容器的size，这就和match_parent一样了。支持wrap_content总的思路是重写onMeasure()具体点来说，模仿getDefaultSize()重新获取宽高。
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
int widthSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
int heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
int width = widthSize, height = heightSize;
if (widthMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
width = dp2px(DEFAULT_SIZE);
}
if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
height = dp2px(DEFAULT_SIZE);
}
setMeasuredDimension(width, height);
}
问题二：Path.addPath()和PathMeasure结合使用
举例子说明问题：
mTickPath.addPath(entryPath);
mTickPath.addPath(leftPath);
mTickPath.addPath(rightPath);
mTickMeasure = new PathMeasure(mTickPath, false);
// mTickMeasure is a PathMeasure
尽管mTickPath现在是由三个path构成，但是mTickMeasure此时的length和entryPath长度是一样的，到这里我就很奇怪了。看一下getLength()的源码：
/**
* Return the total length of the current contour, or 0 if no path is
* associated with this measure object.
*/
public float getLength() {
return native_getLength(native_instance);
}
从注释来看，获取的是当前contour的总长。
getLength调用了native层的方法，到这里不得不看底层的实现了。
通过阅读源代码发现，Path和PathMeasure实际分别对应底层的SKPath和SKPathMeasure。
查看native层的getLength()源码：
SkScalar SkPathMeasure::getLength() {
if (fPath == NULL) {
return 0;
}
if (fLength < 0) {
this->buildSegments();
}
SkASSERT(fLength >= 0);
return fLength;
}
实际上调用的buildSegments()来对fLength赋值，这里底层的设计有一个很聪明的地方——在初始化SKPathMeasure时对fLength做了特殊处理：
SkPathMeasure::SkPathMeasure(const SkPath& path, bool forceClosed) {
fPath = &path;
fLength = -1; // signal we need to compute it
fForceClosed = forceClosed;
fFirstPtIndex = -1;
fIter.setPath(path, forceClosed);
}
当fLength=-1时我们需要计算，也就是说当还没有执行过getLength()方法时，fLength一直是-1，一旦执行则fLength>=0，则下一次就不会执行buildSegments(),这样避免了重复计算.
截取buildSegments()部分代码：
void SkPathMeasure::buildSegments() {
SkPoint pts[4];
int ptIndex = fFirstPtIndex;
SkScalar distance = 0;
bool isClosed = fForceClosed;
bool firstMoveTo = ptIndex < 0;
Segment* seg;
/* Note:
* as we accumulate distance, we have to check that the result of +=
* actually made it larger, since a very small delta might be > 0, but
* still have no effect on distance (if distance >>> delta).
*
* We do this check below, and in compute_quad_segs and compute_cubic_segs
*/
fSegments.reset();
bool done = false;
do {
switch (fIter.next(pts)) {
case SkPath::kMove_Verb:
ptIndex += 1;
fPts.append(1, pts);
if (!firstMoveTo) {
done = true;
break;
}
firstMoveTo = false;
break;
case SkPath::kLine_Verb: {
SkScalar d = SkPoint::Distance(pts[0], pts[1]);
SkASSERT(d >= 0);
SkScalar prevD = distance;
distance += d;
if (distance > prevD) {
seg = fSegments.append();
seg->fDistance = distance;
seg->fPtIndex = ptIndex;
seg->fType = kLine_SegType;
seg->fTValue = kMaxTValue;
fPts.append(1, pts + 1);
ptIndex++;
}
} break;
case SkPath::kQuad_Verb: {
SkScalar prevD = distance;
distance = this->compute_quad_segs(pts, distance, 0, kMaxTValue, ptIndex);
if (distance > prevD) {
fPts.append(2, pts + 1);
ptIndex += 2;
}
} break;
case SkPath::kConic_Verb: {
const SkConic conic(pts, fIter.conicWeight());
SkScalar prevD = distance;
distance = this->compute_conic_segs(conic, distance, 0, kMaxTValue, ptIndex);
if (distance > prevD) {
// we store the conic weight in our next point, followed by the last 2 pts
// thus to reconstitue a conic, you'd need to say
// SkConic(pts[0], pts[2], pts[3], weight = pts[1].fX)
fPts.append()->set(conic.fW, 0);
fPts.append(2, pts + 1);
ptIndex += 3;
}
} break;
case SkPath::kCubic_Verb: {
SkScalar prevD = distance;
distance = this->compute_cubic_segs(pts, distance, 0, kMaxTValue, ptIndex);
if (distance > prevD) {
fPts.append(3, pts + 1);
ptIndex += 3;
}
} break;
case SkPath::kClose_Verb:
isClosed = true;
break;
case SkPath::kDone_Verb:
done = true;
break;
}
} while (!done);
fLength = distance;
fIsClosed = isClosed;
fFirstPtIndex = ptIndex;
代码较长需要慢慢思考。fIter是一个Iter类型，在SKPath.h中的声明：
/* Iterate through all of the segments (lines, quadratics, cubics) of
each contours in a path.
The iterator cleans up the segments along the way, removing degenerate
segments and adding close verbs where necessary. When the forceClose
argument is provided, each contour (as defined by a new starting
move command) will be completed with a close verb regardless of the
contour's contents. /
从这个声明中可以明白Iter的作用是遍历在path中的每一个contour。看一下Iter.next()方法：
Verb next(SkPoint pts[4], bool doConsumeDegerates = true) {
if (doConsumeDegerates) {
this->consumeDegenerateSegments();
}
return this->doNext(pts);
}
返回值是一个Verb类型:
enum Verb {
kMove_Verb, //!< iter.next returns 1 point
kLine_Verb, //!< iter.next returns 2 points
kQuad_Verb, //!< iter.next returns 3 points
kConic_Verb, //!< iter.next returns 3 points + iter.conicWeight()
kCubic_Verb, //!< iter.next returns 4 points
kClose_Verb, //!< iter.next returns 1 point (contour's moveTo pt)
kDone_Verb, //!< iter.next returns 0 points
}
不管是什么类型的Path,它一定是由点组成，如果是直线，则两个点，贝塞尔曲线则三个点，依次类推。
doNext()方法的代码就不贴出来了，作用就是判断contour的类型并把相应的点的坐标取出传给pts[4]
当fIter.next()返回kDone_Verb时，一次遍历结束。
buildSegments中的循环正是在做此事，而且从case kLine_Verb模式的distance += d;不难发现这个length是累加起来的。在举的例子当中，mTickPath有三个contour（mEntryPath,mLeftPath,mRightPath），我们调用mTickMeasure.getLength()时，首先会累计获取mEntryPath这个contour的长度。
这就不难解释为什么mTickMeasure获取的长度和mEntryPath的一样了。那么想一想，怎么让buildSegments()对下一个contour进行操作呢？关键是把fLength置为-1
/** Move to the next contour in the path. Return true if one exists, or false if
we're done with the path.
*/
bool SkPathMeasure::nextContour() {
fLength = -1;
return this->getLength() > 0;
}
与native层对应的API是PathMeasure.nextContour()
总结
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