android解析JSON数据

JSONObject的使用

 一、 JSON对象的使用:

String content = "{'username': 'linux', 'password': '123456'}";

JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(content);

String username = jsonObject.getString("username");

String password = jsonObject.getString("password");

二、 JSON数组的使用:

String jsonContent = "[{'user': '刘力', 'age': 21, 'femal': true}, "

+ "{'user': 'chen', 'age': 20, 'femal': false}]";

JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(jsonContent);

for (int i = 0; i < jsonArray.length(); i++) {

JSONObject object = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);

System.out.print(object.getString("user") + " ");

System.out.print(object.getInt("age") + " ");

System.out.print(object.getBoolean("femal") + " ");

System.out.println();

}

三、 JSON数组与JSON对象混合使用

String jsonString = "[{'user': 'tomhu', 'age': 21, " + "'info': {'adress': 'hubai', 'sex': 'femal'}}, "

+ "{'user': 'chen', 'age': 20, " + "'info': {'adress': 'hunan', 'sex': 'male'}}]";

JSONArray jsonArrays = new JSONArray(jsonString);

for (int i = 0; i < jsonArrays.length(); i++) {

JSONObject objects = jsonArrays.getJSONObject(i);

System.out.print(objects.getString("user") + " ");

System.out.print(objects.getInt("age") + " ");

System.out.print(objects.getJSONObject("info").getString("adress") + " ");

System.out.print(objects.getJSONObject("info").getString("sex") + " ");

System.out.println();

}

四、 JSON数组中存储对象

Person person = new Person();

person.setUsername("linux" );

person.setPassword("123456" );

JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray();

jsonArray.put(0, person );

jsonArray.put(1, "I love you" );

// String username = jsonArray.getJSONObject(0).getString("username"); 错误的写法

Person user = (Person) jsonArray.get(0);

System.out.println("username: " + user.getUsername());

JSONObject的原理

JsonObject的存储与取出

一、 JSONObject里面维护了一个LinkedHashMap,当生成一个无参数的JSONObject,实质是初始化了一个Map:

private final LinkedHashMap<String, Object> nameValuePairs;

public JSONObject() {

nameValuePairs = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>();

}

 二、 当JSONObject增加数据,实质上把数据的键值对方法存放在上述的Map中:

public JSONObject put(String name, boolean value) throws JSONException {

nameValuePairs.put(checkName(name), value);

return this;

}

三、 从JSONObject中取出数据,很容易想到的就是从Map取出了:

public String getString(String name) throws JSONException {

Object object = get(name); // get()方法就是执行Object result = nameValuePairs.get(name);

String result = JSON.toString(object);

if (result == null) {

throw JSON.typeMismatch(name, object, "String");

}

return result;

}

JsonObject的解析过程

一、 JsonObject还有一个带参数的构造函数:常用的是传递一个String类型的参数

public JSONObject(String json) throws JSONException {

this(new JSONTokener(json));

}

二、 跟进去,发现主要执行的是JSONTokener的nextValue()方法,在这个方法中主要是对数据进行解析;

public Object nextValue() throws JSONException {

int c = nextCleanInternal();

switch (c) {

case -1:

throw syntaxError("End of input");

case '{':

return readObject();

case '[':

return readArray();

case '\'':

case '"':

return nextString((char) c);

default:

pos--;

return readLiteral();

}

}

在nextCleanInternal方法中,它会从头到尾的逐个字符的解析,对于一些字符做一些处理。例如空格,换行,转义符等!

当解析到[表示开始一个对象的读取,当解析到{表示一个数组的读取

三、 在readObject方法中,仍然是调用nextCleanInternal()方法,逐个得到解析的字符,下到解析到}.下面贴出重要代码

int first = nextCleanInternal(); // 得到解析的字符

if (first == '}') {

return result;

} else if (first != -1) {

pos--;

}

.......

while (true) {

Object name = nextValue(); // 解析得到键

int separator = nextCleanInternal();

if (separator != ':' && separator != '=') {

throw syntaxError("Expected ':' after " + name);

}

if (pos < in.length() && in.charAt(pos) == '>') {

pos++;

}

result.put((String) name, nextValue()); // 将解析得到的键值对,存放在map当中

switch (nextCleanInternal()) {

case '}':

return result;

case ';':

case ',':

continue;

default:

throw syntaxError("Unterminated object");

}

}

四、 nextValue方法比较关键,它流转解析的大部分工作!在nextValue中有一个readLiteral方法,针对一些类型做处理,得到解析之后的结果:

private Object readLiteral() throws JSONException {

String literal = nextToInternal("{}[]/\\:,=;# \t\f");

if (literal.length() == 0) {

throw syntaxError("Expected literal value");

} else if ("null".equalsIgnoreCase(literal)) {

return JSONObject.NULL;

} else if ("true".equalsIgnoreCase(literal)) {

return Boolean.TRUE;

} else if ("false".equalsIgnoreCase(literal)) {

return Boolean.FALSE;

}

/* try to parse as an integral type... */

if (literal.indexOf('.') == -1) {

int base = 10;

String number = literal;

if (number.startsWith("0x") || number.startsWith("0X")) {

number = number.substring(2);

base = 16;

} else if (number.startsWith("0") && number.length() > 1) {

number = number.substring(1);

base = 8;

}

try {

long longValue = Long.parseLong(number, base);

if (longValue <= Integer.MAX_VALUE && longValue >= Integer.MIN_VALUE) {

return (int) longValue;

} else {

return longValue;

}

} catch (NumberFormatException e) {

/*

* This only happens for integral numbers greater than

* Long.MAX_VALUE, numbers in exponential form (5e-10) and

* unquoted strings. Fall through to try floating point.

*/

}

}

/* ...next try to parse as a floating point... */

try {

return Double.valueOf(literal);

} catch (NumberFormatException ignored) {

}

/* ... finally give up. We have an unquoted string */

return new String(literal); // a new string avoids leaking memory

}

五、至于JSONArray的解析与JsonObject的解析过程是一样的,它里面维护的是一个List:

private final List<Object> values;

public JSONArray(JSONTokener readFrom) throws JSONException {

Object object = readFrom.nextValue();

if (object instanceof JSONArray) {

values = ((JSONArray) object).values;

} else {

throw JSON.typeMismatch(object, "JSONArray");

}

}

Gson的使用

一、我们在测试当中先加入一个Person类,方便测试:

package com.tomhu.test;

public class Person {

private String name;

private int age;

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

}

}

二、 gson把对象转换成JSON格式

Gson gson = new Gson();

Person person = new Person();

person.setName("linux");

person.setAge(23);

String str = gson.toJson(person);

System.out.println(str);

打印结果:  {"name":"linux","age":23}

三、 gson把json格式解析成对象

String jsonData = "{'name':'刘力','age':19}";

Person person = gson.fromJson(jsonData, Person.class);

System.out.println(person.getName() + ", " + person.getAge());

打印结果: 刘力, 19

四、 gson把List对象解析成Json格式:

Gson gson = new Gson();

List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<Person>();

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

Person p = new Person();

p.setName("name" + i);

p.setAge(i * 5);

persons.add(p);

}

String str = gson.toJson(persons);

System.out.println(str);

打印结果: [{"name":"name0","age":0},{"name":"name1","age":5}]

五、 gson把Json格式解析成List对象:

Gson gson = new Gson();

String str = "[{'name':'linux','age':10},{'name':'huhx','age':22}]";

List<Person> ps = gson.fromJson(str, new TypeToken<List<Person>>(){}.getType());

for (int i = 0; i < ps.size(); i++) {

Person person = ps.get(i);

System.out.print("name: " + person.getName() + " age: " + person.getAge());

}

打印结果:name: linux age: 10 name: huhx age: 22

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