java实现2048小游戏
本文实例为大家分享了java实现2048小游戏的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下
一、实现效果
二、实现代码
Check表示格子，GameView实现游戏视图界面及功能，是核心。
Check.java
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
// 方格类
public class Check {
public int value;
Font font1 = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 46);
Font font2 = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 40);
Font font3 = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 34);
Font font4 = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 28);
Font font5 = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 22);
public Check() {
value = 0; //value为方格中数字
}
//字体颜色
public Color getForeground() {
switch (value) {
case 0:
return new Color(0xcdc1b4);//0的颜色与背景色一致，相当于没有数字
case 2:
case 4:
return Color.BLACK;
default:
return Color.WHITE;
}
}
//字体背景颜色，即方格颜色
public Color getBackground() {
switch (value) {
case 0:
return new Color(0xcdc1b4);
case 2:
return new Color(0xeee4da);
case 4:
return new Color(0xede0c8);
case 8:
return new Color(0xf2b179);
case 16:
return new Color(0xf59563);
case 32:
return new Color(0xf67c5f);
case 64:
return new Color(0xf65e3b);
case 128:
return new Color(0xedcf72);
case 256:
return new Color(0xedcc61);
case 512:
return new Color(0xedc850);
case 1024:
return new Color(0xedc53f);
case 2048:
return new Color(0xedc22e);
case 4096:
return new Color(0x65da92);
case 8192:
return new Color(0x5abc65);
case 16384:
return new Color(0x248c51);
default:
return new Color(0x248c51);
}
}
public Font getCheckFont() {
if (value < 10) {
return font1;
}
if (value < 100) {
return font2;
}
if (value < 1000) {
return font3;
}
if (value < 10000) {
return font4;
}
return font5;
}
}
GameView.java
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class GameView{
private static final int jframeWidth = 405;//窗口宽高
private static final int jframeHeight = 530;
private static int score = 0;
Font topicFont = new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 50);//主题字体
Font scoreFont = new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 28);//得分字体
Font explainFont = new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN,20);//提示字体
private JFrame jframeMain;
private JLabel jlblTitle;
private JLabel jlblScoreName;
private JLabel jlblScore;
private JLabel jlblTip;
private GameBoard gameBoard;
public GameView() {
init();
}
public void init() {
//1、创建窗口
jframeMain = new JFrame("2048小游戏");
jframeMain.setSize(jframeWidth, jframeHeight);
jframeMain.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
jframeMain.setLocationRelativeTo(null);//窗口显示位置居中
jframeMain.setResizable(false);
jframeMain.setLayout(null);//设置绝对布局，以便后面可以用setBounds设置位置
jlblTitle = new JLabel("2048", JLabel.CENTER);
jlblTitle.setFont(topicFont);
jlblTitle.setForeground(Color.BLACK);
jlblTitle.setBounds(50, 0, 150, 60);
jframeMain.add(jlblTitle);
//2、框架窗口搭建好，则需向里面开始添加内容
//设置字体及其颜色、位置
jlblScoreName = new JLabel("得 分", JLabel.CENTER);
jlblScoreName.setFont(scoreFont);
jlblScoreName.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
jlblScoreName.setOpaque(true);
jlblScoreName.setBackground(Color.GRAY);
jlblScoreName.setBounds(250, 0, 120, 30);
jframeMain.add(jlblScoreName);
//3、得分区(得分名+分数)
jlblScore = new JLabel("0", JLabel.CENTER);
jlblScore.setFont(scoreFont);
jlblScore.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
jlblScore.setOpaque(true);
jlblScore.setBackground(Color.GRAY);
jlblScore.setBounds(250, 30, 120, 30);
jframeMain.add(jlblScore);
//4、提示说明区
jlblTip = new JLabel("操作: ↑ ↓ ← →, 按esc键重新开始 ",
JLabel.CENTER);
jlblTip.setFont(explainFont);
jlblTip.setForeground(Color.DARK_GRAY);
jlblTip.setBounds(0, 60, 400, 40);
jframeMain.add(jlblTip);
//5、主游戏面板区
gameBoard = new GameBoard();
gameBoard.setBounds(0, 100, 400, 400);
gameBoard.setBackground(Color.GRAY);
gameBoard.setFocusable(true);//焦点即当前正在操作的组件，也就是移动的数字
gameBoard.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
jframeMain.add(gameBoard);
}
// 游戏面板
class GameBoard extends JPanel implements KeyListener {
private static final int CHECK_GAP = 10;//方格之间的间隙
private static final int CHECK_SIZE = 85;//方格大小
private static final int CHECK_ARC = 20;//方格弧度
private Check[][] checks = new Check[4][4];
private boolean isadd = true;
public GameBoard() {
initGame();
addKeyListener(this);
}
private void initGame() {
score = 0;
for (int indexRow = 0; indexRow < 4; indexRow++) {
for (int indexCol = 0; indexCol < 4; indexCol++) {
checks[indexRow][indexCol] = new Check();
}
}
// 最开始时生成两个数
isadd = true;
createCheck();
isadd = true;
createCheck();
}
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
switch (e.getKeyCode()) {
case KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE:
initGame();//重新开始游戏（初始化游戏）
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:
moveLeft();
createCheck();//调用一次方法创建一个方格数字
judgeGameOver();//创建后判断是否GameOver，若所有格子均满即跳出GameOver
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:
moveRight();
createCheck();
judgeGameOver();
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_UP:
moveUp();
createCheck();
judgeGameOver();
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN:
moveDown();
createCheck();
judgeGameOver();
break;
default:
break;//按其他键没有反应
}
repaint();//刷新，会自动调用paint()方法，重新绘制移动后的图
}
private void createCheck() {
List<Check> list = getEmptyChecks();
if (!list.isEmpty() && isadd) {
Random random = new Random();
int index = random.nextInt(list.size());
Check check = list.get(index);
// 2, 4出现概率3:1
int randomValue = random.nextInt(4);
check.value = ( randomValue % 3 == 0 || randomValue % 3 == 1) ? 2 : 4;//只有[0,4)中的2才能生成4
isadd = false;
}
}
// 获取空白方格
private List<Check> getEmptyChecks() {
List<Check> checkList = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
if (checks[i][j].value == 0) {
checkList.add(checks[i][j]);
}
}
}
return checkList;
}
//是否全部格子占满，全部占满则GameOver
private boolean judgeGameOver() {
jlblScore.setText(score + "");
if (!getEmptyChecks().isEmpty()) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
//判断是否存在可合并的方格
if (checks[i][j].value == checks[i][j + 1].value
|| checks[i][j].value == checks[i + 1][j].value) {
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
private void moveLeft() {
//找到一个非空格子后checks[i][j].value > 0，可分为三种情况处理
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
for (int j = 1, index = 0; j < 4; j++) {
if (checks[i][j].value > 0) {
//第一种情况：checks[i][j]（非第1列）与checks[i][index]的数相等，则合并乘以2，且得分增加
if (checks[i][j].value == checks[i][index].value) {
score += checks[i][index].value *= 2;
checks[i][j].value = 0;
isadd = true;
} else if (checks[i][index].value == 0) {
//第二种：若checks[i][index]为空格子，checks[i][j]就直接移到最左边checks[i][index]
checks[i][index].value = checks[i][j].value;
checks[i][j].value = 0;
isadd = true;
} else if (checks[i][++index].value == 0) {
//第三种：若checks[i][index]不为空格子，并且数字也不相等，若其旁边为空格子，则移到其旁边
checks[i][index].value = checks[i][j].value;
checks[i][j].value = 0;
isadd = true;
}
}
}
}
}
private void moveRight() {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
for (int j = 2, index = 3; j >= 0; j--) {
if (checks[i][j].value > 0) {
if (checks[i][j].value == checks[i][index].value) {
score += checks[i][index].value *= 2;
checks[i][j].value = 0;
isadd = true;
} else if (checks[i][index].value == 0) {
checks[i][index].value = checks[i][j].value;
checks[i][j].value = 0;
isadd = true;
} else if (checks[i][--index].value == 0) {
checks[i][index].value = checks[i][j].value;
checks[i][j].value = 0;
isadd = true;
}
}
}
}
}
private void moveUp() {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
for (int j = 1, index = 0; j < 4; j++) {
if (checks[j][i].value > 0) {
if (checks[j][i].value == checks[index][i].value) {
score += checks[index][i].value *= 2;
checks[j][i].value = 0;
isadd = true;
} else if (checks[index][i].value == 0) {
checks[index][i].value = checks[j][i].value;
checks[j][i].value = 0;
isadd = true;
} else if (checks[++index][i].value == 0){
checks[index][i].value = checks[j][i].value;
checks[j][i].value = 0;
isadd = true;
}
}
}
}
}
private void moveDown() {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
for (int j = 2, index = 3; j >= 0; j--) {
if (checks[j][i].value > 0) {
if (checks[j][i].value == checks[index][i].value) {
score += checks[index][i].value *= 2;
checks[j][i].value = 0;
isadd = true;
} else if (checks[index][i].value == 0) {
checks[index][i].value = checks[j][i].value;
checks[j][i].value = 0;
isadd = true;
} else if (checks[--index][i].value == 0) {
checks[index][i].value = checks[j][i].value;
checks[j][i].value = 0;
isadd = true;
}
}
}
}
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
super.paint(g);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
drawCheck(g, i, j);
}
}
// GameOver
if (judgeGameOver()) {
g.setColor(new Color(64, 64, 64, 100));//RGBA最后一个A可以视为透明度
g.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());//填充矩形（游戏面板），将暗黑色填充上去
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.setFont(topicFont);
FontMetrics fms = getFontMetrics(topicFont);//FontMetrics字体测量，该类是Paint的内部类，通过getFontMetrics()方法可获取字体相关属性
String value = "Game Over!";
g.drawString(value, (getWidth()-fms.stringWidth(value)) / 2, getHeight() / 2);//字体居中显示
}
}
// 绘制方格
// Graphics2D 类是Graphics 子类，拥有强大的二维图形处理能力
private void drawCheck(Graphics g, int i, int j) {
Graphics2D gg = (Graphics2D) g;
//下面两句是抗锯齿模式，计算和优化消除文字锯齿，字体更清晰顺滑
gg.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
gg.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL, RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_NORMALIZE);
//获取方格
Check check = checks[i][j];
//不同数字设置背景色
gg.setColor(check.getBackground());
// 绘制圆角
gg.fillRoundRect(CHECK_GAP + (CHECK_GAP + CHECK_SIZE) * j,
CHECK_GAP + (CHECK_GAP + CHECK_SIZE) * i,
CHECK_SIZE, CHECK_SIZE, CHECK_ARC, CHECK_ARC);
//绘制字体及其颜色
gg.setColor(check.getForeground());
gg.setFont(check.getCheckFont());
// 文字测量，并对文字进行绘制
FontMetrics fms = getFontMetrics(check.getCheckFont());
String value = String.valueOf(check.value);
//使用此图形上下文的当前颜色绘制由指定迭代器给定的文本。
//getAscent()是FontMetrics中的一个方法，
//getDescent() 为降部
gg.drawString(value,
CHECK_GAP + (CHECK_GAP + CHECK_SIZE) * j +
(CHECK_SIZE - fms.stringWidth(value)) / 2,
CHECK_GAP + (CHECK_GAP + CHECK_SIZE) * i +
(CHECK_SIZE - fms.getAscent() - fms.getDescent()) / 2
+ fms.getAscent());//让数字居中显示
}
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
}
}
public void showView() {
jframeMain.setVisible(true);
}
}
Main.java
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new GameView().showView();
}
}
三、重难点讲解
3.1 数字移动问题
数字移动是一难点，分三种情况，以moveLeft()为例
（1）按左键，若最左边是相同的，则合并
（2）若左边是空格，则直接移动到最左即可
（3）若最左边不为空格，且不相等，则看它右边是否是空格，是则移动到其旁边
3.2 绘图问题—抗锯齿
java提供的Graphics 2D，它是Graphics 子类
Graphics2D gg = (Graphics2D) g;
gg.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
gg.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL,RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_NORMALIZE);
上面这两个语句实现的功能是消除文字锯齿，字体更清晰顺滑，可以看下图没有setRenderingHint和有setRenderingHint的区别
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