SpringBoot+Vue+JWT的前后端分离登录认证详细步骤

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：IT

前后端分离的概念在现在很火，最近也学习了一下前后端分离的登录认证。

创建后端springboot工程

这个很简单了，按照idea的一步一步创建就行

文件目录结构：

请添加图片描述

pom文件依赖导入。


 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.16.16</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
            <artifactId>activation</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

创建实体类：User

//username,password,token三个字段


 private String username;
    private String password;
    private String token;
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public String getToken() {
        return token;
    }
    public void setToken(String token) {
        this.token = token;
    }

创建JWToken


public class JwtToken {
    private static long time = 1000*5;
    private static String signature = "admin";
	//创建token的方法
    public static String createToken(){
        JwtBuilder jwtBuilder = Jwts.builder();
        String jwtToken = jwtBuilder
                //header
                .setHeaderParam("typ","JWT")
                .setHeaderParam("alg","HS256")
                //payload
                .claim("username","tom")
                .claim("role","admin")
                .setSubject("admin-test")
                .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()+time))
                .setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
                //signature
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS256,signature)
                .compact();
        return jwtToken;
    }
	//校验token，布尔类型
    public static boolean checkToken(String token){
        if (token ==null){
            return false;
        }
        try {
            Jws<Claims> claimsJws = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(signature).parseClaimsJws(token);
        }catch (Exception e){
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
}

创建控制器UserController


@RestController
public class UserController {
    private final String USERNAME = "admin";
    private final String PASSWORD = "123123";
	//login方法
    @GetMapping("/login")
    public User login(User user){
        if(USERNAME.equals(user.getUsername()) && PASSWORD.equals(user.getPassword())){
            //添加token
            user.setToken(JwtToken.createToken());
            return user;
        }
        return null;
    }
    //校验token
    @GetMapping("/checkToken")
    //接收前端请求过来的header中的token，然后去jwtoken校验方法里校验这个token
    public Boolean checkToken(HttpServletRequest request){
        String token = request.getHeader("token");
        return JwtToken.checkToken(token);
    }
}

不要忘了前后端分离中的跨域问题，我们在后端进行跨域问题的解决。


@Configuration
public class CrosConfiguration implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    @Override
    public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
        registry.addMapping("/**")
                .allowedOriginPatterns("*")
                .allowedMethods("GET", "HEAD", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE", "OPTIONS")
                .allowCredentials(true)
                .maxAge(3600)
                .allowedHeaders("*");
    }
}

前端创建Vue项目

Login页面：


<script>
    export default {
        name: "Login",
        data(){
            return{
                ruleForm: {
                    username: 'admin',
                    password: '123123'
                },
                rules: {
                    username: [{required: true, message: '请输入用户名', trigger: 'blur'}],
                    password: [{required: true, message: '请输入密码', trigger: 'blur'}]
                }
            }
        },
        methods: {
            handleSubmit(){
                this.$refs.ruleForm.validate((valid) => {
                    if(valid){
                        let _this = this
                        axios.get('http://localhost:8080/login',{params:_this.ruleForm}).then(function (response) {
                            if(response.data!=null){
                            //将token信息保存在本地客户端
                                localStorage.setItem('access-admin',JSON.stringify(response.data))
                                _this.$router.replace({path:'/'})
                            }
                        })
                    }else{
                        console.log('error submit!');
                        return false;
                    }
                })
            }
        }
    };
</script>

home页面


export default {
  data(){
    return {
      admin: ''
    }
  },
  created() {
  	//admin的信息从保存在客户端中的信息中获取
    this.admin = JSON.parse(window.localStorage.getItem('access-admin'))
  }
}
</script>

index.js路由


router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
  if (to.path.startsWith('/login')) {
  	//取出token信息
    window.localStorage.removeItem('access-admin')
    next()
  } else {
  	//获取token的信息。
    let admin = JSON.parse(window.localStorage.getItem('access-admin'))
    if (!admin) {
      next({path: '/login'})
    } else {
      //校验token合法性
      axios({
        url:'http://localhost:8080/checkToken',
        method:'get',
        headers:{
          token:admin.token
        }
      }).then((response) => {
        console.log(response.data)
        if(!response.data){
          console.log('校验失败')
          next({path: '/error'})
        }
      })
      next()
    }
  }
}