Android中socket通信的简单实现

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：IT

Android中socket通信" title="socket通信">socket通信简单实现，供大家参考，具体内容如下

socket通信需要有一个服务器和客户端，可以把同一个APP作为服务器跟客户端，也可以分开成两个APP。

先上个图：

这里以一个APP作为服务器跟客户端为示例

1、添加网络访问权限


<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

2、写服务器，在APP上启动


import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server {
 ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
 public final int port = 9998;
 private int i = 0;
 public Server(){
  //输出服务器的IP地址
  try {
   InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
   System.out.println("local host:"+addr);
   serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
   System.out.println("0k");
  } catch (IOException e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }
 public void startService(){
  try {
   Socket socket = null;
   System.out.println("waiting...");
   //等待连接，每建立一个连接，就新建一个线程
   while(true){
    socket = serverSocket.accept();//等待一个客户端的连接，在连接之前，此方法是阻塞的
    System.out.println("connect to"+socket.getInetAddress()+":"+socket.getLocalPort());
    new ConnectThread(socket).start();
   }
  } catch (IOException e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
   System.out.println("IOException");
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }
 //向客户端发送信息
 class ConnectThread extends Thread{
  Socket socket = null;
  public ConnectThread(Socket socket){
   super();
   this.socket = socket;
  }
  @Override
  public void run(){
   try {
    DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
    DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
    while(true){
     i++;
     String msgRecv = dis.readUTF();
     System.out.println("msg from client:"+msgRecv);
     dos.writeUTF(msgRecv + i);
     dos.flush();
    }
   } catch (IOException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
   }
  }
 }
}

需要在线程中调用，调用方法：


new Thread(() -> new Server().startService()).start();

3、客户端代码


import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
/**
 * @author fenghaitao
 * @time 2020年4月2日14:34:33
 * scoket客户端连接测试
 */
public class SocketActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 //IP地址和端口号
 public static String IP_ADDRESS = "";
 public static int PORT = 9998;
 //三个控件
 EditText et_message = null; //需要发送的内容
 Button bt_getAdress = null; //获取本机IP地址
 Button bt_connect = null; //连接并发送
 Button bt_startServer = null; //启动服务端
 TextView tv_adress = null; //ip地址
 TextView tv_reply = null; //服务器回复的消息
 //handler
 Handler handler = null;
 Socket soc = null;
 DataOutputStream dos = null;
 DataInputStream dis = null;
 String messageRecv = null;
 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.activity_socket);
  et_message = findViewById(R.id.et_message);
  bt_getAdress = findViewById(R.id.bt_getAdress);
  bt_connect = findViewById(R.id.bt_connect);
  bt_startServer = findViewById(R.id.bt_startServer);
  tv_adress = findViewById(R.id.tv_adress);
  tv_reply = findViewById(R.id.tv_reply);
  bt_getAdress.setOnClickListener(v -> {
   new Thread(() -> {
    try {
     InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
     System.out.println("local host:"+addr);
     runOnUiThread(() -> tv_adress.setText(addr.toString().split("/")[1]));
    } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
     e.printStackTrace();
    }
   }).start();
  });
  bt_startServer.setOnClickListener(v -> {
   new Thread(() -> new Server().startService()).start();
   Toast.makeText(SocketActivity.this,"服务已启动",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  });
  bt_connect.setOnClickListener(v -> {
   IP_ADDRESS = tv_adress.getText().toString();
   new ConnectionThread(et_message.getText().toString()).start();
  });
  handler = new Handler(msg -> {
   Bundle b = msg.getData(); //获取消息中的Bundle对象
   String str = b.getString("data"); //获取键为data的字符串的值
   tv_reply.append(str);
   return false;
  });
 }
 //新建一个子线程，实现socket通信
 class ConnectionThread extends Thread {
  String message = null;
  public ConnectionThread(String msg) {
   message = msg;
  }
  @Override
  public void run() {
   if (soc == null) {
    try {
     //Log.d("socket","new socket");
     if ("".equals(IP_ADDRESS)) {
      return;
     }
     soc = new Socket(IP_ADDRESS, PORT);
     //获取socket的输入输出流
     dis = new DataInputStream(soc.getInputStream());
     dos = new DataOutputStream(soc.getOutputStream());
    } catch (IOException e) {
     // TODO Auto-generated catch block
     e.printStackTrace();
    }
   }
   try {
    dos.writeUTF(message);
    dos.flush();
    messageRecv = dis.readUTF();//如果没有收到数据，会阻塞
    Message msg = new Message();
    Bundle b = new Bundle();
    b.putString("data", messageRecv);
    msg.setData(b);
    handler.sendMessage(msg);
   } catch (IOException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
   }
  }
 }
}

下面是xml页面代码


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 tools:context=".SocketActivity">
 <LinearLayout
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:orientation="vertical">
  <LinearLayout
   android:layout_width="match_parent"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   android:layout_marginTop="10dp">
   <Button
    android:id="@+id/bt_getAdress"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="获取IP地址"/>
   <TextView
    android:id="@+id/tv_adress"
    android:layout_width="200dp"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_marginLeft="15dp"
    android:textSize="20dp"
    android:gravity="center"/>
  </LinearLayout>
  <Button
   android:id="@+id/bt_startServer"
   android:text="启动服务"
   android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
  <EditText
   android:id="@+id/et_message"
   android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
   android:hint="请输入发送信息"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
  <Button
   android:id="@+id/bt_connect"
   android:text="连接发送"
   android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
  <TextView
   android:id="@+id/tv_reply"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
   android:text="服务端返回消息："
   android:textSize="30sp"/>
 </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>