Swoole 高性能高并发 PHP 协程框架

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：IT

Swoole 使 PHP 开发人员可以编写高性能高并发的 TCP、UDP、Unix Socket、HTTP、 WebSocket 等服务，让 PHP 不再局限于 Web 领域。Swoole4 协程的成熟将 PHP 带入了前所未有的时期，为性能的提升提供了独一无二的可能性。

Swoole 可以广泛应用于互联网、移动通信、云计算、网络游戏、物联网（IOT）、车联网、智能家居等领域。使用 PHP + Swoole 可以使企业 IT 研发团队的效率大大提升，更加专注于开发创新产品。

HTTP Server

//高性能HTTP服务器
$http = new Swoole\Http\Server("127.0.0.1", 9501);
$http->on("start", function ($server) {
  echo "Swoole http server is started at http://127.0.0.1:9501\n";
});
$http->on("request", function ($request, $response) {
  $response->header("Content-Type", "text/plain");
  $response->end("Hello World\n");
});
$http->start();

WebSocket Server

$server = new Swoole\Websocket\Server("127.0.0.1", 9502);
$server->on('open', function($server, $req) {
  echo "connection open: {$req->fd}\n";
});
$server->on('message', function($server, $frame) {
  echo "received message: {$frame->data}\n";
  $server->push($frame->fd, json_encode(["hello", "world"]));
});
$server->on('close', function($server, $fd) {
  echo "connection close: {$fd}\n";
});$server->start();

TCP Server

$server = new Swoole\Server("127.0.0.1", 9503);
$server->on('connect', function ($server, $fd){
  echo "connection open: {$fd}\n";
});
$server->on('receive', function ($server, $fd, $reactor_id, $data) {
  $server->send($fd, "Swoole: {$data}");
  $server->close($fd);
});
$server->on('close', function ($server, $fd) {
  echo "connection close: {$fd}\n";
});$server->start();

UDP Server

$serv = new Swoole\Server("127.0.0.1", 9502, SWOOLE_PROCESS, SWOOLE_SOCK_UDP);
//监听数据接收事件
$serv->on('Packet', function ($serv, $data, $clientInfo) {
  $serv->sendto($clientInfo['address'], $clientInfo['port'], "Server ".$data);
  var_dump($clientInfo);
});
//启动服务器$serv->start();

Task

$server = new Swoole\Server("127.0.0.1", 9502);
$server->set(array('task_worker_num' => 4));
$server->on('receive', function($server, $fd, $reactor_id, $data) {
  $task_id = $server->task("Async");
  echo "Dispatch AsyncTask: [id=$task_id]\n";
});
$server->on('task', function ($server, $task_id, $reactor_id, $data) {
  echo "New AsyncTask[id=$task_id]\n";
  $server->finish("$data -> OK");
});
$server->on('finish', function ($server, $task_id, $data) {
  echo "AsyncTask[$task_id] finished: {$data}\n";
});$server->start();

Coroutine

睡眠 1 万次，读取，写入，检查和删除文件 1 万次，使用 PDO 和 MySQLi 与数据库通信 1 万次，创建 TCP 服务器和多个客户端相互通信 1 万次，

创建 UDP 服务器和多个客户端到相互通信 1 万次…… 一切都在一个进程一秒内完美完成！

Swoole\Runtime::enableCoroutine();
//此行代码后，文件操作，sleep，Mysqli，PDO，streams等都变成异步IO，见文档'一键协程化'章节
$s = microtime(true);
//Co/run()见文档'协程容器'章节
Co\run(function() {
// i just want to sleep...
for ($c = 100; $c--;) {
  go(function () {
    for ($n = 100; $n--;) {
      usleep(1000);
    }
  });
}
// 10k file read and write
for ($c = 100; $c--;) {
  go(function () use ($c) {
    $tmp_filename = "/tmp/test-{$c}.php";
    for ($n = 100; $n--;) {
      $self = file_get_contents(__FILE__);
      file_put_contents($tmp_filename, $self);
      assert(file_get_contents($tmp_filename) === $self);
    }
    unlink($tmp_filename);
  });
}
// 10k pdo and mysqli read
for ($c = 50; $c--;) {
  go(function () {
    $pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=127.0.0.1;dbname=test;charset=utf8', 'root', 'root');
    $statement = $pdo->prepare('SELECT * FROM `user`');
    for ($n = 100; $n--;) {
      $statement->execute();
      assert(count($statement->fetchAll()) > 0);
    }
  });
}
for ($c = 50; $c--;) {
  go(function () {
    $mysqli = new Mysqli('127.0.0.1', 'root', 'root', 'test');
    $statement = $mysqli->prepare('SELECT `id` FROM `user`');
    for ($n = 100; $n--;) {
      $statement->bind_result($id);
      $statement->execute();
      $statement->fetch();
      assert($id > 0);
    }
  });
}
// php_stream tcp server & client with 12.8k requests in single process
function tcp_pack(string $data): string{
  return pack('n', strlen($data)) . $data;
}
function tcp_length(string $head): int{
  return unpack('n', $head)[1];
}
go(function () {
  $ctx = stream_context_create(['socket' => ['so_reuseaddr' => true, 'backlog' => 128]]);
  $socket = stream_socket_server(
    'tcp://0.0.0.0:9502',
    $errno, $errstr, STREAM_SERVER_BIND | STREAM_SERVER_LISTEN, $ctx
  );
  if (!$socket) {
    echo "$errstr ($errno)\n";
  } else {
    $i = 0;
    while ($conn = stream_socket_accept($socket, 1)) {
      stream_set_timeout($conn, 5);
      for ($n = 100; $n--;) {
        $data = fread($conn, tcp_length(fread($conn, 2)));
        assert($data === "Hello Swoole Server #{$n}!");
        fwrite($conn, tcp_pack("Hello Swoole Client #{$n}!"));
      }
      if (++$i === 128) {
        fclose($socket);
        break;
      }
    }
  }
});
for ($c = 128; $c--;) {
  go(function () {
    $fp = stream_socket_client("tcp://127.0.0.1:9502", $errno, $errstr, 1);
    if (!$fp) {
      echo "$errstr ($errno)\n";
    } else {
      stream_set_timeout($fp, 5);
      for ($n = 100; $n--;) {
        fwrite($fp, tcp_pack("Hello Swoole Server #{$n}!"));
        $data = fread($fp, tcp_length(fread($fp, 2)));
        assert($data === "Hello Swoole Client #{$n}!");
      }
      fclose($fp);
    }
  });
}
// udp server & client with 12.8k requests in single process
go(function () {
  $socket = new Swoole\Coroutine\Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
  $socket->bind('127.0.0.1', 9503);
  $client_map = [];
  for ($c = 128; $c--;) {
    for ($n = 0; $n < 100; $n++) { $recv = $socket->recvfrom($peer);
      $client_uid = "{$peer['address']}:{$peer['port']}";
      $id = $client_map[$client_uid] = ($client_map[$client_uid] ?? -1) + 1;
      assert($recv === "Client: Hello #{$id}!");
      $socket->sendto($peer['address'], $peer['port'], "Server: Hello #{$id}!");
    }
  }
  $socket->close();
});
for ($c = 128; $c--;) {
  go(function () {
    $fp = stream_socket_client("udp://127.0.0.1:9503", $errno, $errstr, 1);
    if (!$fp) {
      echo "$errstr ($errno)\n";
    } else {
      for ($n = 0; $n < 100; $n++) {
        fwrite($fp, "Client: Hello #{$n}!");
        $recv = fread($fp, 1024);
        list($address, $port) = explode(':', (stream_socket_get_name($fp, true)));
        assert($address === '127.0.0.1' && (int)$port === 9503);
        assert($recv === "Server: Hello #{$n}!");
      }
      fclose($fp);
    }
  });
}
});echo 'use ' . (microtime(true) - $s) . ' s';

Channel

Co\run(function(){
  //使用Channel进行协程间通讯
  $chan = new Swoole\Coroutine\Channel(1);
  Swoole\Coroutine::create(function () use ($chan) {
    for($i = 0; $i < 100000; $i++) { co::sleep(1.0); $chan->push(['rand' => rand(1000, 9999), 'index' => $i]);
      echo "$i\n";
    }
  });
  Swoole\Coroutine::create(function () use ($chan) {
    while(1) {
      $data = $chan->pop();
      var_dump($data);
    }
  });});

Swoole 特性

Swoole 使用 C/C++ 语言编写，提供了 PHP 语言的异步多线程服务器、异步 TCP/UDP 网络客户端、异步 MySQL、异步 Redis、数据库连接池、AsyncTask、消息队列、毫秒定时器、异步文件读写、异步DNS查询。 Swoole内置了Http/WebSocket服务器端/客户端、Http2.0服务器端。

除了异步 IO 的支持之外，Swoole 为 PHP 多进程的模式设计了多个并发数据结构和IPC通信机制，可以大大简化多进程并发编程的工作。其中包括了并发原子计数器、并发 HashTable、Channel、Lock、进程间通信IPC 等丰富的功能特性。

Swoole4.0 支持了类似 Go 语言的协程，可以使用完全同步的代码实现异步程序。PHP 代码无需额外增加任何关键词，底层自动进行协程调度，实现异步IO。