浅谈java反射和自定义注解的综合应用实例

前言

前几天学习了反射和自定义注解,刚好工作中遇到一个小问题:前台传递到后台的必填字段为空,导致不能插入数据库。就是这样一个小问题,让我考虑到是否可以做一个通用的方法,让前台传递过来的必填字段在后台也校验一遍,如果传递为空,则把响应字段返回提示。因此,我考虑的是用注解的方式,在必填字段上面定义,利用反射得到必填字段的字段名,判断是否为空,并返回响应的信息。

需求模拟

假设客户有:姓名,年龄,地址,手机号码,身份证号等信息,而我们是做金融业务,所以关键是看客户的三要素:姓名,身份证号,手机号码。我们要保证前台传递过来的这三个值不为空。

废话不多说,直接上代码。只看红框里面的即可。

目录结构

客户信息类:Customer

这个是个实体类,我们在:姓名,身份证号码,手机号码上都用了我们的自定义注解。

 

package com.dao.chu.po;

/**

*

* <p>Title: Customer</p>

* <p>Description:客户信息实体 </p>

*/

public class Customer {

private int id;

@IsRequired

private String name; // 姓名

@IsRequired

private String idnum; // 身份证号码

@IsRequired

private String phone; // 手机号

private String sex; // 性别

private int age; // 年龄

private String address; // 地址

@Override

public String toString() {

return "Customer [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", idnum=" + idnum

+ ", phone=" + phone + ", sex=" + sex + ", age=" + age

+ ", address=" + address + "]";

}

public int getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(int id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getIdnum() {

return idnum;

}

public void setIdnum(String idnum) {

this.idnum = idnum;

}

public String getPhone() {

return phone;

}

public void setPhone(String phone) {

this.phone = phone;

}

public String getSex() {

return sex;

}

public void setSex(String sex) {

this.sex = sex;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

}

public String getAddress() {

return address;

}

public void setAddress(String address) {

this.address = address;

}

}

自定义注解类:IsRequired

 

package com.dao.chu.po;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;

import java.lang.annotation.Retention;

import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;

import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**

*

* <p>Title: IsRequired</p>

* <p>Description: 字段是否必填 </p>

*/

@Retention(value = RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

@Target(value = {ElementType.FIELD})

public @interface IsRequired

{

/**

*

* <p>Title: isRequired</p>

* <p>Description:true:必填 false:非必填 </p>

* @return

*/

boolean isRequired() default true;

}

关键工具类:PoUtils

我们在这个类里面主要用了反射的知识,得到带有自定义注解的字段,并取得这个对象的值进行判断

package com.dao.chu.po;

import java.beans.IntrospectionException;

import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

import javax.jws.WebResult;

import com.sun.xml.internal.ws.util.StringUtils;

/**

*

* <p>Title: PoUtils</p>

* <p>Description:Po操作工具类 </p>

*/

@SuppressWarnings("unused")

public class PoUtils

{

/**

* <p>Title: getProperties</p>

* <p>Description: 获取javabean属性通用方法 </p>

* @param t

* @param beanName

* @return

* @throws IllegalAccessException

* @throws IllegalArgumentException

* @throws InvocationTargetException

* @throws IntrospectionException

*/

private static <T> Object getProperties(T t, String beanName)

throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException, IntrospectionException

{

Object nameValue = new PropertyDescriptor(beanName, t.getClass()).getReadMethod().invoke(t);

return nameValue;

}

/**

* <p>Title: IsFieldBlank</p>

* <p>Description:判断前台传过来的必填字段是否为空 ,不正确则将相应字段返回 </p>

* @param t

* @return

* @throws IllegalAccessException

* @throws IllegalArgumentException

* @throws InvocationTargetException

* @throws IntrospectionException

*/

public static <T> RespBody IsFieldBlank(T t)

throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException, IntrospectionException

{

RespBody respBody = new RespBody();

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

Field[] declaredFields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();

for (Field field : declaredFields)

{

field.setAccessible(true);

String name = field.getName();

boolean fieldHasAnno = field.isAnnotationPresent(IsRequired.class);

if (fieldHasAnno)

{

IsRequired annotation = field.getAnnotation(IsRequired.class);

boolean required = annotation.isRequired();

if (required)

{

Object value = getProperties(t, name);

if (null == value)

{

sb.append(name + ",");

}

}

}

}

if (null==sb.toString()||"".equals(sb.toString()))

{

respBody.isSuccess();

}

respBody.setSuccess(false);

respBody.setMsg(sb.toString().substring(0,sb.toString().lastIndexOf(",")) + " is required");

return respBody;

}

}

RespBody:响应实体类

封装了响应的成功失败以及一些信息

package com.dao.chu.po;

/**

*

* <p>Title: RespBody</p>

* <p>Description: 响应实体类</p>

*/

public class RespBody

{

private boolean isSuccess = true;

private String msg;

private Object data;

public boolean isSuccess()

{

return isSuccess;

}

public void setSuccess(boolean isSuccess)

{

this.isSuccess = isSuccess;

}

public String getMsg()

{

return msg;

}

public void setMsg(String msg)

{

this.msg = msg;

}

public Object getData()

{

return data;

}

public void setData(Object data)

{

this.data = data;

}

public RespBody(boolean isSuccess, String msg, Object data)

{

super();

this.isSuccess = isSuccess;

this.msg = msg;

this.data = data;

}

public RespBody(boolean isSuccess, String msg)

{

super();

this.isSuccess = isSuccess;

this.msg = msg;

}

public RespBody()

{

}

@Override

public String toString()

{

return "ReturnBody [isSuccess=" + isSuccess + ", msg=" + msg + ", data=" + data + "]";

}

}

测试类:IsRequiredTest

package com.dao.chu.po;

/**

*

* <p>Title: IsRequiredTest</p>

* <p>Description: 必填成员变量测试类</p>

*/

public class IsRequiredTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Customer customer = new Customer();

try {

//=========第一次不赋值==========

RespBody respBody = PoUtils.IsFieldBlank(customer);

//不通过则返回提示信息

if (!respBody.isSuccess()) {

System.out.println("1."+respBody.getMsg());

}

//=========第二次给姓名赋值==========

customer.setName("张三");

respBody = PoUtils.IsFieldBlank(customer);

//不通过则返回提示信息

if (!respBody.isSuccess()) {

System.out.println("2."+respBody.getMsg());

}

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

输出结果

第一次三个值都为空,提示三个都是必填的,第二次因为姓名赋值了,所以提示另外两个是必填的,本次实验宣告结束,本人知识有限,若有更好的方法欢迎指正

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