Java对Excel表格的上传和下载处理方法

Excel表格文件的上传和下载,java中涉及到文件肯定会有io流的知识。

而excel文件就要涉及到poi技术,而excel的版本包括:2003-2007和2010两个版本, 即excel的后缀名为:xls和xlsx。

这里我是按照正规的项目流程做的案例,所以可能会比网上的一些Demo复杂一些。不过文件的上传和下载基本都是一套固定的流程,只是每个人的实现方式不太相同。

数据库我用的是MySql。

下面是我的项目目录:

按照正常的项目做了分层处理,文件上传的业务我放到了service处理,而文件下载业务还在controller层。

对前端请求处理,我分成了两个方法都放在HandleExcelController里面,这个类继承了BaseExcelController,基本的文件操作处理在BaseExcelController里面。

BaseExcelController继承了BaseController,BaseController类是所有controller的父类,这里用到的不太多,这个类封装了response返回值等的处理等一些方法。

项目中除了springMVC和mybatis的jar包之外还引入了:

上传和下载excel文件:

1、创建需要上传的excel文件,为了简化,我这里只写了四列,即四个字段

2、创建jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<title>Excel文件处理</title>

<script type="text/javascript" src="<c:url value='/res/js/jquery.js'/>"></script>

<script>

$(function(){

var $wrap = $(".wrap");

var find = function(str){

return $wrap.find(str);

}

var getJname = function(name){

return find("input[name='"+name+"']");

}

getJname("Upload").click(function(){

var form = new FormData(document.getElementById("tf"));

$.ajax({

url:"<c:url value='/File/UploadExcel'/>",

type:"post",

data:form,

dataType:"json",

processData:false,

contentType:false,

success:function(data){

//window.clearInterval(timer);

if(data.success == "success"){

alert("提交文件成功,已将数据存入数据库");

}

},

error:function(e){

alert("错误!");

//window.clearInterval(timer);

}

});

})

getJname("Download").click(function(){

$.post("<c:url value='/File/DownLoadExcel'/>",{"id":"3"},function(data){

//alert("下载文件成功");

},"json")

})

})

</script>

</head>

<body>

<div class="wrap">

<form id="tf">

<p>

<input type="file" name="file" value="选择文件"/>

Excel文件上传:<input type="button" name="Upload" value="upload"/>

</p>

<p>

Excel文件下载:<input type="button" name="Download" value="updown"/>

</p>

</form>

</div>

</body>

</html>

3、依次创建controller、service、domain、mapper层,注意它们的依赖关系

1)、controller层的处理,在HandleExcelController里面注入BaseExcelService。因为只是做个示范,所欲我这里将泛型固定为Students类

 BaseExcelController代码:

package cn.wangze.controller;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

import java.util.Collection;

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPalette;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.CellRangeAddress;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import cn.wangze.domain.Students;

public class BaseExcelController extends BaseController{

//获取文件的路径

String separator = System.getProperty("file.separator");

//验证元素是否为空

@SuppressWarnings("all")

public boolean isEmpty(Object obj){

if(obj instanceof Object[]){

if(((Object[]) obj).length==0){

return true;

}

if(obj == null) return true;

if((String.valueOf(obj).trim()).length() == 0){

return true;

}

if(obj instanceof List){

if(((List) obj) == null || ((List)obj).size() == 0){

return true;

}

}

}

return false;

}

/**

* 文件上传部分

* */

//验证文件

protected boolean checkPathName(String fileName,HttpServletResponse response){

//验证文件是否存在

if(isEmpty(fileName)){

sendError("上传文件不存在",response);

return false;

}

//验证文件是否是以xls或者xlsx做后缀的文件,如果不是就返回错误信息

if(!(StringUtils.endsWithIgnoreCase(fileName,".xls")||StringUtils.endsWithIgnoreCase(fileName, ".xlsx"))){

sendError("上传文件类型错误,请核对后重新上传?",response);

}

return true;

}

//获取文件的sheet

protected Sheet getSheet(MultipartFile file,String path,String fileName) throws IllegalStateException, IOException{

//找到要存放到项目里面的路径,新建文件

File targetFile = new File(path, fileName);

targetFile.mkdirs();

if (targetFile.exists()) {

targetFile.delete();

file.transferTo(targetFile);

} else {

file.transferTo(targetFile);

}

//封装输入流,封装sheet里面的内容

InputStream is = null;

try{

is = new FileInputStream(path+separator+fileName);

//判断版本是否为Excel加强版

if(StringUtils.endsWithIgnoreCase(fileName, ".xls")){

return new HSSFWorkbook(is).getSheetAt(0);

}else if(StringUtils.endsWithIgnoreCase(fileName, ".xlsx")){

return new XSSFWorkbook(is).getSheetAt(0);

}

return null;

}

finally{

if(is != null){

is.close();

}

}

}

/**

* 文件下载部分

* */

//根据传入的Sting值,判断生成在excel表的位置

private HSSFCellStyle getPublicStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook,String key){

HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();

HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();

HSSFPalette customPalette = workbook.getCustomPalette();

customPalette.setColorAtIndex(HSSFColor.TEAL.index, (byte) 64, (byte) 148, (byte) 160);

customPalette.setColorAtIndex(HSSFColor.ORANGE.index, (byte) 170, (byte) 204, (byte) 204);

style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);

style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);

if(key=="head"){

style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);

font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)12);

font.setColor(HSSFColor.TEAL.index);

font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);

style.setFont(font);

}

if(key=="title"){

font.setColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);

font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);

style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);

style.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);

style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);

style.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);

style.setFont(font);

style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);

style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.ORANGE.index);

style.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.ORANGE.index);

}

return style;

}

//创建head头信息

private void createHead(HSSFSheet sheet,HSSFCellStyle style,String[] title){

HSSFRow row1 = sheet.createRow(0);

HSSFCell cellTitle = row1.createCell(0);

cellTitle.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(title[0]));

sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0,0,0,title.length-2));

cellTitle.setCellStyle(style);

}

//创建title信息

private void createTitle(HSSFSheet sheet,HSSFCellStyle style,String[] label,int columnNum){

HSSFRow row2 = sheet.createRow(1);

HSSFCell cell1 = null;

for(int n=0;n<columnNum;n++){

cell1 = row2.createCell(n);

cell1.setCellValue(label[n+1]);

cell1.setCellStyle(style);

}

}

//创建content数据信息

private void createContent(HSSFSheet sheet,HSSFCellStyle style,Collection<Students> list,int columnNum,String[] parameters){

int index= 0;

Iterator<Students> it = list.iterator();

while(it.hasNext()){

index++;

Students cash = it.next();

int num2 = parameters.length;

HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(index+1);

initCells(style, num2,cash, parameters,row);

}

}

//验证是否为中文

public boolean checkChinese(String s){

int n=0;

boolean flag =false;

for(int i=0; i<s.length(); i++) {

n = (int)s.charAt(i);

flag=(19968 <= n && n <40623)?true:false;

}

return flag;

}

//将数据设置到excel表格内

public void initCells(HSSFCellStyle style, int columnNum, Students t,

String[] endContent, HSSFRow row3) {

for(int j=0;j<columnNum;j++){

HSSFCell cell = row3.createCell(j);

String fieldName = endContent[j];

try{

if(fieldName!="" && !checkChinese(fieldName)){

String getMethodName = "get" +fieldName.substring(0,1).toUpperCase()+fieldName.substring(1);

Class clazz = t.getClass();

Method getMethod = clazz.getMethod(getMethodName, new Class[]{});

String value = (String)getMethod.invoke(t, new Object[]{});

cell.setCellValue(value);

}else{

cell.setCellValue(fieldName);

}

cell.setCellStyle(style);

}catch(Exception e){

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

public void createEnd(HSSFSheet sheet,HSSFCellStyle style,int numText,int columnNum,Students t,String[] endContent){

HSSFRow row3 = sheet.createRow(numText+2);

initCells(style, columnNum, t, endContent, row3);

}

//根据service查询到的数据,创建excel表并插入查询的数据信息

protected String getOutputName(List<Students> list, String path, String[] title, String[] parameters, Students t, String[] endContent)

throws IOException{

//根据传入的title数组的第一个值,设置文件名称

String filename = title[0]+"_"+ new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd").format(new Date())+".xls";

//输出流放到文件的本地位置

FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path+separator+filename);

//列数,根据title的个数,除去第一个就是每列title的信息

int columnNum = title.length-1;

int numText = list.size();

HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();

HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();

sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth (20);

sheet.setDefaultRowHeight((short)400);

HSSFCellStyle contentStyle = this.getPublicStyle(workbook,"");

HSSFCellStyle titleStyle = this.getPublicStyle(workbook,"title");

HSSFCellStyle headerStyle = this.getPublicStyle(workbook,"head");

createHead(sheet,headerStyle,title);

createTitle(sheet,titleStyle,title,columnNum);

createContent(sheet,contentStyle,list,columnNum,parameters);

//createEnd(sheet,contentStyle,numText,columnNum,t,endContent);

workbook.write(fos);

fos.flush();

fos.close();

return filename;

}

}

HandleExcelController用来处理前端请求,代码如下:

package cn.wangze.controller;

import java.io.File;

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import cn.wangze.domain.Students;

import cn.wangze.service.BaseExcelService;

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/File")

public class HandleExcelController extends BaseExcelController{

@Autowired

private BaseExcelService baseExcelService;

@RequestMapping("/UploadExcel")

public void UploadExcel(MultipartFile file,HttpSession session,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{

//如果上传的文件不存在,抛出异常

if(file == null){

throw new Exception("文件不存在");

}

//获取文件名

String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();

//选择上传的文件存放到项目的路径

String path = session.getServletContext().getRealPath(separator+"res"+separator+"upload");

if(!checkPathName(fileName,response)) return ;

String msg = baseExcelService.loadExcel(getSheet(file, path, fileName));

sendMsg(true,msg,response);

}

@RequestMapping("/DownLoadExcel")

public void UpdownExcel(Students student,HttpServletResponse res,HttpSession session,HttpServletResponse response)

throws Exception{

List<Students> stus = baseExcelService.queryList(student);

if(stus.size()==0){

res.sendRedirect("/index.jsp");

return;

}

//下载的excel文件存放的本地路径

String path = session.getServletContext().getRealPath(separator+"res"+separator+"exportExcel"+separator);

ServletOutputStream os = res.getOutputStream();

Students t = baseExcelService.queryTotal(student);

//标题文字,数值中的第一个值+当前日期为文件名称,以后的每个元素为每列的标题

String[] title={"studets04","id","名字","年龄","性别"};//标题文字

//对应实体类的属性值

String[] parameters ={"id","name","age","sex"};

String[] endContent = {"","","",""};

//调用父类的处理方法,生成excel文件

String filename = getOutputName(stus,path,title,parameters,t,endContent);

try {

res.reset();

res.setCharacterEncoding("utf8");

res.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=utf8");

res.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;fileName="

+new String(filename.getBytes("utf-8"),"iso-8859-1"));

os.write(FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(new File(path+separator+filename)));

sendResult(true,response);

os.flush();

} finally {

if (os != null) {

os.close();

}

}

}

}

2)、service层的处理,把StudentsMapper注入到BaseExcelService

BaseExcelService代码:

package cn.wangze.service;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import cn.wangze.domain.Students;

import cn.wangze.mapper.StudentsMapper;

@Service

public class BaseExcelService {

@Autowired

private StudentsMapper<Students> studentsMapper;

//判断字符串是否为空

public boolean isEmpty(String str) {

return str == null || str.length() == 0;

}

//获取单个表格(字段)存放的信息

private String getValue(Cell cell,String cellLable,Map<String,String> errMap){

cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);

String value = cell.getStringCellValue().trim();

return value;

}

//通过这个方法将excel表的每行的数据放到info对象里面

private String addInfo(Row row,Students info){

Map<String,String> errMap = new HashMap<String,String>();

String id = getValue(row.getCell(0),"ID",errMap);

String username = getValue(row.getCell(1),"姓名",errMap);

String age = getValue(row.getCell(2),"年龄",errMap);

String sex = getValue(row.getCell(3),"性别",errMap);

String errMsg = errMap.get("errMsg");

if(!isEmpty(errMsg)){

return errMsg;

}

info.setId(id);

info.setName(username);

info.setAge(age);

info.setSex(sex);

return null;

}

public String loadExcel(Sheet sheet) throws Exception{

//新建一个List集合,用来存放所有行信息,即每行为单条实体信息

List<Students> infos = new ArrayList<Students>();

//获取到数据行数,第一行是title,不需要存入数据库,所以rowNum从1开始

for (int rowNum = 1; rowNum <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) {

Students info = new Students();

String errMsg2 = addInfo(sheet.getRow(rowNum),info);

if(errMsg2 != null) return errMsg2;

infos.add(info);

}

if(infos.isEmpty()){

return "没有解析到学生数据,请查验EXCEL文件";

}

//通过studentsMapper的insertSheetData方法,将实体类存放的数据插入到数据库

int result = studentsMapper.insertSheetData(infos);

//若插入成功会返回大于1的整数,返回success

if(result >= 1){

return "success";

}

return "error";

}

//查询所有数据库存放的学生信息

public List<Students> queryList(Students students){

return studentsMapper.queryList(students);

}

//获取到的学生实体信息

public Students queryTotal(Students students){

return studentsMapper.queryTotal(students);

}

public void downExcel(HttpSession session,String separator){

}

}

3)、实体层的处理,字段要对应excel表的字段

package cn.wangze.domain;

public class Students {

String id;

String name;

String age;

String sex;

public String getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(String id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(String age) {

this.age = age;

}

public String getSex() {

return sex;

}

public void setSex(String sex) {

this.sex = sex;

}

}

4)、dao层处理:StudentsMapper.java是一个接口,业务到数据库需要执行的方法在这里声明,StudentsMapper.xml相当于接口的实现类,用来连接java和数据库的操作。

StudentsMapper.java代码:

package cn.wangze.mapper;

import java.util.List;

public interface StudentsMapper<T> {

public int insertSheetData(List<T> list);

public List<T> queryList(T t);

public T queryTotal(T t);

}

StudentsMapper.xml代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="cn.wangze.mapper.StudentsMapper">

<sql id="ColumnList">

id,name,age,sex

</sql>

<sql id="ColumnList_t" >

t.id,t.name,t.age,t.sex

</sql>

<sql id="ValueList">

#{id},#{name},#{age},#{sex}

</sql>

<sql id="WhereClause">

where 1=1

<if test="id!=null and id!=''">and id=#{id}</if>

<if test="name!=null and name!=''">and name=#{name}</if>

<if test="age!=null and age!=''">and age=#{age}</if>

<if test="sex!=null and sex!=''">and sex=#{sex}</if>

</sql>

<sql id="WhereClause_pager" >

where 1=1

<if test="t.id!=null and t.id!=''">and id=#{t.id}</if>

<if test="t.name!=null and t.name!=''">and name=#{t.name}</if>

<if test="t.age!=null">and age=#{t.age}</if>

<if test="t.sex!=null and t.sex!=''">and sex=#{t.sex}</if>

</sql>

<sql id="SetClause" >

set

<trim suffixOverrides="," >

<if test="id!=null">id=#{id},</if>

<if test="name!=null">name=#{name},</if>

<if test="pid!=null">age=#{age},</if>

<if test="url!=null">sex=#{sex},</if>

</trim>

</sql>

<select id="queryList" resultType="Students">

select <include refid="ColumnList"/> from students

</select>

<select id="queryTotal" parameterType="Students" resultType="Students">

select <include refid="ColumnList" /> from students <include refid="WhereClause"/>

<!-- (select <include refid="ColumnList"/> from t_account_cash t

<include refid="WhereClauseQuery"/> group by to_char(t.add_time,'yyyy-mm-dd'),t.account_id) a -->

</select>

<insert id="insertSheetData" useGeneratedKeys="true" parameterType="java.util.List">

<!-- <selectKey resultType="long" keyProperty="id" order="AFTER">

SELECT

LAST_INSERT_ID()

</selectKey> -->

insert into students (id,name,age,sex)

values

<foreach collection="list" item="item" index="index" separator="," >

(#{item.id},#{item.name},#{item.age},#{item.sex})

</foreach>

</insert>

</mapper>

所有的代码就是这些了,操作的时候需要注意的多是路径的问题。最复杂的就是BaseExcelController的操作,它做的事情就是解析上传和创建下载excel文件。

执行完之后的结果图是这样:

在数据库查看上传的excel表:

下载到D:\tomcat\tomcat6.0.32\webapps\ExcelHandleDemo\res\exportExcel文件夹下的excel表:

这里有一点不足的地方,我相信你已经发现了,就是下载完excel表格之后,前端还没有和业务对接上,没有相应的提示来告诉操作人执行结果,只能通过代码设置好的路径去查看文件夹下是否有下载的excel文件,

不过这都是细节问题,相信难不倒聪明的各位。

总结

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Java对Excel表格的上传和下载处理方法,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问欢迎给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的!

以上是 Java对Excel表格的上传和下载处理方法 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/p/213603.html

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