java实现短地址服务的方法（附代码）

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：IT

假设下面是你的视频网站链接列表，如果别人想爬取你的数据十分轻松，看规则就知道数据库是序列自增的

http://www.xxxx.com/video/1

http://www.xxxx.com/video/2

http://www.xxxx.com/video/3

那么解决这一问题，我们可以使用短地址，不对外暴露真实链接，使用对称加密是一个很好的方案。

Hashids是一个很好的选择，它提供了JS/PHP/JAVA/PYTHON等编程语言的实现，这里我使用的就是它。

下面是我基于blade框架搭建的java短地址服务。


CREATE TABLE `t_url` (
 `id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 `url` text NOT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=15 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

路由


@Path
public class IndexRoute {
    // 盐值
  private static final Hashids HASHIDS = new Hashids("blade-shorturl");
  private UrlModel urlModel = new UrlModel();
  @Route("/:key")
  public void get(Request req, Response response) {
    String key = req.pathParam(":key").replaceAll("[^A-Za-z0-9]", "");
    long[] numbers = HASHIDS.decode(key);
    if (null == numbers || numbers.length < 1) {
      response.text("没有找到");
      return;
    }
    int id = (int) numbers[0];
    String result = get(id).getUrl();
    if (result == null) {
      response.text("没有找到");
      return;
    }
    response.redirect(result);
  }
  @Route(value = "/", method = HttpMethod.GET)
  public String index() {
    return "index";
  }
  @Route(value = "/", method = HttpMethod.POST)
  public String save(Request request, Response response) {
    String resJsp = "index";
    String longUrl = request.query("url");
    if (!isURL(longUrl)) {
      request.attribute("error", "无效的URL");
      return resJsp;
    }
    Integer id = this.save(longUrl);
    if (id == 0) {
      request.attribute("error", "保存失败");
      return resJsp;
    }
    String hash = HASHIDS.encode(id);
    request.attribute("url_hash", hash);
    System.out.println("id = " + id + ",url_hash=" + hash);
    return resJsp;
  }
  private Integer save(String url) {
    return urlModel.insert().param("url", url).executeAndCommit();
  }
  private UrlModel get(int id) {
    return urlModel.fetchByPk(id);
  }
  private final String REGEX = "\\b(https?|ftp|file)://[-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|!:,.;]*[-a-zA-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|]";
  private boolean isURL(String url) {
    if(StringKit.isNotBlank(url)){
      Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(REGEX);
      Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(url);
      if (matcher.find()) {
        return true;
      }
    }
    return false;
  }
}