详解Java的Spring框架中bean的注入集合

使用value属性和使用<property>标签的ref属性在你的bean配置文件中的对象引用,这两种情况下可以处理单值到一个bean,如果你想通过多元值,如Java Collection类型List, Set, Map 及 Properties。要处理这种情况,Spring提供了四种类型的如下集合的配置元素:

可以使用<list> 或<set> 来连接任何实现java.util.Collection或数组。

会遇到两种情况(a)将收集的直接的值及(b)传递一个bean的引用作为集合的元素之一。

例子:

我们使用Eclipse IDE,然后按照下面的步骤来创建一个Spring应用程序:

这里是JavaCollection.java文件的内容:

package com.yiibai;

import java.util.*;

public class JavaCollection {

List addressList;

Set addressSet;

Map addressMap;

Properties addressProp;

// a setter method to set List

public void setAddressList(List addressList) {

this.addressList = addressList;

}

// prints and returns all the elements of the list.

public List getAddressList() {

System.out.println("List Elements :" + addressList);

return addressList;

}

// a setter method to set Set

public void setAddressSet(Set addressSet) {

this.addressSet = addressSet;

}

// prints and returns all the elements of the Set.

public Set getAddressSet() {

System.out.println("Set Elements :" + addressSet);

return addressSet;

}

// a setter method to set Map

public void setAddressMap(Map addressMap) {

this.addressMap = addressMap;

}

// prints and returns all the elements of the Map.

public Map getAddressMap() {

System.out.println("Map Elements :" + addressMap);

return addressMap;

}

// a setter method to set Property

public void setAddressProp(Properties addressProp) {

this.addressProp = addressProp;

}

// prints and returns all the elements of the Property.

public Properties getAddressProp() {

System.out.println("Property Elements :" + addressProp);

return addressProp;

}

}

以下是MainApp.java文件的内容:

package com.yiibai;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MainApp {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext context =

new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");

JavaCollection jc=(JavaCollection)context.getBean("javaCollection");

jc.getAddressList();

jc.getAddressSet();

jc.getAddressMap();

jc.getAddressProp();

}

}

以下是配置文件beans.xml文件里面有配置的集合的所有类型:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

<!-- Definition for javaCollection -->

<bean id="javaCollection" class="com.yiibai.JavaCollection">

<!-- results in a setAddressList(java.util.List) call -->

<property name="addressList">

<list>

<value>INDIA</value>

<value>Pakistan</value>

<value>USA</value>

<value>USA</value>

</list>

</property>

<!-- results in a setAddressSet(java.util.Set) call -->

<property name="addressSet">

<set>

<value>INDIA</value>

<value>Pakistan</value>

<value>USA</value>

<value>USA</value>

</set>

</property>

<!-- results in a setAddressMap(java.util.Map) call -->

<property name="addressMap">

<map>

<entry key="1" value="INDIA"/>

<entry key="2" value="Pakistan"/>

<entry key="3" value="USA"/>

<entry key="4" value="USA"/>

</map>

</property>

<!-- results in a setAddressProp(java.util.Properties) call -->

<property name="addressProp">

<props>

<prop key="one">INDIA</prop>

<prop key="two">Pakistan</prop>

<prop key="three">USA</prop>

<prop key="four">USA</prop>

</props>

</property>

</bean>

</beans>

创建源代码和bean配置文件完成后,让我们运行应用程序。如果应用程序一切顺利,这将打印以下信息:

List Elements :[INDIA, Pakistan, USA, USA]

Set Elements :[INDIA, Pakistan, USA]

Map Elements :{1=INDIA, 2=Pakistan, 3=USA, 4=USA}

Property Elements :{two=Pakistan, one=INDIA, three=USA, four=USA}

注入Bean引用:

下面bean定义将帮助您了解如何注入bean的引用作为集合的元素之一。甚至可以混合引用和值都在一起,如下图所示:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

<!-- Bean Definition to handle references and values -->

<bean id="..." class="...">

<!-- Passing bean reference for java.util.List -->

<property name="addressList">

<list>

<ref bean="address1"/>

<ref bean="address2"/>

<value>Pakistan</value>

</list>

</property>

<!-- Passing bean reference for java.util.Set -->

<property name="addressSet">

<set>

<ref bean="address1"/>

<ref bean="address2"/>

<value>Pakistan</value>

</set>

</property>

<!-- Passing bean reference for java.util.Map -->

<property name="addressMap">

<map>

<entry key="one" value="INDIA"/>

<entry key ="two" value-ref="address1"/>

<entry key ="three" value-ref="address2"/>

</map>

</property>

</bean>

</beans>

使用上面的bean定义,需要定义这样一种方式,他们应该能够处理的参考,以及setter方法。

注入null和空字符串的值

如果需要传递一个空字符串作为值,如下所示:

<bean id="..." class="exampleBean">

<property name="email" value=""/>

</bean>

前面的例子等同于Java代码: exampleBean.setEmail("")

如果需要传递一个null值,如下所示:

<bean id="..." class="exampleBean">

<property name="email"><null/></property>

</bean>

前面的例子等同于Java代码:exampleBean.setEmail(null)

以上是 详解Java的Spring框架中bean的注入集合 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/p/208549.html

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