Python中如何用openpyxl进行图表处理

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：综合

python

在excel中找到许多行列等待处理的数据，替代传统低效率的人工操作，并且进行精简处理，这正是openpyx的受到众多好评的原因。想要了解如何用openpyxl进行图表处理，实例讲解如下：

openpyxl通过charts进行图表处理，这里在就强大图表处理功能进行下补充。各种图表都有如下：

以BarChart为例，在BarChart中，图表类型可以通过众多参数设置。

值被绘制为水平条或垂直列：通过将类型设置为COL或BAR，即可在垂直和水平条形图之间切换；当使用堆叠图时，重叠需要设置为100。可以通过chartObj.y_axis.title='Test_y'， chartObj.x_axis.title='Test_x' 设置坐标轴的属性；通过chartObj.type='col' （col为纵向,bar为横向），chartObj.title='Bar chart' 等来设置图表的属性等。

以下代码生成4种2D图表。

from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.chart import BarChart, Series, Reference
wb = Workbook(write_only=True)
ws = wb.create_sheet()
rows = [
    ('Number', 'Batch 1', 'Batch 2'),
    (2, 10, 30),
    (3, 40, 60),
    (4, 50, 70),
    (5, 20, 10),
    (6, 10, 40),
    (7, 50, 30),
]
for row in rows:
    ws.append(row)
chart1 = BarChart()
chart1.type = "col"
chart1.style = 10
chart1.title = "Bar Chart"
chart1.y_axis.title = 'Test number'
chart1.x_axis.title = 'Sample length (mm)'
data = Reference(ws, min_col=2, min_row=1, max_row=7, max_col=3)
cats = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=2, max_row=7)
chart1.add_data(data, titles_from_data=True)
chart1.set_categories(cats)
chart1.shape = 4
ws.add_chart(chart1, "A10")
from copy import deepcopy
chart2 = deepcopy(chart1)
chart2.style = 11
chart2.type = "bar"
chart2.title = "Horizontal Bar Chart"
ws.add_chart(chart2, "G10")
chart3 = deepcopy(chart1)
chart3.type = "col"
chart3.style = 12
chart3.grouping = "stacked"
chart3.overlap = 100
chart3.title = 'Stacked Chart'
ws.add_chart(chart3, "A27")
chart4 = deepcopy(chart1)
chart4.type = "bar"
chart4.style = 13
chart4.grouping = "percentStacked"
chart4.overlap = 100
chart4.title = 'Percent Stacked Chart'
ws.add_chart(chart4, "G27")
wb.save("bar.xlsx")

代码验证通过，效果如下:

以下代码生成3D图表。

from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.chart import (
    Reference,
    Series,
    BarChart3D,
)
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
rows = [
    (None, 2013, 2014),
    ("Apples", 5, 4),
    ("Oranges", 6, 2),
    ("Pears", 8, 3)
]
for row in rows:
    ws.append(row)
data = Reference(ws, min_col=2, min_row=1, max_col=3, max_row=4)
titles = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=2, max_row=4)
chart = BarChart3D()
chart.title = "3D Bar Chart"
chart.add_data(data=data, titles_from_data=True)
chart.set_categories(titles)
ws.add_chart(chart, "E5")
wb.save("bar3d.xlsx")