使用amoeba实现mysql读写分离

  • Z时代
  • 2024-01-10
  • 分类：综合

编程

转载马士兵连老师笔记

使用amoeba实现mysql读写分离

1、什么是amoeba？

Amoeba(变形虫)项目，专注 分布式数据库 proxy 开发。座落与Client、DB Server(s)之间。对客户端透明。具有负载均衡、高可用性、sql过滤、读写分离、可路由相关的query到目标数据库、可并发请求多台数据库合并结果。

主要解决：

• 降低 数据切分带来的复杂多数据库结构

• 提供切分规则并降低 数据切分规则 给应用带来的影响

• 降低db 与客户端的连接数

• 读写分离

2、为什么要用Amoeba

目前要实现mysql的主从读写分离，主要有以下几种方案：

1、 通过程序实现，网上很多现成的代码，比较复杂，如果添加从服务器要更改多台服务器的代码。

2、 通过mysql-proxy来实现，由于mysql-proxy的主从读写分离是通过lua脚本来实现，目前lua的脚本的开发跟不上节奏，而写没有完美的现成的脚本，因此导致用于生产环境的话风险比较大，据网上很多人说mysql-proxy的性能不高。

3、 自己开发接口实现，这种方案门槛高，开发成本高，不是一般的小公司能承担得起。

4、 利用阿里巴巴的开源项目Amoeba来实现，具有负载均衡、高可用性、sql过滤、读写分离、可路由相关的query到目标数据库，并且安装配置非常简单。国产的开源软件，应该支持，目前正在使用，不发表太多结论，一切等测试完再发表结论吧，哈哈！

3、amoeba安装

1、首先安装jdk，直接使用rpm包安装即可

2、下载amoeba对应的版本https://sourceforge.net/projects/amoeba/，直接解压即可

3、配置amoeba的配置文件

dbServers.xml

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="gbk"?>
​
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:dbServers SYSTEM "dbserver.dtd">
<amoeba:dbServersxmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/">
​
<!-- 
Each dbServer needs to be configured into a Pool,
If you need to configure multiple dbServer with load balancing that can be simplified by the following configu
ration: add attribute with name virtual = "true" in dbServer, but the configuration does not allow the element with n
ame factoryConfig such as "multiPool" dbServer   
-->
<dbServername="abstractServer"abstractive="true">
<factoryConfigclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlServerConnectionFactory">
<propertyname="connectionManager">${defaultManager}</property>
<propertyname="sendBufferSize">64</property>
<propertyname="receiveBufferSize">128</property>
<!-- mysql port -->
<propertyname="port">3306</property>
<!-- mysql schema -->
<propertyname="schema">msb</property>
<!-- mysql user -->
<propertyname="user">root</property>
<propertyname="password">123456</property>
</factoryConfig>
​
<poolConfigclass="com.meidusa.toolkit.common.poolable.PoolableObjectPool">
<propertyname="maxActive">500</property>
<propertyname="maxIdle">500</property>
<propertyname="minIdle">1</property>
<propertyname="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis">600000</property>
<propertyname="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis">600000</property>
<propertyname="testOnBorrow">true</property>
<propertyname="testOnReturn">true</property>
<propertyname="testWhileIdle">true</property>
</poolConfig>
</dbServer>
​
<dbServername="writedb"  parent="abstractServer">
<factoryConfig>
<!-- mysql ip -->
<propertyname="ipAddress">192.168.85.11</property>
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
<dbServername="slave"  parent="abstractServer">
<factoryConfig>
<!-- mysql ip -->
<propertyname="ipAddress">192.168.85.12</property>
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
<dbServername="myslave"virtual="true">
<poolConfigclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool">
<!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA-->
<propertyname="loadbalance">1</property>
<!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 -->
<propertyname="poolNames">slave</property>
</poolConfig>
</dbServer>
</amoeba:dbServers>

amoeba.xml

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="gbk"?>
​
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:configuration SYSTEM "amoeba.dtd">
<amoeba:configurationxmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/">
​
<proxy>
<!-- service class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service -->
<servicename="Amoeba for Mysql"class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MySQLService">
<!-- port -->
<propertyname="port">8066</property>
<!-- bind ipAddress -->
<!-- 
<property name="ipAddress">127.0.0.1</property>
-->
<propertyname="connectionFactory">
<beanclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlClientConnectionFactory">
<propertyname="sendBufferSize">128</property>
<propertyname="receiveBufferSize">64</property>
</bean>
</property>
<propertyname="authenticateProvider">
<beanclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator">
<propertyname="user">root</property>
<propertyname="password">123456</property>
<propertyname="filter">
<beanclass="com.meidusa.toolkit.net.authenticate.server.IPAccessController">
<propertyname="ipFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/access_list.conf</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</property>
</service>
<runtimeclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.context.MysqlRuntimeContext">
<!-- proxy server client process thread size -->
<propertyname="executeThreadSize">128</property>
<!-- per connection cache prepared statement size  -->
<propertyname="statementCacheSize">500</property>
<!-- default charset -->
<propertyname="serverCharset">utf8</property>
<!-- query timeout( default: 60 second , TimeUnit:second) -->
<propertyname="queryTimeout">60</property>
</runtime>
</proxy>
<!-- 
Each ConnectionManager will start as thread
manager responsible for the Connection IO read , Death Detection
-->
<connectionManagerList>
<connectionManagername="defaultManager"class="com.meidusa.toolkit.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper">
<propertyname="subManagerClassName">com.meidusa.toolkit.net.AuthingableConnectionManager</property>
</connectionManager>
</connectionManagerList>
<!-- default using file loader -->
<dbServerLoaderclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.context.DBServerConfigFileLoader">
<propertyname="configFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/dbServers.xml</property>
</dbServerLoader>
<queryRouterclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.parser.MysqlQueryRouter">
<propertyname="ruleLoader">
<beanclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.route.TableRuleFileLoader">
<propertyname="ruleFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/rule.xml</property>
<propertyname="functionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml</property>
</bean>
</property>
<propertyname="sqlFunctionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/functionMap.xml</property>
<propertyname="LRUMapSize">1500</property>
<propertyname="defaultPool">writedb</property>
<propertyname="writePool">writedb</property>
<propertyname="readPool">myslave</property>
<propertyname="needParse">true</property>
</queryRouter>
</amoeba:configuration>

4、启动amoeba

/root/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/launcher

4、测试amoeba

--测试的sql
--在安装amoeba的服务器上登录mysql
mysql -h192.168.85.13 -uroot -p123 -P8066
--分别在master、slave、amoeba上登录mysql
use msb
select * from user;
--在amoeba上插入数据
insertinto user values(2,2);
--在master和slave上分别查看表中的数据
select * from user;
--将master上的mysql服务停止，继续插入数据会发现插入不成功，但是能够查询
--将master上的msyql服务开启，停止slave上的mysql，发现插入成功，但是不能够查询

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