源码分析Dubbo服务提供者启动流程下篇

编程

本文继续上文Dubbo服务提供者启动流程,在上篇文章中详细梳理了基于dubbo spring文件的配置方式,Dubbo是如何加载配置文件,服务提供者dubbo:service标签服务暴露全流程,本节重点关注RegistryProtocol#export中调用doLocalExport方法,其实主要是根据各自协议,服务提供者建立网络服务器,在特定端口建立监听,监听来自消息消费端服务的请求。

RegistryProtocol#doLocalExport:

private <t> ExporterChangeableWrapper<t> doLocalExport(final Invoker<t> originInvoker) {

String key = getCacheKey(originInvoker);

ExporterChangeableWrapper<t> exporter = (ExporterChangeableWrapper<t>) bounds.get(key);

if (exporter == null) {

synchronized (bounds) {

exporter = (ExporterChangeableWrapper<t>) bounds.get(key);

if (exporter == null) {

final Invoker<!--?--> invokerDelegete = new InvokerDelegete<t>(originInvoker, getProviderUrl(originInvoker)); // @1

exporter = new ExporterChangeableWrapper<t>((Exporter<t>) protocol.export(invokerDelegete), originInvoker); // @2

bounds.put(key, exporter);

}

}

}

return exporter;

}

代码@1:如果服务提供者以dubbo协议暴露服务,getProviderUrl(originInvoker)返回的URL将以dubbo://开头。

代码@2:根据Dubbo内置的SPI机制,将调用DubboProtocol#export方法。

1、源码分析DubboProtocol#export

public <t> Exporter<t> export(Invoker<t> invoker) throws RpcException {

URL url = invoker.getUrl(); // @1

// export service.

String key = serviceKey(url); // @2

DubboExporter<t> exporter = new DubboExporter<t>(invoker, key, exporterMap);

exporterMap.put(key, exporter);

//export an stub service for dispatching event

Boolean isStubSupportEvent = url.getParameter(Constants.STUB_EVENT_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_STUB_EVENT); //@3 start

Boolean isCallbackservice = url.getParameter(Constants.IS_CALLBACK_SERVICE, false);

if (isStubSupportEvent &amp;&amp; !isCallbackservice) {

String stubServiceMethods = url.getParameter(Constants.STUB_EVENT_METHODS_KEY);

if (stubServiceMethods == null || stubServiceMethods.length() == 0) {

if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {

logger.warn(new IllegalStateException("consumer [" + url.getParameter(Constants.INTERFACE_KEY) +

"], has set stubproxy support event ,but no stub methods founded."));

}

} else {

stubServiceMethodsMap.put(url.getServiceKey(), stubServiceMethods);

}

} // @3 end

openServer(url); // @4

optimizeSerialization(url); // @5

return exporter;

}

代码@1:获取服务提供者URL,以协议名称,这里是dubbo://开头。

代码@2:从服务提供者URL中获取服务名,key: interface:port,例如:com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService:20880。

代码@3:是否将转发事件导出成stub。

代码@4:根据url打开服务,下面将详细分析其实现。

代码@5:根据url优化器序列化方式。

2、源码分析DubboProtocol#openServer

private void openServer(URL url) {

// find server.

String key = url.getAddress(); // @1

//client can export a service which"s only for server to invoke

boolean isServer = url.getParameter(Constants.IS_SERVER_KEY, true);

if (isServer) {

ExchangeServer server = serverMap.get(key); // @2

if (server == null) {

serverMap.put(key, createServer(url)); //@3

} else {

// server supports reset, use together with override

server.reset(url); //@4

}

}

}

代码@1:根据url获取网络地址:ip:port,例如:192.168.56.1:20880,服务提供者IP与暴露服务端口号。

代码@2:根据key从服务器缓存中获取,如果存在,则执行代码@4,如果不存在,则执行代码@3.

代码@3:根据URL创建一服务器,Dubbo服务提供者服务器实现类为ExchangeServer。

代码@4:如果服务器已经存在,用当前URL重置服务器,这个不难理解,因为一个Dubbo服务中,会存在多个dubbo:service标签,这些标签都会在服务台提供者的同一个IP地址、端口号上暴露服务。

2.1 源码分析DubboProtocol#createServer

private ExchangeServer createServer(URL url) {

// send readonly event when server closes, it"s enabled by default

url = url.addParameterIfAbsent(Constants.CHANNEL_READONLYEVENT_SENT_KEY, Boolean.TRUE.toString()); // @1

// enable heartbeat by default

url = url.addParameterIfAbsent(Constants.HEARTBEAT_KEY, String.valueOf(Constants.DEFAULT_HEARTBEAT)); // @2

String str = url.getParameter(Constants.SERVER_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_REMOTING_SERVER); // @3

if (str != null &amp;&amp; str.length() &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; !ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(Transporter.class).hasExtension(str)) // @4

throw new RpcException("Unsupported server type: " + str + ", url: " + url);

url = url.addParameter(Constants.CODEC_KEY, DubboCodec.NAME); // @5

ExchangeServer server;

try {

server = Exchangers.bind(url, requestHandler); // @6

} catch (RemotingException e) {

throw new RpcException("Fail to start server(url: " + url + ") " + e.getMessage(), e);

}

str = url.getParameter(Constants.CLIENT_KEY); //@7

if (str != null &amp;&amp; str.length() &gt; 0) {

Set<string> supportedTypes = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(Transporter.class).getSupportedExtensions();

if (!supportedTypes.contains(str)) {

throw new RpcException("Unsupported client type: " + str);

}

}

return server;

}

代码@1:为服务提供者url增加channel.readonly.sent属性,默认为true,表示在发送请求时,是否等待将字节写入socket后再返回,默认为true。

代码@2:为服务提供者url增加heartbeat属性,表示心跳间隔时间,默认为60*1000,表示60s。

代码@3:为服务提供者url增加server属性,可选值为netty,mina等等,默认为netty。

代码@4:根据SPI机制,判断server属性是否支持。

代码@5:为服务提供者url增加codec属性,默认值为dubbo,协议编码方式。

代码@6:根据服务提供者URI,服务提供者命令请求处理器requestHandler构建ExchangeServer实例。requestHandler的实现具体在以后详细分析Dubbo服务调用时再详细分析。

代码@7:验证客户端类型是否可用。

2.1.1 源码分析Exchangers.bind 根据URL、ExchangeHandler构建服务器

public static ExchangeServer bind(URL url, ExchangeHandler handler) throws RemotingException {

if (url == null) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException("url == null");

}

if (handler == null) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException("handler == null");

}

url = url.addParameterIfAbsent(Constants.CODEC_KEY, "exchange");

return getExchanger(url).bind(url, handler);

}

上述代码不难看出,首先根据url获取Exchanger实例,然后调用bind方法构建ExchangeServer,Exchanger接口如下

  • ExchangeServer bind(URL url, ExchangeHandler handler) : 服务提供者调用。
  • ExchangeClient connect(URL url, ExchangeHandler handler):服务消费者调用。

dubbo提供的实现类为:HeaderExchanger,其bind方法如下:

HeaderExchanger#bind

public ExchangeServer bind(URL url, ExchangeHandler handler) throws RemotingException {

return new HeaderExchangeServer(Transporters.bind(url, new DecodeHandler(new HeaderExchangeHandler(handler))));

}

从这里可以看出,端口的绑定由Transporters的bind方法实现。

2.1.2 源码分析Transporters.bind方法

public static Server bind(URL url, ChannelHandler... handlers) throws RemotingException {

if (url == null) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException("url == null");

}

if (handlers == null || handlers.length == 0) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException("handlers == null");

}

ChannelHandler handler;

if (handlers.length == 1) {

handler = handlers[0];

} else {

handler = new ChannelHandlerDispatcher(handlers);

}

return getTransporter().bind(url, handler);

}

public static Transporter getTransporter() {

return ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(Transporter.class).getAdaptiveExtension();

}

从这里得知,Dubbo网络传输的接口有Transporter接口实现,其继承类图所示:

本文以netty版本来查看一下Transporter实现。

NettyTransporter源码如下:

public class NettyTransporter implements Transporter {

public static final String NAME = "netty";

@Override

public Server bind(URL url, ChannelHandler listener) throws RemotingException {

return new NettyServer(url, listener);

}

@Override

public Client connect(URL url, ChannelHandler listener) throws RemotingException {

return new NettyClient(url, listener);

}

}

NettyServer建立网络连接的实现方法为:

protected void doOpen() throws Throwable {

NettyHelper.setNettyLoggerFactory();

ExecutorService boss = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(new NamedThreadFactory("NettyServerBoss", true));

ExecutorService worker = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(new NamedThreadFactory("NettyServerWorker", true));

ChannelFactory channelFactory = new NioServerSocketChannelFactory(boss, worker, getUrl().getPositiveParameter(Constants.IO_THREADS_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_IO_THREADS));

bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(channelFactory);

final NettyHandler nettyHandler = new NettyHandler(getUrl(), this); // @1

channels = nettyHandler.getChannels();

// https://issues.jboss.org/browse/NETTY-365

// https://issues.jboss.org/browse/NETTY-379

// final Timer timer = new HashedWheelTimer(new NamedThreadFactory("NettyIdleTimer", true));

bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new ChannelPipelineFactory() {

@Override

public ChannelPipeline getPipeline() {

NettyCodecAdapter adapter = new NettyCodecAdapter(getCodec(), getUrl(), NettyServer.this);

ChannelPipeline pipeline = Channels.pipeline();

/*int idleTimeout = getIdleTimeout();

if (idleTimeout &gt; 10000) {

pipeline.addLast("timer", new IdleStateHandler(timer, idleTimeout / 1000, 0, 0));

}*/

pipeline.addLast("decoder", adapter.getDecoder());

pipeline.addLast("encoder", adapter.getEncoder());

pipeline.addLast("handler", nettyHandler); // @2

return pipeline;

}

});

// bind

channel = bootstrap.bind(getBindAddress());

}

熟悉本方法需要具备Netty的知识,有关源码:阅读Netty系列文章,这里不对每一行代码进行解读,对于与网络相关的参数,将在后续文章中详细讲解,本方法@1、@2引起了我的注意,首先创建NettyServer必须传入一个服务提供者URL,但从DubboProtocol#createServer中可以看出,Server是基于网络套接字(ip:port)缓存的,一个JVM应用中,必然会存在多个dubbo:server标签,就会有多个URL,这里为什么可以这样做呢?从DubboProtocol#createServer中可以看出,在解析第二个dubbo:service标签时并不会调用createServer,而是会调用Server#reset方法,是不是这个方法有什么魔法,在reset方法时能将URL也注册到Server上,那接下来分析NettyServer#reset方法是如何实现的。

2.2源码分析DdubboProtocol#reset

reset方法最终将用Server的reset方法,同样还是以netty版本的NettyServer为例,查看reset方法的实现原理。NettyServer#reset--->父类(AbstractServer)

AbstractServer#reset

public void reset(URL url) {

if (url == null) {

return;

}

try { // @1 start

if (url.hasParameter(Constants.ACCEPTS_KEY)) {

int a = url.getParameter(Constants.ACCEPTS_KEY, 0);

if (a &gt; 0) {

this.accepts = a;

}

}

} catch (Throwable t) {

logger.error(t.getMessage(), t);

}

try {

if (url.hasParameter(Constants.IDLE_TIMEOUT_KEY)) {

int t = url.getParameter(Constants.IDLE_TIMEOUT_KEY, 0);

if (t &gt; 0) {

this.idleTimeout = t;

}

}

} catch (Throwable t) {

logger.error(t.getMessage(), t);

}

try {

if (url.hasParameter(Constants.THREADS_KEY)

&amp;&amp; executor instanceof ThreadPoolExecutor &amp;&amp; !executor.isShutdown()) {

ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor = (ThreadPoolExecutor) executor;

int threads = url.getParameter(Constants.THREADS_KEY, 0);

int max = threadPoolExecutor.getMaximumPoolSize();

int core = threadPoolExecutor.getCorePoolSize();

if (threads &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; (threads != max || threads != core)) {

if (threads &lt; core) {

threadPoolExecutor.setCorePoolSize(threads);

if (core == max) {

threadPoolExecutor.setMaximumPoolSize(threads);

}

} else {

threadPoolExecutor.setMaximumPoolSize(threads);

if (core == max) {

threadPoolExecutor.setCorePoolSize(threads);

}

}

}

}

} catch (Throwable t) {

logger.error(t.getMessage(), t);

} // @1 end

super.setUrl(getUrl().addParameters(url.getParameters())); // @2

}

代码@1:首先是调整线程池的相关线程数量,这个好理解。、

代码@2:然后设置调用setUrl覆盖原先NettyServer的private volatile URL url的属性,那为什么不会影响原先注册的dubbo:server呢?

原来NettyHandler上加了注解:@Sharable,由该注解去实现线程安全。

Dubbo服务提供者启动流程将分析到这里了,本文并未对网络细节进行详细分析,旨在梳理出启动流程,有关Dubbo服务网络实现原理将在后续章节中详细分析,敬请期待。


作者介绍:丁威,《RocketMQ技术内幕》作者,RocketMQ 社区布道师,公众号:中间件兴趣圈 维护者,目前已陆续发表源码分析Java集合、Java 并发包(JUC)、Netty、Mycat、Dubbo、RocketMQ、Mybatis等源码专栏。可以点击链接:中间件知识星球,一起探讨高并发、分布式服务架构,交流源码。

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