javaWeb使用验证码实现简单登录

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：综合

本文实例为大家分享了javaWeb使用验证码实现简单登录的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

简单的流程图

1.用户给第一次访问login.jsp页面时，会想服务器发送两个请求，一个请求是显示图片，还有一个是显示表单

2.第一个请求发送后服务器中verifyServlet处理，随机生成验证码图片，并保存到session中，然后响应给客户端

3.第二个请求后服务器LoginServlet处理，获取表单验证码，以及session中的验证码，再判断两个验证码是否相等，相等就向下执行即 success.jsp，否则跳转到login.jsp页面

1.创建login.jsp


<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
 <head>
 <base href="<%=basePath%>" rel="external nofollow" >
 <title>My JSP 'login.jsp' starting page</title>
 <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
 <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
 <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> 
 <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
 <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
 <!--
 <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css" rel="external nofollow" >
 -->
 </head>
 <body>
 <%--本页面提供登录表单,还有显示错误信息 --%>
 <h1>登录</h1> 
 <%
 //读取uname的cookie
 String uname="";
 Cookie[] cs=request.getCookies();
 if(cs!=null){
 for(Cookie c:cs){
 if("uname".equals(c.getName())){
 uname=c.getValue();
 }
 }
 }
 %>
 <%
 String message="";
 String msg=(String)request.getAttribute("msg");
 if(msg!=null){
 message=msg;
 }
 %>
 <font color="red"><b><%=message %></b></font>
 <form action="/ServletDemo2/LoginServlet1" method="post">
 用户名：<input type="text" name="username" value=<%=uname %> /><br>
 密 码：<input type="password" name="pawword" /><br>
 验证码:<input type="text" name="verifycode" size="3">
 <img src="/ServletDemo2/VerifyServlet" >
 <!-- <a href="javascript:_change()" rel="external nofollow" >换一张</a> -->
 <input type="submit" value="登录" />
 </form>
 </body>
</html>

2.success.jsp(只是简单的展示)


<body>
 <h1>succ1</h1>
 <%
 String username=(String)session.getAttribute("username");
 if(username==null){
 /*
 向request域中保存错误信息，转发到login.jsp
 */
 request.setAttribute("msg", "请先登录再访问");
 request.getRequestDispatcher("/session2/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
 return;
 }
 %>
 欢迎登陆成功<%=username %>
 </body>

3.然后是VerifyServlet


 package com.klay.servlet.session;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.klay.image.VerifyCode;
/**
 * Servlet implementation class VerifyServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/VerifyServlet")
public class VerfiyServlet extends HttpServlet
{
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
 VerifyCode vc = new VerifyCode();
 BufferedImage image = vc.getImage();
 request.getSession().setAttribute("session_vcode", vc.getText());// 保存图片上的文本到session
 VerifyCode.output(image, response.getOutputStream());
 }
}

4.LoginServlet


package com.klay.servlet.session;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet
{
 /**
 * @Fields serialVersionUID : TODO(用一句话描述这个变量表示什么)
 */
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 @Override
 protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
  throws ServletException, IOException
 {
 /**
  * 获取校验码
  */
 String sessionCode = (String) req.getSession()
  .getAttribute("session_vcode");
 String paraCode = req.getParameter("verifycode");
 if (!paraCode.equalsIgnoreCase(sessionCode))
 {
  req.setAttribute("msg", "验证码错误");
  req.getRequestDispatcher("/session2/login.jsp").forward(req, resp);
  // return是这里执行完，就不玩下执行了。
  return;
 }
 /**
  * 获取表单信息
  */
 req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
 String username = req.getParameter("username");
 String password = req.getParameter("password");
 /**
  * 校验用户名和密码
  */
 if (!"kevin".equalsIgnoreCase(username))// 成功
 {
  Cookie cookie = new Cookie("uname", username);
  resp.addCookie(cookie);
  /*
  * 成功就保存用户信息到session，并重定向succ1.jsp
  */
  HttpSession session = req.getSession();
  session.setAttribute("username", username);
  resp.sendRedirect("/ServletDemo2/session2/succ1.jsp");
 }
 else
 {// 失败
  // 如果失败，保存错误信息到requset，转发到login.jsp
  // (服务器内部跳转只有一个request请求，重定向会有新的request，就不能获取错误信息)
  req.setAttribute("msg", "用户名或密码错误");
  RequestDispatcher rd = req
   .getRequestDispatcher("/session2/login.jsp");
  rd.forward(req, resp);// 转发
 }
 }
}