Django Admin中增加导出Excel功能过程解析

在使用Django Admin时, 对于列表我们有时需要提供数据导出功能, 如下图:

增加导出Excel功能

在Django Admin中每个模型的Admin类(继承至admin.ModelAdmin), 我们可以通过actions增加支持的动作, 值为当前类存在的方法名, 例如:

.......

@admin.register(Issue)

class IssueAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

......

actions = ['export_as_excel'] # 增加动作, 对应相应的方法名

def export_as_csv(self, request, queryset): # 具体的导出csv方法的实现

pass

export_as_excel.short_description = '导出Excel' # 该动作在admin中的显示文字

导出Excel方法详细实现如下:

from openpyxl import Workbook

....

def export_as_excel(self, request, queryset):

meta = self.model._meta # 用于定义文件名, 格式为: app名.模型类名

field_names = [field.name for field in meta.fields] # 模型所有字段名

response = HttpResponse(content_type='application/msexcel') # 定义响应内容类型

response['Content-Disposition'] = f'attachment; filename={meta}.xlsx' # 定义响应数据格式

wb = Workbook() # 新建Workbook

ws = wb.active # 使用当前活动的Sheet表

ws.append(field_names) # 将模型字段名作为标题写入第一行

for obj in queryset: # 遍历选择的对象列表

for field in field_names:

data = [f'{getattr(obj, field)}' for field in field_names] # 将模型属性值的文本格式组成列表

row = ws.append(data) # 写入模型属性值

wb.save(response) # 将数据存入响应内容

return response

由于导出Excel动作可以作为各个模型的通用动作, 我们可以封装成一个Mixin类使用, 完整代码如下:

from openpyxl import Workbook

from django.contrib import admin

from django.http import HttpResponse

from .models import Issue

class ExportExcelMixin(object):

def export_as_excel(self, request, queryset):

meta = self.model._meta

field_names = [field.name for field in meta.fields]

response = HttpResponse(content_type='application/msexcel')

response['Content-Disposition'] = f'attachment; filename={meta}.xlsx'

wb = Workbook()

ws = wb.active

ws.append(field_names)

for obj in queryset:

for field in field_names:

data = [f'{getattr(obj, field)}' for field in field_names]

row = ws.append(data)

wb.save(response)

return response

export_as_excel.short_description = '导出Excel'

@admin.register(Issue)

class IssueAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin, ExportCsvMixin):

fields = ('key', 'summary', 'status', 'project',

'origin', 'components', 'prj_level', 'prj_category',

'assignee', 'origin_person', 'pm', 'dev_manager', 'test_manager', 'tester', 'fe_dev', 'backend_dev',

'plan_begin', 'plan_end', 'fe_plan_begin', 'fe_plan_end', 'test_plan_begin',

'test_plan_end', 'backend_plan_begin', 'backend_plan_end',

'created', 'reopen', 'prd_begin', 'prd_end', 'dev_begin', 'dev_end',

'test_begin', 'test_end', 'pm_check', 'ready', 'pause', 'done',

'pm_take', 'dev_take', 'test_take', 'total_take',

'tags',

)

readonly_fields = fields

list_display = ('key', 'summary', 'status', 'origin', 'components', 'created', 'visit')

list_filter = ('origin', 'components', 'status', 'tags')

search_fields = ('key', 'summary')

date_hierarchy = 'created'

actions = ['export_as_excel']

以上是 Django Admin中增加导出Excel功能过程解析 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/z/323625.html

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