SpringBoot+WebMagic+MyBaties实现爬虫和数据入库的示例
WebMagic是一个开源爬虫框架，本项目通过在SpringBoot项目中使用WebMagic去抓取数据，最后使用MyBatis将数据入库。
本项目代码地址：ArticleCrawler: SrpingBoot+WebMagic+MyBaties实现爬虫和数据入库 (gitee.com)
创建数据库：
本示例中库名为article，表名为cms_content，表中包含contentId、title、date三个字段。
CREATE TABLE `cms_content` (
`contentId` varchar(40) NOT NULL COMMENT '内容ID',
`title` varchar(150) NOT NULL COMMENT '标题',
`date` varchar(150) NOT NULL COMMENT '发布日期',
PRIMARY KEY (`contentId`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='CMS内容表';
新建SpringBoot项目：
1、配置依赖pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.5.5</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>Article</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Article</name>
<description>Article</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.test.skip>true</maven.test.skip>
<maven.compiler.plugin.version>3.8.1</maven.compiler.plugin.version>
<maven.resources.plugin.version>3.1.0</maven.resources.plugin.version>
<mysql.connector.version>5.1.47</mysql.connector.version>
<druid.spring.boot.starter.version>1.1.17</druid.spring.boot.starter.version>
<mybatis.spring.boot.starter.version>1.3.4</mybatis.spring.boot.starter.version>
<fastjson.version>1.2.58</fastjson.version>
<commons.lang3.version>3.9</commons.lang3.version>
<joda.time.version>2.10.2</joda.time.version>
<webmagic.core.version>0.7.5</webmagic.core.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.connector.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${druid.spring.boot.starter.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.spring.boot.starter.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>${fastjson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>${commons.lang3.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>joda-time</groupId>
<artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
<version>${joda.time.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>us.codecraft</groupId>
<artifactId>webmagic-core</artifactId>
<version>${webmagic.core.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven.compiler.plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<source>${java.version}</source>
<target>${java.version}</target>
<encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven.resources.plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<fork>true</fork>
<addResources>true</addResources>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>repackage</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>public</id>
<name>aliyun nexus</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>public</id>
<name>aliyun nexus</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</project>
2、创建CmsContentPO.java
数据实体，和表中3个字段对应。
package site.exciter.article.model;
public class CmsContentPO {
private String contentId;
private String title;
private String date;
public String getContentId() {
return contentId;
}
public void setContentId(String contentId) {
this.contentId = contentId;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public String getDate() {
return date;
}
public void setDate(String date) {
this.date = date;
}
}
3、创建CrawlerMapper.java
package site.exciter.article.dao;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import site.exciter.article.model.CmsContentPO;
@Mapper
public interface CrawlerMapper {
int addCmsContent(CmsContentPO record);
}
4、配置映射文件CrawlerMapper.xml
在resources下新建mapper文件夹，在mapper下创建CrawlerMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="site.exciter.article.dao.CrawlerMapper">
<insert id="addCmsContent" parameterType="site.exciter.article.model.CmsContentPO">
insert into cms_content (contentId,
title,
date)
values (#{contentId,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
#{title,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
#{date,jdbcType=VARCHAR})
</insert>
</mapper>
5、配置application.properties
配置数据库和mybatis映射关系。
# mysql
spring.datasource.name=mysql
spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://10.201.61.184:3306/article?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&allowMultiQueries=true
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
# druid
spring.datasource.druid.initial-size=5
spring.datasource.druid.min-idle=5
spring.datasource.druid.max-active=10
spring.datasource.druid.max-wait=60000
spring.datasource.druid.validation-query=SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
spring.datasource.druid.test-on-borrow=false
spring.datasource.druid.test-on-return=false
spring.datasource.druid.test-while-idle=true
spring.datasource.druid.time-between-eviction-runs-millis=60000
spring.datasource.druid.min-evictable-idle-time-millis=300000
spring.datasource.druid.max-evictable-idle-time-millis=600000
# mybatis
mybatis.mapperLocations=classpath:mapper/CrawlerMapper.xml
6、创建ArticlePageProcessor.java
解析html的逻辑。
package site.exciter.article;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.Page;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.Site;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.processor.PageProcessor;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.selector.Selectable;
@Component
public class ArticlePageProcessor implements PageProcessor {
private Site site = Site.me().setRetryTimes(3).setSleepTime(1000);
@Override
public void process(Page page) {
String detail_urls_Xpath = "//*[@class='postTitle']/a[@class='postTitle2']/@href";
String next_page_xpath = "//*[@id='nav_next_page']/a/@href";
String next_page_css = "#homepage_top_pager > div:nth-child(1) > a:nth-child(7)";
String title_xpath = "//h1[@class='postTitle']/a/span/text()";
String date_xpath = "//span[@id='post-date']/text()";
page.putField("title", page.getHtml().xpath(title_xpath).toString());
if (page.getResultItems().get("title") == null) {
page.setSkip(true);
}
page.putField("date", page.getHtml().xpath(date_xpath).toString());
if (page.getHtml().xpath(detail_urls_Xpath).match()) {
Selectable detailUrls = page.getHtml().xpath(detail_urls_Xpath);
page.addTargetRequests(detailUrls.all());
}
if (page.getHtml().xpath(next_page_xpath).match()) {
Selectable nextPageUrl = page.getHtml().xpath(next_page_xpath);
page.addTargetRequests(nextPageUrl.all());
} else if (page.getHtml().css(next_page_css).match()) {
Selectable nextPageUrl = page.getHtml().css(next_page_css).links();
page.addTargetRequests(nextPageUrl.all());
}
}
@Override
public Site getSite() {
return site;
}
}
7、创建ArticlePipeline.java
处理数据的持久化。
package site.exciter.article;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import site.exciter.article.model.CmsContentPO;
import site.exciter.article.dao.CrawlerMapper;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.ResultItems;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.Task;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.pipeline.Pipeline;
import java.util.UUID;
@Component
public class ArticlePipeline implements Pipeline {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ArticlePipeline.class);
@Autowired
private CrawlerMapper crawlerMapper;
public void process(ResultItems resultItems, Task task) {
String title = resultItems.get("title");
String date = resultItems.get("date");
CmsContentPO contentPO = new CmsContentPO();
contentPO.setContentId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
contentPO.setTitle(title);
contentPO.setDate(date);
try {
boolean success = crawlerMapper.addCmsContent(contentPO) > 0;
LOGGER.info("保存成功：{}", title);
} catch (Exception ex) {
LOGGER.error("保存失败", ex);
}
}
}
8、创建ArticleTask.java
执行抓取任务。
package site.exciter.article;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.Spider;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Component
public class ArticleTask {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ArticlePipeline.class);
@Autowired
private ArticlePipeline articlePipeline;
@Autowired
private ArticlePageProcessor articlePageProcessor;
private ScheduledExecutorService timer = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
public void crawl() {
// 定时任务，每10分钟爬取一次
timer.scheduleWithFixedDelay(() -> {
Thread.currentThread().setName("ArticleCrawlerThread");
try {
Spider.create(articlePageProcessor)
.addUrl("http://www.cnblogs.com/dick159/default.html?page=2")
// 抓取到的数据存数据库
.addPipeline(articlePipeline)
// 开启5个线程抓取
.thread(5)
// 异步启动爬虫
.start();
} catch (Exception ex) {
LOGGER.error("定时抓取数据线程执行异常", ex);
}
}, 0, 10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
}
}
9、修改Application
package site.exciter.article;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan(basePackages = "site.exciter.article.interface")
public class ArticleApplication implements CommandLineRunner {
@Autowired
private ArticleTask articleTask;
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ArticleApplication.class, args);
}
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
articleTask.crawl();
}
}
10、执行application，开始抓数据并入库
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