Java中JMM与volatile关键字的学习

目录

• JMM
• volatile关键字

• 可见性与原子性测试

• 单例模式的安全问题

• CAS底层原理
• CAS缺点
• ABA问题

class MyData{
    int number=0;
    //volatile int number=0;
    AtomicInteger atomicInteger=new AtomicInteger();
    public void setTo60(){
        this.number=60;
    }
    //此时number前面已经加了volatile，但是不保证原子性
    public void addPlusPlus(){
        number++;
    }
    public void addAtomic(){
        atomicInteger.getAndIncrement();
    }
}
//volatile可以保证可见性，及时通知其它线程主物理内存的值已被修改
private static void volatileVisibilityDemo() {
    System.out.println("可见性测试");
    MyData myData=new MyData();//资源类
    //启动一个线程操作共享数据
    new Thread(()->{
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t come in");
        try {TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);myData.setTo60();
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t update number value: "+myData.number);}catch (InterruptedException e){e.printStackTrace();}
    },"AAA").start();
    while (myData.number==0){
     //main线程持有共享数据的拷贝，一直为0
    }
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t mission is over. main get number value: "+myData.number);
}

getfield        //读
iconst_1	//++常量1
iadd		//加操作
putfield	//写操作

private static void atomicDemo() {
    System.out.println("原子性测试");
    MyData myData=new MyData();
    for (int i = 1; i <= 20; i++) {
        new Thread(()->{
            for (int j = 0; j <1000 ; j++) {
                myData.addPlusPlus();
                myData.addAtomic();
            }
        },String.valueOf(i)).start();
    }
    while (Thread.activeCount()>2){
        Thread.yield();
    }
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t int type finally number value: "+myData.number);
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t AtomicInteger type finally number value: "+myData.atomicInteger);
}

原子性测试
main	 int type finally number value: 17542
main	 AtomicInteger type finally number value: 20000

int x = 11; //语句1
int y = 12; //语句2
x = x + 5;  //语句3
y = x * x;  //语句4

public class SingletonDemo {
    private static SingletonDemo singletonDemo=null;
    private SingletonDemo(){
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t 我是构造方法");
    }
    //DCL模式 Double Check Lock 双端检索机制：在加锁前后都进行判断
    public static SingletonDemo getInstance(){
        if (singletonDemo==null){
            synchronized (SingletonDemo.class){
                 if (singletonDemo==null){
                     singletonDemo=new SingletonDemo();
                 }
            }
        }
        return singletonDemo;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                SingletonDemo.getInstance();
            },String.valueOf(i+1)).start();
        }
    }
}

memory = allocate();     //1.分配内存
instance(memory);	 //2.初始化对象
instance = memory;	 //3.设置引用地址

public class CASDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AtomicInteger atomicInteger=new AtomicInteger(5);
        System.out.println(atomicInteger.compareAndSet(5, 2021)+"\t current data : "+ atomicInteger.get());
        //修改失败
        System.out.println(atomicInteger.compareAndSet(5, 1024)+"\t current data : "+ atomicInteger.get());
    }
}

public final int getAndIncrement(){
    return unsafe.getAndAddInt(this,valueOffset,1);
}

public final int getAnddAddInt(Object var1,long var2,int var4){
    int var5;
    do{
        var5 = this.getIntVolatile(var1, var2);
    } while(!this.compareAndSwapInt(var1, var2, var5, var5 + var4));
    return var5;
}

User user1 = new User("Jack",25);
User user2 = new User("Lucy",21);
AtomicReference<User> atomicReference = new AtomicReference<>();
atomicReference.set(user1);
System.out.println(atomicReference.compareAndSet(user1,user2)); // true
System.out.println(atomicReference.compareAndSet(user1,user2)); //false

AtomicStampedReference.compareAndSet(expectedReference,newReference,oldStamp,newStamp);

package thread;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicStampedReference;
public class ABADemo {
    static AtomicReference<Integer> atomicReference = new AtomicReference<>(100);
    static AtomicStampedReference<Integer> atomicStampedReference = new AtomicStampedReference<>(100, 1);
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("======ABA问题的产生======");
        new Thread(() -> {
            atomicReference.compareAndSet(100, 101);
            atomicReference.compareAndSet(101, 100);
        }, "t1").start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(atomicReference.compareAndSet(100, 2019) + "\t" + atomicReference.get().toString());
        }, "t2").start();
        try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
        System.out.println("======ABA问题的解决======");
        new Thread(() -> {
            int stamp = atomicStampedReference.getStamp();
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t第一次版本号： " + stamp);
            try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
            atomicStampedReference.compareAndSet(100,101,
                    atomicStampedReference.getStamp(),atomicStampedReference.getStamp()+1);
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t第二次版本号： " + atomicStampedReference.getStamp());
            atomicStampedReference.compareAndSet(101,100,
                    atomicStampedReference.getStamp(),atomicStampedReference.getStamp()+1);
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t第三次版本号： " + atomicStampedReference.getStamp());
        }, "t3").start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            int stamp = atomicStampedReference.getStamp();
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t第一次版本号： " + stamp);
            try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
            boolean result=atomicStampedReference.compareAndSet(100,2019,
                    stamp,stamp+1);
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t修改成功与否："+result+"  当前最新版本号"+atomicStampedReference.getStamp());
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t当前实际值："+atomicStampedReference.getReference());
        }, "t4").start();
    }
}