玩转spring boot 快速开始（1）

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：IT

开发环境：

IED环境：Eclipse

JDK版本：1.8

maven版本：3.3.9　　

一、创建一个spring boot的mcv web应用程序

打开Eclipse，新建Maven项目

选择quickstart模板

完成Maven项目的创建

参照spring的官方例子：http://spring.io/guides/gs/testing-web/

在pom.xml增加maven依赖


<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <groupId>com.github.carter659</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring01</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <packaging>jar</packaging>
 <name>spring01</name>
 <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
 <properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
 </properties>
 <parent>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  <version>1.4.2.RELEASE</version>
 </parent>
 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>
 <build>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>
</project>

添加一个控制器文件“HomeController.java”


package com.github.carter659.spring01;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class HomeController {
 @RequestMapping("/")
 public @ResponseBody String index() {
  return "你好，这是第一个spring boot应用";
 }
}

修改App.java文件


package com.github.carter659.spring01;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
 }
}

在App.java文件处，点击右键Run As运行java程序

当控制台处显示运行结果后

在浏览器输入“http://localhost:8080/”网站访问第一个spring boot的应用

二、我们如何对spring boot做单元测试？

pom.xml中增加单元测试的依赖


<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
 <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

在src/test/java中新建测试类“HttpRequestTest.java”


package com.github.carter659.spring01;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.LocalServerPort;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment;
import org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class HttpRequestTest {
 @LocalServerPort
 private int port;
 @Autowired
 private TestRestTemplate restTemplate;
 @Test
 public void greetingShouldReturnDefaultMessage() throws Exception {
  assertThat(this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:" + port + "/",
    String.class)).contains("你好，这是第一个spring boot应用");
 }
}