详解Java的Hibernate框架中的注解与缓存

create table EMPLOYEE (
  id INT NOT NULL auto_increment,
  first_name VARCHAR(20) default NULL,
  last_name VARCHAR(20) default NULL,
  salary   INT default NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

import javax.persistence.*;
@Entity
@Table(name = "EMPLOYEE")
public class Employee {
  @Id @GeneratedValue
  @Column(name = "id")
  private int id;
  @Column(name = "first_name")
  private String firstName;
  @Column(name = "last_name")
  private String lastName;
  @Column(name = "salary")
  private int salary; 
  public Employee() {}
  public int getId() {
   return id;
  }
  public void setId( int id ) {
   this.id = id;
  }
  public String getFirstName() {
   return firstName;
  }
  public void setFirstName( String first_name ) {
   this.firstName = first_name;
  }
  public String getLastName() {
   return lastName;
  }
  public void setLastName( String last_name ) {
   this.lastName = last_name;
  }
  public int getSalary() {
   return salary;
  }
  public void setSalary( int salary ) {
   this.salary = salary;
  }
}

import java.util.List; 
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator; 
import org.hibernate.HibernateException; 
import org.hibernate.Session; 
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class ManageEmployee {
  private static SessionFactory factory; 
  public static void main(String[] args) {
   try{
     factory = new AnnotationConfiguration().
          configure().
          //addPackage("com.xyz") //add package if used.
          addAnnotatedClass(Employee.class).
          buildSessionFactory();
   }catch (Throwable ex) { 
     System.err.println("Failed to create sessionFactory object." + ex);
     throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex); 
   }
   ManageEmployee ME = new ManageEmployee();
   /* Add few employee records in database */
   Integer empID1 = ME.addEmployee("Zara", "Ali", 1000);
   Integer empID2 = ME.addEmployee("Daisy", "Das", 5000);
   Integer empID3 = ME.addEmployee("John", "Paul", 10000);
   /* List down all the employees */
   ME.listEmployees();
   /* Update employee's records */
   ME.updateEmployee(empID1, 5000);
   /* Delete an employee from the database */
   ME.deleteEmployee(empID2);
   /* List down new list of the employees */
   ME.listEmployees();
  }
  /* Method to CREATE an employee in the database */
  public Integer addEmployee(String fname, String lname, int salary){
   Session session = factory.openSession();
   Transaction tx = null;
   Integer employeeID = null;
   try{
     tx = session.beginTransaction();
     Employee employee = new Employee();
     employee.setFirstName(fname);
     employee.setLastName(lname);
     employee.setSalary(salary);
     employeeID = (Integer) session.save(employee); 
     tx.commit();
   }catch (HibernateException e) {
     if (tx!=null) tx.rollback();
     e.printStackTrace(); 
   }finally {
     session.close(); 
   }
   return employeeID;
  }
  /* Method to READ all the employees */
  public void listEmployees( ){
   Session session = factory.openSession();
   Transaction tx = null;
   try{
     tx = session.beginTransaction();
     List employees = session.createQuery("FROM Employee").list(); 
     for (Iterator iterator = 
              employees.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();){
      Employee employee = (Employee) iterator.next(); 
      System.out.print("First Name: " + employee.getFirstName()); 
      System.out.print(" Last Name: " + employee.getLastName()); 
      System.out.println(" Salary: " + employee.getSalary()); 
     }
     tx.commit();
   }catch (HibernateException e) {
     if (tx!=null) tx.rollback();
     e.printStackTrace(); 
   }finally {
     session.close(); 
   }
  }
  /* Method to UPDATE salary for an employee */
  public void updateEmployee(Integer EmployeeID, int salary ){
   Session session = factory.openSession();
   Transaction tx = null;
   try{
     tx = session.beginTransaction();
     Employee employee = 
          (Employee)session.get(Employee.class, EmployeeID); 
     employee.setSalary( salary );
  session.update(employee); 
     tx.commit();
   }catch (HibernateException e) {
     if (tx!=null) tx.rollback();
     e.printStackTrace(); 
   }finally {
     session.close(); 
   }
  }
  /* Method to DELETE an employee from the records */
  public void deleteEmployee(Integer EmployeeID){
   Session session = factory.openSession();
   Transaction tx = null;
   try{
     tx = session.beginTransaction();
     Employee employee = 
          (Employee)session.get(Employee.class, EmployeeID); 
     session.delete(employee); 
     tx.commit();
   }catch (HibernateException e) {
     if (tx!=null) tx.rollback();
     e.printStackTrace(); 
   }finally {
     session.close(); 
   }
  }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration SYSTEM 
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
  <session-factory>
  <property name="hibernate.dialect">
   org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
  </property>
  <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">
   com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  </property>
  <!-- Assume students is the database name -->
  <property name="hibernate.connection.url">
   jdbc:mysql://localhost/test
  </property>
  <property name="hibernate.connection.username">
   root
  </property>
  <property name="hibernate.connection.password">
   cohondob
  </property>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

$java ManageEmployee
.......VARIOUS LOG MESSAGES WILL DISPLAY HERE........
First Name: Zara Last Name: Ali Salary: 1000
First Name: Daisy Last Name: Das Salary: 5000
First Name: John Last Name: Paul Salary: 10000
First Name: Zara Last Name: Ali Salary: 5000
First Name: John Last Name: Paul Salary: 10000

mysql> select * from EMPLOYEE;
+----+------------+-----------+--------+
| id | first_name | last_name | salary |
+----+------------+-----------+--------+
| 29 | Zara    | Ali    |  5000 |
| 31 | John    | Paul   | 10000 |
+----+------------+-----------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec
mysql>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
 "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN"
 "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> 
<hibernate-mapping>
  <class name="Employee" table="EMPLOYEE">
   <meta attribute="class-description">
     This class contains the employee detail. 
   </meta>
   <cache usage="read-write"/>
   <id name="id" type="int" column="id">
     <generator class="native"/>
   </id>
   <property name="firstName" column="first_name" type="string"/>
   <property name="lastName" column="last_name" type="string"/>
   <property name="salary" column="salary" type="int"/>
  </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration SYSTEM 
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
  <session-factory>
  <property name="hibernate.dialect">
   org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
  </property>
  <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">
   com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  </property>
  <!-- Assume students is the database name -->
  <property name="hibernate.connection.url">
   jdbc:mysql://localhost/test
  </property>
  <property name="hibernate.connection.username">
   root
  </property>
  <property name="hibernate.connection.password">
   root123
  </property>
  <property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class">
   org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider
  </property>
  <!-- List of XML mapping files -->
  <mapping resource="Employee.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

<diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/>
<defaultCache
maxElementsInMemory="1000"
eternal="false"
timeToIdleSeconds="120"
timeToLiveSeconds="120"
overflowToDisk="true"
/>
<cache name="Employee"
maxElementsInMemory="500"
eternal="true"
timeToIdleSeconds="0"
timeToLiveSeconds="0"
overflowToDisk="false"
/>