【php】Swoole v4.6 版本新特性之 SNI 支持

• Z时代
• 2024-01-10
• 分类：技术分享

wget -r -np -nd -P ./ssl_certs https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/swoole/[email protected]/tests/include/ssl_certs/

use Swoole\Http\Request;
use Swoole\Http\Response;
use Swoole\Http\Server;
$http = new Server('0.0.0.0', 9501);
$http->on('request', function (Request $request, Response $response) {
$response->end('Hello Swoole');
});
$http->start();

$http->set([
'ssl_sni_certs' => [
'cs.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_cs_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_cs_key.pem'
],
'uk.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_uk_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_uk_key.pem'
],
'us.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_us_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_us_key.pem',
],
]
]);

use Swoole\Http\Request;
use Swoole\Http\Response;
use Swoole\Http\Server;
define('SSL_FILE_DIR', __DIR__ . '/ssl_certs');
$http = new Server('127.0.0.1', 9501, SWOOLE_BASE, SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP | SWOOLE_SSL);
$http->set([
'log_file' => '/dev/null',
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/server.crt',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/server.key',
'ssl_protocols' => SWOOLE_SSL_TLSv1_2 | SWOOLE_SSL_TLSv1_3 | SWOOLE_SSL_TLSv1_1 | SWOOLE_SSL_SSLv2,
'ssl_sni_certs' => [
'cs.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_cs_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_cs_key.pem'
],
'uk.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_uk_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_uk_key.pem'
],
'us.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_us_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_us_key.pem',
],
]
]);
$http->on('request', function (Request $request, Response $response) {
$response->end('Hello Swoole');
});
$http->start();

$flags = STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT;
$port = 9501;
$ctxArr = [
'cafile' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_ca.pem',
'capture_peer_cert' => true,
'verify_peer' => false,
];
$ctxArr['peer_name'] = 'cs.php.net';
$ctx = stream_context_create(['ssl' => $ctxArr]);
$client = stream_socket_client("tls://127.0.0.1:$port", $errno, $errstr, 1, $flags, $ctx);
$cert = stream_context_get_options($ctx)['ssl']['peer_certificate'];
var_dump(openssl_x509_parse($cert)['subject']['CN']);
$ctxArr['peer_name'] = 'uk.php.net';
$ctx = stream_context_create(['ssl' => $ctxArr]);
$client = stream_socket_client("tls://127.0.0.1:$port", $errno, $errstr, 1, $flags, $ctx);
$cert = stream_context_get_options($ctx)['ssl']['peer_certificate'];
var_dump(openssl_x509_parse($cert)['subject']['CN']);
$ctxArr['peer_name'] = 'us.php.net';
$ctx = stream_context_create(['ssl' => $ctxArr]);
$client = stream_socket_client("tls://127.0.0.1:$port", $errno, $errstr, 1, $flags, $ctx);
$cert = stream_context_get_options($ctx)['ssl']['peer_certificate'];
var_dump(openssl_x509_parse($cert)['subject']['CN']);

tcpdump -i lo0 port 9501 -w sni.pcap

$ php swoole.php
string(10) "cs.php.net"
string(10) "uk.php.net"
string(10) "us.php.net"

Extension: server_name (len=15)
Type: server_name (0)
Length: 15
Server Name Indication extension
Server Name list length: 13
Server Name Type: host_name (0)
Server Name length: 10
Server Name: cs.php.net

<?php
use Swoole\Http\Request;
use Swoole\Http\Response;
use Swoole\Http\Server;
use Swoole\Process\Manager;
use Swoole\Process\Pool;
define('SSL_FILE_DIR', __DIR__ . '/ssl_certs');
$pm = new Manager();
$pm->add(function (Pool $pool, int $workerId) {
$http = new Server('127.0.0.1', 9501, SWOOLE_BASE, SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP | SWOOLE_SSL);
$http->set([
'log_file' => '/dev/null',
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/server.crt',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/server.key',
'ssl_protocols' => SWOOLE_SSL_TLSv1_2 | SWOOLE_SSL_TLSv1_3 | SWOOLE_SSL_TLSv1_1 | SWOOLE_SSL_SSLv2,
'ssl_sni_certs' => [
'cs.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_cs_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_cs_key.pem'
],
'uk.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_uk_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_uk_key.pem'
],
'us.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_us_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_us_key.pem',
],
]
]);
$http->on('request', function (Request $request, Response $response) {
$response->end('Hello Swoole');
});
$http->start();
});
$pm->add(function (Pool $pool, int $workerId) {
$flags = STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT;
$port = 9501;
$ctxArr = [
'cafile' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_ca.pem',
'capture_peer_cert' => true,
'verify_peer' => false,
];
$ctxArr['peer_name'] = 'cs.php.net';
$ctx = stream_context_create(['ssl' => $ctxArr]);
$client = stream_socket_client("tls://127.0.0.1:$port", $errno, $errstr, 1, $flags, $ctx);
$cert = stream_context_get_options($ctx)['ssl']['peer_certificate'];
var_dump(openssl_x509_parse($cert)['subject']['CN']);
$ctxArr['peer_name'] = 'uk.php.net';
$ctx = stream_context_create(['ssl' => $ctxArr]);
$client = stream_socket_client("tls://127.0.0.1:$port", $errno, $errstr, 1, $flags, $ctx);
$cert = stream_context_get_options($ctx)['ssl']['peer_certificate'];
var_dump(openssl_x509_parse($cert)['subject']['CN']);
$ctxArr['peer_name'] = 'us.php.net';
$ctx = stream_context_create(['ssl' => $ctxArr]);
$client = stream_socket_client("tls://127.0.0.1:$port", $errno, $errstr, 1, $flags, $ctx);
$cert = stream_context_get_options($ctx)['ssl']['peer_certificate'];
var_dump(openssl_x509_parse($cert)['subject']['CN']);
$pool->shutdown();
});
$pm->start();

Swoole 在 v4.6.0 版本中对 SNI 进行了支持，这篇文章就对这个新特性进行一些演示和说明。

先来了解一下什么是 SNI 协议？

Server Name Identification 简称 SNI，是一个扩展的 TLS 计算机联网协议，用来解决一个服务器拥有多个域名的情况。

在该协议下，在握手过程开始时通过客户端告诉它正在连接的服务器的主机名称。这允许服务器在相同的 IP 地址和 TCP 端口号上呈现多个证书，并且因此允许在相同的 IP 地址上提供多个安全 HTTPS 网站（或其他任何基于 TLS 的服务），而不需要所有这些站点使用相同的证书。

那么如果一台服务器有多个虚拟主机，而且每个主机的域名不一样，使用了不一样的证书，该和哪个主机进行通信？

和 HTTP 协议用来解决服务器多域名的方案类似，HTTP 在请求头中使用 Host 字段来指定要访问的域名。

而 TLS 的做法也是添加 Host，在客户端发出 SSL 请求中的 Client Hello 阶段进行添加，这样就可以让服务器能够切换到正确的域并返回相应的证书。

在 Swoole 的 GitHub 中也有一个 Issue (#4031)，想让 Swoole 的 HTTP Server 支持通过 Hostname 来配置 SSL 信息。

实际上是 Swoole 在 #3908 中已经进行了支持，不过英文网站的文档还没来及更新，所以没有找到相关说明。

下面就来演示 Swoole 如何设置 SNI：

首先先下载证书，这里直接使用 Swoole 测试的证书

wget -r -np -nd -P ./ssl_certs https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/swoole/[email protected]/tests/include/ssl_certs/

下载完成后会存放在当前目录下的ssl_certs目录中

再来创建一个 HTTP Server

use Swoole\Http\Request;
use Swoole\Http\Response;
use Swoole\Http\Server;
$http = new Server('0.0.0.0', 9501);
$http->on('request', function (Request $request, Response $response) {
$response->end('Hello Swoole');
});
$http->start();

这里就需要用到一个新增的 ssl_sni_certs 选项

ssl_sni_certs的参数是一个二维数组，key 为 Hostname，value 是对应的证书配置

$http->set([
'ssl_sni_certs' => [
'cs.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_cs_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_cs_key.pem'
],
'uk.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_uk_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_uk_key.pem'
],
'us.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_us_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_us_key.pem',
],
]
]);

配置一下 Server 的 sock_type 来支持 SSL，以及对应的证书配置，就有了如下代码

use Swoole\Http\Request;
use Swoole\Http\Response;
use Swoole\Http\Server;
define('SSL_FILE_DIR', __DIR__ . '/ssl_certs');
$http = new Server('127.0.0.1', 9501, SWOOLE_BASE, SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP | SWOOLE_SSL);
$http->set([
'log_file' => '/dev/null',
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/server.crt',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/server.key',
'ssl_protocols' => SWOOLE_SSL_TLSv1_2 | SWOOLE_SSL_TLSv1_3 | SWOOLE_SSL_TLSv1_1 | SWOOLE_SSL_SSLv2,
'ssl_sni_certs' => [
'cs.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_cs_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_cs_key.pem'
],
'uk.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_uk_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_uk_key.pem'
],
'us.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_us_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_us_key.pem',
],
]
]);
$http->on('request', function (Request $request, Response $response) {
$response->end('Hello Swoole');
});
$http->start();

搞个客户端来测试一下

$flags = STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT;
$port = 9501;
$ctxArr = [
'cafile' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_ca.pem',
'capture_peer_cert' => true,
'verify_peer' => false,
];
$ctxArr['peer_name'] = 'cs.php.net';
$ctx = stream_context_create(['ssl' => $ctxArr]);
$client = stream_socket_client("tls://127.0.0.1:$port", $errno, $errstr, 1, $flags, $ctx);
$cert = stream_context_get_options($ctx)['ssl']['peer_certificate'];
var_dump(openssl_x509_parse($cert)['subject']['CN']);
$ctxArr['peer_name'] = 'uk.php.net';
$ctx = stream_context_create(['ssl' => $ctxArr]);
$client = stream_socket_client("tls://127.0.0.1:$port", $errno, $errstr, 1, $flags, $ctx);
$cert = stream_context_get_options($ctx)['ssl']['peer_certificate'];
var_dump(openssl_x509_parse($cert)['subject']['CN']);
$ctxArr['peer_name'] = 'us.php.net';
$ctx = stream_context_create(['ssl' => $ctxArr]);
$client = stream_socket_client("tls://127.0.0.1:$port", $errno, $errstr, 1, $flags, $ctx);
$cert = stream_context_get_options($ctx)['ssl']['peer_certificate'];
var_dump(openssl_x509_parse($cert)['subject']['CN']);

在测试的同时，使用 tcpdump 进行抓包

tcpdump -i lo0 port 9501 -w sni.pcap

请求成功后，客户端会输出对应的三个 Hostname

$ php swoole.php
string(10) "cs.php.net"
string(10) "uk.php.net"
string(10) "us.php.net"

然后使用 Wireshark 来分析一下抓到的包，通过ssl.handshake来过滤出想要的报文

分析报文发现 server_name 的扩展字段只存在于 Client Hello 这个过程中

接着使用ssl.handshake.extensions_server_name进行过滤，提取出包含 SNI 协议的 Client Hello 报文

就可以看到 SNI 扩展字段：

Extension: server_name (len=15)
Type: server_name (0)
Length: 15
Server Name Indication extension
Server Name list length: 13
Server Name Type: host_name (0)
Server Name length: 10
Server Name: cs.php.net

这里指定了该 TLS 握手的目标域名为 cs.php.net。

通过 SNI，拥有多域名的服务器就可以正常建立 TLS 连接了。

下面是完整的测试代码：

<?php
use Swoole\Http\Request;
use Swoole\Http\Response;
use Swoole\Http\Server;
use Swoole\Process\Manager;
use Swoole\Process\Pool;
define('SSL_FILE_DIR', __DIR__ . '/ssl_certs');
$pm = new Manager();
$pm->add(function (Pool $pool, int $workerId) {
$http = new Server('127.0.0.1', 9501, SWOOLE_BASE, SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP | SWOOLE_SSL);
$http->set([
'log_file' => '/dev/null',
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/server.crt',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/server.key',
'ssl_protocols' => SWOOLE_SSL_TLSv1_2 | SWOOLE_SSL_TLSv1_3 | SWOOLE_SSL_TLSv1_1 | SWOOLE_SSL_SSLv2,
'ssl_sni_certs' => [
'cs.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_cs_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_cs_key.pem'
],
'uk.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_uk_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_uk_key.pem'
],
'us.php.net' => [
'ssl_cert_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_us_cert.pem',
'ssl_key_file' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_us_key.pem',
],
]
]);
$http->on('request', function (Request $request, Response $response) {
$response->end('Hello Swoole');
});
$http->start();
});
$pm->add(function (Pool $pool, int $workerId) {
$flags = STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT;
$port = 9501;
$ctxArr = [
'cafile' => SSL_FILE_DIR . '/sni_server_ca.pem',
'capture_peer_cert' => true,
'verify_peer' => false,
];
$ctxArr['peer_name'] = 'cs.php.net';
$ctx = stream_context_create(['ssl' => $ctxArr]);
$client = stream_socket_client("tls://127.0.0.1:$port", $errno, $errstr, 1, $flags, $ctx);
$cert = stream_context_get_options($ctx)['ssl']['peer_certificate'];
var_dump(openssl_x509_parse($cert)['subject']['CN']);
$ctxArr['peer_name'] = 'uk.php.net';
$ctx = stream_context_create(['ssl' => $ctxArr]);
$client = stream_socket_client("tls://127.0.0.1:$port", $errno, $errstr, 1, $flags, $ctx);
$cert = stream_context_get_options($ctx)['ssl']['peer_certificate'];
var_dump(openssl_x509_parse($cert)['subject']['CN']);
$ctxArr['peer_name'] = 'us.php.net';
$ctx = stream_context_create(['ssl' => $ctxArr]);
$client = stream_socket_client("tls://127.0.0.1:$port", $errno, $errstr, 1, $flags, $ctx);
$cert = stream_context_get_options($ctx)['ssl']['peer_certificate'];
var_dump(openssl_x509_parse($cert)['subject']['CN']);
$pool->shutdown();
});
$pm->start();

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