FastDFS加Redis实现自定义文件名存储海量文件[python高级教程]
FastDFS非常适合存储大量的小文件,遗憾的是本身不支持自定义文件名,文件名是存储成功以后根据存储位置生成的一个file_id。很多应用场景不得不使用自定义文件名,在不修改其源码的情况下,可以在存储客户端fdfs_client增加一个用来存储自定义文件名和fastdfs的file_id之间的映射关系的数据库间接实现自定义文件名的存取和访问,在这里我们选用了reids。顺便说一下,淘宝也有一个类似于FastDFS的文件存储系统TFS,对于自定义文件名,它是用mysql来存储映射关系的,我认为在高并发访问下mysql本身就是瓶颈,因此在这个方案中采用了redis。
准备工作:
fastdfs环境安装...略...(官方:https://code.google.com/p/fastdfs/)
redis环境安装...略...(官方:http://redis.io/)
用python实现,因此需要安装fastdfs的python客户端(下载:https://fastdfs.googlecode.com/files/fdfs_client-py-1.2.6.tar.gz)
python的redis客户端,到https://pypi.python.org/pypi/redis下载
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import setting
from fdfs_client.client import *
from fdfs_client.exceptions import *
from fdfs_client.connection import *
import redis
import time
import logging
import random
logging.basicConfig(format="[%(levelname)s]: %(message)s", level=logging.DEBUG)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
class RedisError(Exception):
def __init__(self, value):
self.value = value
def __str__(self):
return repr(self.value)
class fastdfsClient(Fdfs_client):
def __init__(self):
self.tracker_pool = ConnectionPool(**setting.fdfs_tracker)
self.timeout = setting.fdfs_tracker["timeout"]
return None
def __del__(self):
try:
self.pool.destroy()
self.pool = None
except:
pass
class fastdfs(object):
def __init__(self):
"""
conf_file:配置文件
"""
self.fdfs_client = fastdfsClient()
self.fdfs_redis = []
for i in setting.fdfs_redis_dbs:
self.fdfs_redis.append(redis.Redis(host=i[0], port=i[1], db=i[2]))
def store_by_buffer(self,buf,filename=None,file_ext_name = None):
"""
buffer存储文件
参数:
filename:自定义文件名,如果不指定,将远程file_id作为文件名
file_ext_name:文件扩展名(可选),如果不指定,将根据自定义文件名智能判断
返回值:
{
"group":组名,
"file_id":不含组名的文件ID,
"size":文件尺寸,
"upload_time":上传时间
}
"""
if filename and random.choice(self.fdfs_redis).exists(filename):
logger.info("File(%s) exists."%filename)
return random.choice(self.fdfs_redis).hgetall(filename)
t1 = time.time()
# try:
ret_dict = self.fdfs_client.upload_by_buffer(buf,file_ext_name)
# except Exception,e:
# logger.error("Error occurred while uploading: %s"%e.message)
# return None
t2 = time.time()
logger.info("Upload file(%s) by buffer, time consume: %fs" % (filename,(t2 - t1)))
for key in ret_dict:
logger.debug("[+] %s : %s" % (key, ret_dict[key]))
stored_filename = ret_dict["Remote file_id"]
stored_filename_without_group = stored_filename[stored_filename.index("/")+1:]
if not filename:
filename =stored_filename_without_group
vmp = {"group":ret_dict["Group name"],"file_id":stored_filename_without_group,"size":ret_dict["Uploaded size"],"upload_time":int(time.time()*1000)}
try:
for i in self.fdfs_redis:
if not i.hmset(filename,vmp):
raise RedisError("Save Failure")
logger.info("Store file(%s) by buffer successful" % filename)
except Exception,e:
logger.error("Save info to Redis failure. rollback...")
try:
ret_dict = self.fdfs_client.delete_file(stored_filename)
except Exception,e:
logger.error("Error occurred while deleting: %s"%e.message)
return None
return vmp
def remove(self,filename):
"""
删除文件,
filename是用户自定义文件名
return True|False
"""
fileinfo = random.choice(self.fdfs_redis).hgetall(filename)
stored_filename = "%s/%s"%(fileinfo["group"],fileinfo["file_id"])
try:
ret_dict = self.fdfs_client.delete_file(stored_filename)
logger.info("Remove stored file successful")
except Exception,e:
logger.error("Error occurred while deleting: %s"%e.message)
return False
for i in self.fdfs_redis:
if not i.delete(filename):
logger.error("Remove fileinfo in redis failure")
logger.info("%s removed."%filename)
return True
def download(self,filename):
"""
下载文件
返回二进制
"""
finfo = self.getInfo(filename)
if finfo:
ret = self.fdfs_client.download_to_buffer("%s/%s"%(finfo["group"],finfo["file_id"]))
return ret["Content"]
else:
logger.debug("%s is not exists"%filename)
return None
def list(self,pattern="*"):
"""
列出文件列表
"""
return random.choice(self.fdfs_redis).keys(pattern)
def getInfo(self,filename):
"""
获得文件信息
return:{
"group":组名,
"file_id":不含组名的文件ID,
"size":文件尺寸,
"upload_time":上传时间
}
"""
return random.choice(self.fdfs_redis).hgetall(filename)
配置:
python;toolbar:false;"># -*- coding: utf-8 -*-#fastdfs tracker, multiple tracker supported
fdfs_tracker = {
"host_tuple":("192.168.2.233","192.168.2.234"),
"port":22122,
"timeout":30,
"name":"Tracker Pool"
}
#fastdfs meta db, multiple redisdb supported
fdfs_redis_dbs = (
("192.168.2.233",6379,0),
("192.168.2.233",6379,1)
)
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