vs2019下用vb.net窗体程序连接mongodb4.2 [数据库教程]

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：综合

database

说起来，查看Mongodb官方的接口文档是场噩梦，尽管mongodb官方花了大力气整顿了它的API，但是简单的接口罗列，0代码示范，让人无从开始。幸亏有很多天才，成功破译，我才得以沿着他们走的路，照猫画虎的走下去。整个项目结构如下：

类文件中vbtest.vb数据库实体类对应着mongodb文档vbtest，用于数据操作测试

Imports MongoDB.Bson
PublicClass vbtest
Public _id As ObjectId
Public content AsString
End Class

（optional）vbmongo.vb是绑定好数据库实体类vbtest的版本

Imports MongoDB.Bson
Imports MongoDB.Driver
PublicClass vbmongo
Public client
Public collection As IMongoCollection(Of vbtest)
Public database As IMongoDatabase
Public mlist As List(Of vbtest)
Public builder As FilterDefinitionBuilder(Of vbtest) = New FilterDefinitionBuilder(Of vbtest)
PublicfilterAs FilterDefinition(Of vbtest)
PublicSubNew(ByVal dbname AsString, ByVal collectionname AsString)
        client = New MongoClient("mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017")
        database = client.GetDatabase(dbname)
        collection = database.GetCollection(Of vbtest)(collectionname)
End Sub
Public Async Function loadrecords() As Task(Of List(Of vbtest))
filter = builder.Ne(Of ObjectId)("_id", New ObjectId())//_id不等于空的记录，通过这种方法蹩脚的实现了查找全部的功能Builder的大多数条件设置函数都用到了泛型Ne（Of TField）
Dim mlist As List(Of vbtest) = Await collection.Find(filter).ToListAsync()//TField可以理解为 type of field 对应的是实体类中字段的数据类型例如 OBjectId或者String等等
Return mlist
End Function
Public Async Function loadone(ByVal _id AsString) As Task(Of vbtest)
filter = builder.Eq(Of ObjectId)("_id", New ObjectId(_id))
Dim mlist As vbtest = Await collection.Find(filter).FirstOrDefaultAsync()
Return mlist
End Function
Public Async Function updateone(ByVal _id AsString, ByVal doc As vbtest) As Task(Of vbtest)
filter = builder.Eq(Of ObjectId)("_id", New ObjectId(_id))
Dim up As UpdateDefinitionBuilder(Of vbtest) = New UpdateDefinitionBuilder(Of vbtest)()
Dim updef As UpdateDefinition(Of vbtest)
        updef = up.Set(OfString)("content", doc.content)
‘.Set(Of String)("content", doc)
        collection.UpdateOneAsync(filter, updef)
End Function
End Class

说起来mongodb的连接可以分几步，根据连接字符串打开链接，获取数据库，获取文档，进而在文档的基础上进行增删改查。对于vb.net操作mongodb，完全是根据c#的操作范例，根据vb.net的语法特点临摹出来的。

首先需要对项目进行Nuget包的安装，我们要搜寻的是MongoDB.Driver

这里创建了一个vb.net 的泛型类vbmongoT，只写了单个查找，查找列表和更新操作，函数中大量成对出现了Async和Await关键字，用于标识该功能使用了异步编程,在窗体程序中进行调用的时候，仍需要在成对的使用Async Await的关键字，因为异步函数返回的往往是Task<TResult>类型（c#）或者 Task（Of TResult）（vb.net）需要在调用函数体中使用await关键字拿到最终结果Imports MongoDB.BsonImports MongoDB.Driver

PublicClass vbmongoT(Of T)
Public client
Public collection As IMongoCollection(Of T)
Public database As IMongoDatabase
Public mlist As List(Of T)
Public builder As FilterDefinitionBuilder(Of T) = New FilterDefinitionBuilder(Of T)
Public up As UpdateDefinitionBuilder(Of T)
Public updef As UpdateDefinition(Of T)
PublicfilterAs FilterDefinition(Of T)
PublicSubNew(ByVal dbname AsString, ByVal collectionname AsString)
        client = New MongoClient("mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017")
        database = client.GetDatabase(dbname)
        collection = database.GetCollection(Of T)(collectionname)
End Sub
Public Async Function loadrecords() As Task(Of List(Of T))
filter = builder.Ne(Of ObjectId)("_id", New ObjectId())
Dim mlist As List(Of T) = Await collection.Find(filter).ToListAsync()
Return mlist
End Function
Public Async Function loadone(ByVal _id AsString) As Task(Of T)filter = builder.Eq(Of ObjectId)("_id", New ObjectId(_id))//_id满足查找条件的记录，Builder的大多数条件设置函数都用到了泛型：例如Ne（Of TField）
        Dim mlist As T = Await collection.Find(filter).FirstOrDefaultAsync() 
        Return mlist 
    End Function
    Public Async Function updateone(ByValfilterAs FilterDefinition(Of T), ByVal updef As UpdateDefinition(Of T)) As Task(Of T) 
        ‘updef = up.Set(Of String)("content", doc.content)‘.Set(Of String)("content", doc)
        Await collection.UpdateOneAsync(filter, updef) 
    End Function
End Class

在mongodb这一版本的官方API里，IMongoCollection对象是查找，添加，更新，删除等动作的发起者，这里面查找，更新，删除都要用到查询条件，

官方谓之filter（过滤器）C#: FilterDefinition<T> VB.net: FilterDefinition (Of T)

而过滤器是过滤器模具的建模结果

过滤器模具：C#: FilterDefinitionBuilder<T> VB.net: FilterDefinitionBuilder (Of T)

在Mongodb.Driver这个大类下面建议直接翻看FilterDefinitionBuilder的介绍 https://mongodb.github.io/mongo-csharp-driver/2.10/apidocs/html/T_MongoDB_Driver_FilterDefinitionBuilder_1.htm

同样的数据库文档的更新操作由 UpdateDefinitionBuilder 设置更新字段后产生的 UpdateDefinition完成

窗体程序部分

Imports MongoDB.Bson
Imports MongoDB.Driver
PublicClass Form1
Public client
Public bsdoc As vbtest
Public collection As IMongoCollection(Of vbtest)
Public database As IMongoDatabase
Public mlist As List(Of vbtest)
Public builder As FilterDefinitionBuilder(Of vbtest) = New FilterDefinitionBuilder(Of vbtest)
Public vm As vbmongoT(Of vbtest) = New vbmongoT(Of vbtest)("meandmycoach", "vbtest")
PublicfilterAs FilterDefinition(Of vbtest)
Private Async Sub Button1_Click(sender AsObject, e As EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
        bsdoc.content = RichTextBox1.Text
        vm.filter = vm.builder.Eq(Of ObjectId)("_id", New ObjectId(ComboBox1.Text))
        vm.up = New UpdateDefinitionBuilder(Of vbtest)
        vm.updef = vm.up.Set(OfString)("content", bsdoc.content)
‘vm.up.Set(Of String)("content", bsdoc.content)
        vm.updef = vm.up.Combine(vm.updef)
        vm.updateone(vm.filter, vm.updef)
End Sub
PrivateSub Form1_Load(sender AsObject, e As EventArgs) HandlesMyBase.Load
        vm = New vbmongoT(Of vbtest)("meandmycoach", "vbtest")
Dim bsdoc As vbtest = New vbtest()
End Sub
Private Async Sub PictureBox1_Click(sender AsObject, e As EventArgs) Handles PictureBox1.Click
        mlist = Await vm.loadrecords()
For i AsInteger = 0To mlist.Count - 1
            ComboBox1.Items.Add(mlist(i)._id.ToString())
Next
        ComboBox1.Text = ComboBox1.Items(0)
        Label2.Text = mlist.Count.ToString()
End Sub
PrivateSub RichTextBox1_TextChanged(sender AsObject, e As EventArgs) Handles RichTextBox1.TextChanged
End Sub
Private Async Sub ComboBox1_TextChanged(sender AsObject, e As EventArgs) Handles ComboBox1.TextChanged
        bsdoc = Await vm.loadone(ComboBox1.Text)
        RichTextBox1.Text = bsdoc.content
End Sub
Private Async Sub ComboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(sender AsObject, e As EventArgs) Handles ComboBox1.SelectedIndexChanged
End Sub
End Class