年《财富》中国500强排行榜数据爬取，看看都有哪些[Python基础]

  • Z时代
  • 2024-01-10
  • 分类：综合

python

前言

一个简单的demo，python爬虫，其实是以前的存货，很久很久没有写爬虫了，渣渣更渣了啊！

爬取财富中文网，2020年《财富》中国500强排行榜相关数据，数据都在网页源码里，结构也比较清晰，基本上一个请求页面可以搞定所有数据，一个老哥要的数据，用来做数据分析！

 

新人可以用来练手的网站，这里给出参考demo，仅供参考和学习使用！

fake_useragent库本地使用

来自于吾爱破解网站（ID：jxt441621944）上的分享，fake_useragent库也是本渣渣比较喜欢使用的一个库，比较方便吧，好用倒也说不上，看着用吧，fake_useragent库本地使用方法，这里给大家整理和打包了一下！

UserAgent就是用户代{过}{滤}理，是一串字符串，相当于是浏览器的身份证明，在写爬虫的时候频繁更换请求头中的UserAgent可以避免触发反爬机制（配合代{过}{滤}理IP食用更佳）。

fake_useragent就是可以获得一个随机的用户代{过}{滤}理的库。

fake_useragent库总共250条UA!

UA库文件：fake_ua.txt

py调用文件：fakeua.py

import random
with open("fake_ua.txt", "r") as f:
    fake_ua = [fua.strip() for fua in f.readlines()]
print(random.choice(fake_ua))

python爬虫2020年《财富》中国500强排行榜数据爬取demo

import requests,random
from lxml import etree
import xlsxwriter
class Httprequest(object):
    ua_list = [
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/14.0.835.163 Safari/535.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.103 Safari/537.36Chrome 17.0",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_0) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:6.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/6.0Firefox 4.0.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50",
"Opera/9.80 (Windows NT 6.1; U; en) Presto/2.8.131 Version/11.11",
    ]
    @property  #把方法变成属性的装饰器
def random_headers(self):
return {
"User-Agent": random.choice(self.ua_list)
        }
class Get_data(Httprequest):
def__init__(self):
        self.url="http://www.fortunechina.com/fortune500/c/2020-07/27/content_369925.htm"
        self.murl="http://www.fortunechina.com/fortune500/c/2020-05/18/content_365275.htm"
def get_data(self):
        html=requests.get(self.url,headers=self.random_headers,timeout=5).content.decode("utf-8")
#print(html)
        req = etree.HTML(html)
        rankings=req.xpath("//table[@class="wt-table"]/tbody/tr/td[1]/text()")
        last_rankings=req.xpath("//table[@class="wt-table"]/tbody/tr/td[2]/text()")
        companys=req.xpath("//table[@class="wt-table"]/tbody/tr/td[3]/a/text()")
        incomes=req.xpath("//table[@class="wt-table"]/tbody/tr/td[4]/text()")
        profits=req.xpath("//table[@class="wt-table"]/tbody/tr/td[5]/text()")
# print(ranking)
# print(last_ranking)
# print(company)
# print(income)
# print(profit)
        data_list=[]
for ranking,last_ranking,company,income,profit in zip(
                rankings, last_rankings, companys, incomes, profits
        ):
            data = [
                ranking,last_ranking,company,income,profit
            ]
print(data)
            data_list.append(data)
print("
")
        self.write_to_xlsx(data_list)
def write_to_xlsx(self, data_list):
        workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook("{}_search_results.xlsx".format("2020年《财富》中国500强排行榜"))  # 创建一个Excel文件
        worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet("2020年《财富》中国500强排行榜")
        title = ["排名", "上年排名", "公司名称（中文）", "营业收入（百万元）", "利润（百万元）"]  # 表格title
        worksheet.write_row("A1", title)
for index, data in enumerate(data_list):
# content = content.rstrip()
# keyword, rank, include_num, chart_url, title, game_id, company_num, long_words_num = data
            num0 = str(index + 2)
            row = "A" + num0
# data = [name, size, game_id]
            worksheet.write_row(row, data)
        workbook.close()
def get_mdata(self):
        html=requests.get(self.murl,headers=self.random_headers,timeout=5).content.decode("utf-8")
#print(html)
        req = etree.HTML(html)
        rankings=req.xpath("//table[@class="wt-table"]/tbody/tr/td[1]/text()")
        companys=req.xpath("//table[@class="wt-table"]/tbody/tr/td[2]/a/text()")
        incomes=req.xpath("//table[@class="wt-table"]/tbody/tr/td[3]/text()")
        profits=req.xpath("//table[@class="wt-table"]/tbody/tr/td[4]/text()")
        data_list=[]
for ranking,company,income,profit in zip(
                rankings,companys, incomes, profits
        ):
            data = [
                ranking,company,income,profit
            ]
print(data)
            data_list.append(data)
print("
")
        self.write_to_mxlsx(data_list)
def write_to_mxlsx(self, data_list):
        workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook("{}_search_results.xlsx".format("2020年《财富》美国500强排行榜"))  # 创建一个Excel文件
        worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet("2020年《财富》美国500强排行榜")
        title = ["排名", "公司名称（中文）", "营业收入（百万美元）", "利润（百万美元）"]  # 表格title
        worksheet.write_row("A1", title)
for index, data in enumerate(data_list):
# content = content.rstrip()
# keyword, rank, include_num, chart_url, title, game_id, company_num, long_words_num = data
            num0 = str(index + 2)
            row = "A" + num0
# data = [name, size, game_id]
            worksheet.write_row(row, data)
        workbook.close()
if__name__=="__main__":
    spider=Get_data()
#spider.get_data()
    spider.get_mdata()

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