python调用api接口有几种方式
python调用api的几种方式：
1、urllib2
def run(self):username, password = getword()
try:
print "-"*12
print "User:",username,"Password:",password
req = urllib2.Request(sys.argv[1])
passman = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
passman.add_password(None, sys.argv[1], username, password)
authhandler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(passman)
opener = urllib2.build_opener(authhandler)
fd = opener.open(req)
print "
Username:",username,"Password:",password,"----- Login successful!!!
"
print "Retrieved", fd.geturl()
info = fd.info()
for key, value in info.items():
print "%s = %s" % (key, value)
sys.exit(2)
except (urllib2.HTTPError, httplib.BadStatusLine,socket.error), msg:
print "An error occurred:", msg
pass
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2、urllib
def dorequest(url, data = "", method = 'GET'):try:
if method == 'GET':
response = urllib.request.urlopen(url, timeout=10).read()
else:
# use PUT/DELETE/POST, data should be encoded in ascii/bytes
request = urllib.request.Request(url, data = data.encode('ascii'), method = method)
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request, timeout=10).read()
# etcd may return json result with response http error code
# http error code will raise exception in urlopen
# catch the HTTPError and get the json result
except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
# e.fp must be read() in this except block.
# the e will be deleted and e.fp will be closed after this block
response = e.fp.read()
# response is encoded in bytes.
# recoded in utf-8 and loaded in json
result = json.loads(str(response, encoding='utf-8'))
return result
# client to use etcd
# not all APIs are implemented below. just implement what we want
3、pycurl
def put (url, data, headers={}): """Make a PUT request to the url, using data in the message body,
with the additional headers, if any"""
reply = -1 # default, non-http response
curl = pycurl.Curl()
curl.setopt(pycurl.URL, url)
if len(headers) > 0:
curl.setopt(pycurl.HTTPHEADER, [k+': '+v for k,v in headers.items()])
curl.setopt(pycurl.PUT, 1)
curl.setopt(pycurl.INFILESIZE, len(data))
databuffer = StringIO(data)
curl.setopt(pycurl.READFUNCTION, databuffer.read)
try:
curl.perform()
reply = curl.getinfo(pycurl.HTTP_CODE)
except Exception:
pass
curl.close()
return reply
4、requests
import requests>>> r = requests.get('https://api.github.com/user', auth=('user', 'pass'))
>>> r.status_code
200
>>> r.headers['content-type']
'application/json; charset=utf8'
>>> r.encoding
'utf-8'
>>> r.text
u'{"type":"User"...'
>>> r.json()
{u'private_gists': 419, u'total_private_repos': 77, ...}
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