ELK收集MySQL慢日志并告警

• Z时代
• 2024-01-10
• 分类：综合

ELK收集MySQL慢日志并告警

采用的是filebeat采集日志，Redis做日志存储，logstash消费处理日志，将处理过的日志存储到ES，kibana做日志展示，Elastalert做监控告警长时间的慢日志。

1. ELK架构的安装

参考文档：https://www.cnblogs.com/98record/p/13648570.html

2. Elastalert 安装

2.1 官方Git代码

采用的是Docker方式部署

[root@centos2 opt]# git clone https://github.com/Yelp/elastalert.git
[root@centos2 opt]# cd elastalert
[root@centos2 elastalert]# ls
changelog.md         docs           Makefile              requirements.txt          tests
config.yaml.example  elastalert     pytest.ini            setup.cfg                 tox.ini
docker-compose.yml   example_rules  README.md             setup.py
Dockerfile-test      LICENSE        requirements-dev.txt  supervisord.conf.example
# 创建Dockerfile
[root@centos2 elastalert]# cat Dockerfile
FROM ubuntu:latest
RUN apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y
RUN apt-get -y install build-essential python3 python3-dev python3-pip libssl-dev git
WORKDIR /home/elastalert
ADD requirements*.txt ./
RUN pip3 install -r requirements-dev.txt
# 编译容器
[root@centos2 elastalert]# docker build -t elastalert:1 .
[root@centos2 elastalert]# docker run -itd --name elastalert  -v `pwd`/:/home/elastalert/ elastalert:1
[root@centos2 elastalert]# docker exec -it elastalert bash
root@45f77d2936d4:/home/elastalert# pip install elastalert

2.2 集成Git代码

因官方的docker代码多年未更新，导致很多问题，而且也为集成钉钉插件，所我特根据我个人的需求，集成了钉钉插件后，并重写了Dockerfile。我已将相关文件上传到我的gitee，并与官方代码合成，有需要的直接拉即可。

git clone https://gitee.com/rubbishes/elastalert-dingtalk.git
cd elastalert
docker build -t elastalert:1 .
docker run -itd --name elastalert  -v `pwd`/:/home/elastalert/ elastalert:1

3.配置

3.1 filebeat配置

[root@mysql-178 filebeat-7.6.0-linux-x86_64]# vim filebeat.yml 
#=========================== Filebeat inputs =============================
filebeat.inputs:
- type: log
  # Change to true to enable this input configuration.
  enabled: true
  # Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths.
  paths:
    - /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-178-slow.log
    #- c:programdataelasticsearchlogs*
  # Exclude lines. A list of regular expressions to match. It drops the lines that are
  # matching any regular expression from the list.
  #exclude_lines: ["^# Time"]
  exclude_lines: ["^# Time|^/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld|^Tcp port|^Time"]
  multiline.pattern: "^# Time|^# User"
  multiline.negate: true
  multiline.match: after
  #配置filebeat是否重头开始读取日志，默认是重头开始的。
  #tail_files: true
  tags: ["mysql-slow-log"]
#============================= Filebeat modules ===============================
filebeat.config.modules:
  # Glob pattern for configuration loading
  path: ${path.config}/modules.d/*.yml
  # Set to true to enable config reloading
  reload.enabled: ture
  # Period on which files under path should be checked for changes
  reload.period: 10s
#==================== Elasticsearch template setting ==========================
setup.template.settings:
  index.number_of_shards: 1
  #index.codec: best_compression
  #_source.enabled: false
#================================ General =====================================
# The name of the shipper that publishes the network data. It can be used to group
# all the transactions sent by a single shipper in the web interface.
name: 10.228.81.178
#============================== Dashboards =====================================
# These settings control loading the sample dashboards to the Kibana index. Loading
# the dashboards is disabled by default and can be enabled either by setting the
# options here or by using the `setup` command.
#setup.dashboards.enabled: false
# The URL from where to download the dashboards archive. By default this URL
# has a value which is computed based on the Beat name and version. For released
# versions, this URL points to the dashboard archive on the artifacts.elastic.co
# website.
#setup.dashboards.url:
#============================== Kibana =====================================
# Starting with Beats version 6.0.0, the dashboards are loaded via the Kibana API.
# This requires a Kibana endpoint configuration.
setup.kibana:
  # Kibana Host
  # Scheme and port can be left out and will be set to the default (http and 5601)
  # In case you specify and additional path, the scheme is required: http://localhost:5601/path
  # IPv6 addresses should always be defined as: https://[2001:db8::1]:5601
  #host: "localhost:5601"
  # Kibana Space ID
  # ID of the Kibana Space into which the dashboards should be loaded. By default,
  # the Default Space will be used.
  #space.id:
#================================ Outputs =====================================
# Configure what output to use when sending the data collected by the beat.
#-------------------------- Elasticsearch output ------------------------------
#output.elasticsearch:
  # Array of hosts to connect to.
#  hosts: ["localhost:9200"]
  # Protocol - either `http` (default) or `https`.
  #protocol: "https"
  # Authentication credentials - either API key or username/password.
  #api_key: "id:api_key"
  #username: "elastic"
  #password: "changeme"
#----------------------------- Logstash output --------------------------------
#output.logstash:
  # The Logstash hosts
#  hosts: ["localhost:5044"]
  # Optional SSL. By default is off.
  # List of root certificates for HTTPS server verifications
  #ssl.certificate_authorities: ["/etc/pki/root/ca.pem"]
  # Certificate for SSL client authentication
  #ssl.certificate: "/etc/pki/client/cert.pem"
  # Client Certificate Key
  #ssl.key: "/etc/pki/client/cert.key"
#================================ Processors =====================================
# Configure processors to enhance or manipulate events generated by the beat.
processors:
  - add_host_metadata: ~
  - add_cloud_metadata: ~
  - add_docker_metadata: ~
  - add_kubernetes_metadata: ~
  #删除字段
  - drop_fields:
       fields: ["beat","offset", "prospector"]
#================================ Logging =====================================
# Sets log level. The default log level is info.
# Available log levels are: error, warning, info, debug
# 刚开始调试的时候可以开启debug模式，后期注释了就行了
#logging.level: debug
# At debug level, you can selectively enable logging only for some components.
# To enable all selectors use ["*"]. Examples of other selectors are "beat",
# "publish", "service".
#logging.selectors: ["*"]
#================================= Migration ==================================
# This allows to enable 6.7 migration aliases
#migration.6_to_7.enabled: true
#输出到Redis
output.redis:
    hosts: ["10.228.81.51:6379"]
    password: "123456"
    db: "1"
    key: "mysqllog"
    timeout: 5
    datatype: list

3.2 logstash配置

建议使用docker与二进制方式部署，rpm包部署的时候提示不支持ruby语句。

input {
    redis {
        host => "10.228.81.51"
        port => 6379
        password => "123456"
        db => "1"
        data_type => "list"
        key => "mysqllog"
    }
}
filter {
    json {
        source => "message"
    }
    grok {
        match => [ "message" , "(?m)^#s+User@Host:s+%{USER:user}[[^]]+]s+@s+(?:(?<clienthost>S*) )?[(?:%{IPV4:clientip})?]s+Id:s+%{NUMBER:row_id:int}
#s+Query_time:s+%{NUMBER:query_time:float}s+Lock_time:s+%{NUMBER:lock_time:float}s+Rows_sent:s+%{NUMBER:rows_sent:int}s+Rows_examined:s+%{NUMBER:rows_examined:int}
s*(?:use %{DATA:database};s*
)?SETs+timestamp=%{NUMBER:timestamp};
s*(?<sql>(?<action>w+).*;)s*(?:
#s+Time)?.*$" ]
    }
#替换时间戳
    date {
        locale => "en"
        match => ["timestamp","UNIX"]
        target => "@timestamp"
    }
#因MySQL使用的是UTC时间跟我们的时间差八小时，所以我们需要将时间戳加8小时再传给ES
    ruby {
        code => "event.set("timestamp", event.get("@timestamp").time.localtime + 8*3600)"
    }
}
output {
   stdout {
   #开启debug模式，调试的时候使用，调试完成后建议关闭，不然日志输出真的大，特别在监控mysql-binglog那种的时候
      codec => rubydebug
   }
   # 这里判断tags标签是否等于 mysql-slow-log，如果是则输出到es，并生成索引为 mysql-slow-log-年月日
   if [tags][0] == "mysql-slow-log" {
        elasticsearch {
        hosts => ["10.228.81.51:9200"]
        index => "%{[tags][0]}-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
      }
   }
}

3.3 Elastalert 配置

3.3.1 config.yaml 配置

先复制一下默认的

cp config.yaml.example config.yaml

然后酌情修改，如下

# 主要是配置es的地址与端口，其他的无需配置
# This is the folder that contains the rule yaml files
# Any .yaml file will be loaded as a rule
rules_folder: example_rules
run_every:
  minutes: 1
buffer_time:
  minutes: 15
# The Elasticsearch hostname for metadata writeback
# Note that every rule can have its own Elasticsearch host
es_host: 10.228.81.51
# The Elasticsearch port
es_port: 9200
# The index on es_host which is used for metadata storage
# This can be a unmapped index, but it is recommended that you run
# elastalert-create-index to set a mapping
writeback_index: elastalert_status
writeback_alias: elastalert_alerts
# If an alert fails for some reason, ElastAlert will retry
# sending the alert until this time period has elapsed
alert_time_limit:
  days: 2

通过我的Git拉取的，直接修改config.yaml 文件配置即可，修改点与上大同。

3.3.2 rule.yaml配置

这主要是配置你的告警规则的

钉钉通知

cd example_rules
cat mysql_rule.yaml
# 配置es的主机与端口
es_host: 10.228.81.51
es_port: 9200
#不使用https协议
use_ssl: False
#定义规则唯一标识，需要唯一性。
name: My-Product Exception Alert
# 指定规则类型
## 支持any，blacklist，whitelist，change，frequency，spike，flatline，new_term，cardinality 类型
### frequency：
type: frequency在相同 query_key条件下，timeframe 范围内有num_events个被过滤出 来的异常；
# 指定索引名，支持通配符，正则匹配与kibana中一样
index: mysql-*
#时间出发的次数
num_events: 1
#和num_events参数关联，也就是说在5分钟内触发1次会报警
timeframe:
  minutes: 5
# 设置告警规则
filter:
- query:
    query_string:
    		# 这里的语法使用的 es中的查询语法，测试的时候可以使用kibana中的查询来过滤出自己想要的内容，然后粘贴至此
            query: "user:eopuser OR user:root"
# 指定需要的字段，如果不指定的话默认是所有字段
include: ["message","clientip","query_time"]
# 告警方式，我这里使用的是钉钉，支持email与企业微信
alert:
- "elastalert_modules.dingtalk_alert.DingTalkAlerter"
# 配置你机器人的api
dingtalk_webhook: "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=96eabeeaf956bb26128fed1259cxxxxxxxxxxfa6b2baeb"
# 钉钉标题，也是机器的关键字
dingtalk_msgtype: "text"
#alert_subject: "test"
# 指定内容格式
alert_text: "
text: 1 
IP: {}
QUERYTIME: {}
"
alert_text_args:
- clientip
- query_time

邮件通知

# 与钉钉没多大区别就是需要配置一下 email的一些相关信息
root@45f77d2936d4:/home/elastalert/example_rules# cat myrule_email.yaml 
es_host: 10.228.81.51
es_port: 9200
use_ssl: False
#name属性要求唯一，这里最好能标示自己的产品
name: My-Product Exception Alert
#类型，我选择任何匹配的条件都发送邮件警告
type: any
#需要监控的索引，支持通配
index: mysql-*
num_events: 50
timeframe:
  hours: 4
filter:
- query:
    query_string:
            query: "user:eopuser OR user:root"
#email的警告方式
alert:
- "email"
#增加邮件内容
alert_text: "test"
#SMTP协议的邮件服务器相关配置（我这里是阿里企业邮箱）
smtp_host: smtp.mxhichina.com
smtp_port: 25
#用户认证文件，需要user和password两个属性
smtp_auth_file: smtp_auth_file.yaml
email_reply_to: test@test.com
from_addr: test@test.com
#需要接受邮件的邮箱地址列表
email:
- "test@test.com"
# 因为我们的账号与密码也写在了yaml文件中了，所以我们需要在同级目录下配置一下
root@45f77d2936d4:/home/elastalert/example_rules# cat smtp_auth_file.yaml 
user: "test@test.com"
password: "123456"

注意： 如果是使用我的代码构建的，需修改 example_rules/myrule.yaml 规则文件，其他规则名无效，或修改我的run.sh脚本也可。

3.3.3 安装dingtalk插件

这是因为使用的原版的制作无dingtalk插件，所以需要手动安装。如采用我的Dockerfile生成的话是已经有了的，可以省略

git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/xuyaoqiang/elastalert-dingtalk-plugin.git
cd  elastalert-dingtalk-plugin/
# 将elastalert_modules目录拷贝到 elastalert 根目录下
cp -r elastalert_modules ../elastalert/

4. 启动

启动顺序

ES > Kibana > elastalert > Redis > Filebeat > Logstash

其实启动顺序主要需要将ES启动先，这样kibana才能起来，然后为了能告警所以我们需要先把elastalert起起来，接着Redis起来为filebeat收集日志做准备，filebeat启动收集日志到Redis，logstash 最后启动 消费Redis中的数据，存到ES。

其他的启动我刚开始的文档中都有，我就不多说了，主要是针对elastalert的启动需要多说一嘴。

一样，如果是使用我的代码生成的docker，那么无需操作这一步。

# 进入容器
[root@centos2 elastalert]# docker exec -it elastalert bash
# 先做个测试规则文件有没有问题
root@45f77d2936d4:/home/elastalert# root@45f77d2936d4:/home/elastalert# elastalert-test-rule example_rules/myrule.yaml
# 没问题就后台运行好了
root@45f77d2936d4:/home/elastalert# nohup python3 -m elastalert.elastalert --verbose --rule example_rules/myrule.yaml &
root@45f77d2936d4:/home/elastalert# exit

5、 扩展

elastalert Dockerfile 文件编写

FROM ubuntu:latest
RUN apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y && apt-get install -y build-essential python3 python3-dev python3-pip libssl-dev git && echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone
WORKDIR /home/elastalert
ADD  ./*   ./
RUN pip install elastalert &&  ln -sf /dev/stdout elastalert.log && ln -sf /dev/stderr elastalert.log
CMD ["/bin/bash","run.sh"]

运行

docker run -itd --name elastalert  -v /root/elastalert/:/home/elastalert/ -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime  elastalert:1

6、官方文档

https://github.com/xuyaoqiang/elastalert-dingtalk-plugin

dingtalk插件

elastalert官方地址

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