递归设置文件的用户/组/权限的java实现

• Z时代
• 2024-01-10
• 分类：综合

测试样例

测试代码如下：

public class FileTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 检查操作系统是否支持posix。
        // 一般像mac和linux都支持，经测试win7不支持
        boolean supportPosix = FileSystems.getDefault().supportedFileAttributeViews().contains("posix");
        if (!supportPosix) {
            System.out.println("Your OS does not support posix.");
            return;
        }
        // 将要设置的权限：用户，组，以及三组读/写/执行的权限
        String owner = "testowner";
        String group = "testgroup";
        PosixFilePermission[] permissions = {
                PosixFilePermission.OWNER_READ,
                PosixFilePermission.OWNER_WRITE,
                PosixFilePermission.OWNER_EXECUTE,
                PosixFilePermission.GROUP_READ,
                PosixFilePermission.GROUP_WRITE,
                PosixFilePermission.GROUP_EXECUTE,
                PosixFilePermission.OTHERS_READ,
                PosixFilePermission.OTHERS_WRITE,
                PosixFilePermission.OTHERS_EXECUTE,
        };
        changePermission("/opt/test", true, owner, group, permissions);
    }
    private static void changePermission(String pathStr, boolean isRecurisive, String owner, String group, PosixFilePermission... permissions) {
        Path path = Paths.get(pathStr);
        if (!Files.exists(path)) {
            System.out.println(pathStr + " not exists!");
            return;
        };
        try {
            System.out.format("Before, %s ", pathStr);
            readTargetPermission(path);
            // 设置permission，相当于linux命令chmod
            Set<PosixFilePermission> perms = new HashSet<>();
            for (PosixFilePermission permission : permissions) {
                perms.add(permission);
            }
            Files.setPosixFilePermissions(path, perms);
            // 设置用户和组，相当于linux命令chown
            // 要保证用户和组存在，否则lookupService会抛UserPrincipalNotFoundException
            UserPrincipalLookupService lookupService = FileSystems.getDefault().getUserPrincipalLookupService();
            GroupPrincipal groupPrincipal = lookupService.lookupPrincipalByGroupName(group);
            UserPrincipal userPrincipal = lookupService.lookupPrincipalByName(owner);
            PosixFileAttributeView view = Files.getFileAttributeView(path, PosixFileAttributeView.class);
            view.setGroup(groupPrincipal);
            view.setOwner(userPrincipal);
            System.out.format("After, %s ", pathStr);
            readTargetPermission(path);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            if (e instanceof UserPrincipalNotFoundException) {
                System.out.format("group "%s" or owner "%s" not exist%n", group, owner);
                return;
            }
            System.out.format("%s set permission failed%n", pathStr);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 当是目录的时候，递归设置文件权限
        if (isRecurisive && Files.isDirectory(path)) {
            try (DirectoryStream<Path> ds = Files.newDirectoryStream(path)) {
                for (Path subPath : ds) {
                    changePermission(pathStr + File.separator + subPath.getFileName(), true, owner, group, permissions);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    // print current permission of folder/file
    private static void readTargetPermission(Path path) throws IOException {
        Set<PosixFilePermission> filePermissions = Files.readAttributes(path, PosixFileAttributes.class).permissions();
        GroupPrincipal fileGroup = Files.readAttributes(path, PosixFileAttributes.class).group();
        UserPrincipal fileOwner = Files.readAttributes(path, PosixFileAttributes.class).owner();
        System.out.format("permissions: %s, user: %s, group: %s%n", PosixFilePermissions.toString(filePermissions), fileOwner, fileGroup); 
    }
}

控制台输出如下：

Before, /opt/test permissions: rwx------, user: root, group: root
After, /opt/test permissions: rwxrwxrwx, user: testowner, group: testgroup
Before, /opt/test/testFolder permissions: rwx------, user: root, group: root
After, /opt/test/testFolder permissions: rwxrwxrwx, user: testowner, group: testgroup
Before, /opt/test/testFolder/testFile2 permissions: rw-------, user: root, group: root
After, /opt/test/testFolder/testFile2 permissions: rwxrwxrwx, user: testowner, group: testgroup
Before, /opt/test/testFile permissions: rw-------, user: root, group: root
After, /opt/test/testFile permissions: rwxrwxrwx, user: testowner, group: testgroup

通过对比，目录以及该目录下的所有子目录和文件，权限都变成了777，用户都由root变为了testowner，组都有root变为了testgroup。

总结

Java Nio提供了强大及友好的类库，方便我们对文件进行各种操作。

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