定时任务框架Quartz学习笔记（一）

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：综合

Quartz 简介

Quartz 是一个功能丰富且开源的作业调度库，从最小的独立应用程序到最大的电子商务系统，它几乎可以集成到任何 Java 应用中。
Quartz 既可以创建简单的作业，也可以创建数以万计的复杂作业，它的作业定义符合标准 Java 组件规范，几乎可以执行所编写的所有内容。此外，它还包含许多企业级的功能，例如对 JTA 事务和集群的支持。
作业调度这个名词听着很高大上，通俗理解就是需要程序在固定时间做的某些事情，而 Quartz 这个框架就可以帮我们做这个事情，而且它可以很方便的和我们的应用进行集成使用。

Quartz 快速开始指南

1.下载与安装

官网下载地址：http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/downloads，选择稳定版本(Stable Releases)下载

安装
- 将下载的稳定版本(例如：quartz-2.3.0-distribution.tar.gz)进行解压缩操作。获取解压文件夹 lib 下的 jar 包。
- 新建一个 Java 项目，在项目根目录下新建 lib 文件夹，将 Quartz 所需要的 jar 包全部复制过来。
- 配置 Quartz 所需要的 jar 为依赖项(不同IDE操作方式不一样，以IDEA为例)
- 新建 HelloJob.java、QuartzTest.java、quartz.properties、log4j.properties。

HelloJob.java

package org.demo.quickstart;  
import org.quartz.Job;  
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;  
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;  
import org.slf4j.Logger;  
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;  
import java.util.Date;  
public class HelloJob implements Job {  
  private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloJob.class);  
 public HelloJob() {  
 }  
  @Override  
  public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {  
 _log.info("Hello World! - " + new Date());  
  }  
}`

QuartzTest.java

package org.demo.quickstart;  
import org.quartz.JobBuilder;  
import org.quartz.JobDetail;  
import org.quartz.Scheduler;  
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;  
import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder;  
import org.quartz.Trigger;  
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;  
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;  
public class QuartzTest {  
  public static void main(String[] args) {  
  try {  
  // Grab the Scheduler instance from the Factory  
  Scheduler scheduler = StdSchedulerFactory.getDefaultScheduler();  
  // and start it off  
  scheduler.start();  
  JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(HelloJob.class)  
  .withIdentity("job1", "group1")  
  .build();  
  // Trigger the job to run now, and then repeat every 3 seconds  
  Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()  
  .withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")  
  .startNow()  
  .withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule()  
  .withIntervalInSeconds(3)  
  .repeatForever())  
  .build();  
  // Tell quartz to schedule the job using our trigger  
  scheduler.scheduleJob(job, trigger);  
  Thread.sleep(12000);  
  scheduler.shutdown();  
  } catch (SchedulerException | InterruptedException se) {  
  se.printStackTrace();  
  }  
 }
 }

log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=debug,console
# 控制台(console)  
log4j.appender.console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender  
log4j.appender.console.Threshold=debug  
log4j.appender.console.ImmediateFlush=true  
log4j.appender.console.Target=System.out  
log4j.appender.console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout  
log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} [%p] [%l]: %m%n

quartz.properties

org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = MyScheduler  
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 3  
org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore

2.启动与效果预览

启动：运行 QuartzTest.java 中的 main 方法。

预览（运行日志）

"C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202injava.exe" "-javaagent:D:developerIntelliJ IDEA 2019.3.1libidea_rt.jar=50796:D:developerIntelliJ IDEA 2019.3.1in" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibcharsets.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibdeploy.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibextaccess-bridge-64.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibextcldrdata.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibextdnsns.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibextjaccess.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibextjfxrt.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibextlocaledata.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibext ashorn.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibextsunec.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibextsunjce_provider.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibextsunmscapi.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibextsunpkcs11.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibextzipfs.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibjavaws.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibjce.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibjfr.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibjfxswt.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibjsse.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibmanagement-agent.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibplugin.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibesources.jar;C:Program FilesJavajdk1.8.0_202jrelibt.jar;D:developerDataideaProjectsframeworkquartzoutproductionquartz;D:developerDataideaProjectsframeworkquartzlibc3p0-0.9.5.2.jar;D:developerDataideaProjectsframeworkquartzliblog4j-1.2.16.jar;D:developerDataideaProjectsframeworkquartzlibslf4j-api-1.7.7.jar;D:developerDataideaProjectsframeworkquartzlibslf4j-log4j12-1.7.7.jar;D:developerDataideaProjectsframeworkquartzlibquartz-2.3.0-SNAPSHOT.jar;D:developerDataideaProjectsframeworkquartzlibquartz-jobs-2.3.0-SNAPSHOT.jar;D:developerDataideaProjectsframeworkquartzexamplegf.javax.transaction-1.1.jar;D:developerDataideaProjectsframeworkquartzexamplequartz-examples-2.3.0-SNAPSHOT.jar" org.demo.quickstart.QuartzTest [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:22.308 下午 main [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory] Using default implementation for ThreadExecutor [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:22.321 下午 main [org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl] Initialized Scheduler Signaller of type: class org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:22.322 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Quartz Scheduler v.2.3.0-SNAPSHOT created. [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:22.322 下午 main [org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore] RAMJobStore initialized. [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:22.323 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler meta-data: Quartz Scheduler (v2.3.0-SNAPSHOT) "MyScheduler" with instanceId "NON_CLUSTERED" Scheduler class: "org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler" - running locally. NOT STARTED. Currently in standby mode. Number of jobs executed: 0 Using thread pool "org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool" - with 3 threads. Using job-store "org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore" - which does not support persistence. and is not clustered. [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:22.323 下午 main [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory] Quartz scheduler "MyScheduler" initialized from default resource file in Quartz package: "quartz.properties" [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:22.323 下午 main [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory] Quartz scheduler version: 2.3.0-SNAPSHOT [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:22.323 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler MyScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started. [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:22.342 下午 MyScheduler_Worker-1 [org.demo.quickstart.HelloJob] Hello World! - Mon Feb 24 23:31:22 GMT+08:00 2020 [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:25.327 下午 MyScheduler_Worker-2 [org.demo.quickstart.HelloJob] Hello World! - Mon Feb 24 23:31:25 GMT+08:00 2020 [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:28.326 下午 MyScheduler_Worker-3 [org.demo.quickstart.HelloJob] Hello World! - Mon Feb 24 23:31:28 GMT+08:00 2020 [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:31.326 下午 MyScheduler_Worker-1 [org.demo.quickstart.HelloJob] Hello World! - Mon Feb 24 23:31:31 GMT+08:00 2020 [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:34.326 下午 MyScheduler_Worker-2 [org.demo.quickstart.HelloJob] Hello World! - Mon Feb 24 23:31:34 GMT+08:00 2020 [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:34.329 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler MyScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED shutting down. [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:34.329 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler MyScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED paused. [INFO] 24 二月 11:31:34.330 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler MyScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED shutdown complete. Process finished with exit code 0