DjangoRESTframework视图

  • Z时代
  • 2024-01-10
  • 分类：综合

coding

 Django REST framework视图

学习序列化的时候发现有大量的冗余代码，所以我们要使用Django REST framework里的视图减少我们的代码

DRF中的request

在Django REST Framework中内置的Request类扩展了Django中的Request类，实现了很多方便的功能--如请求数据解析和认证等。

比如，区别于Django中的request从request.GET中获取URL参数，从request.POST中取某些情况下的POST数据。

在APIView中封装的request，就实现了请求数据的解析：

对于GET请求的参数我们通过request.query_params来获取。

对于POST请求、PUT请求的数据我们通过request.data来获取。

学习序列化时的部分

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from .models import *
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.core import serializers
from rest_framework import serializers
class BookSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
          model=Book
          fields="__all__"
#depth=1
class PublshSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
          model=Publish
          fields="__all__"
          depth=1
class BookViewSet(APIView):
def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        book_list=Book.objects.all()
        bs=BookSerializers(book_list,many=True,context={'request': request})
return Response(bs.data)
def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
print(request.data)
        bs=BookSerializers(data=request.data,many=False)
if bs.is_valid():
print(bs.validated_data)
            bs.save()
return Response(bs.data)
else:
return HttpResponse(bs.errors)
class BookDetailViewSet(APIView):
def get(self,request,pk):
        book_obj=Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        bs=BookSerializers(book_obj,context={'request': request})
return Response(bs.data)
def put(self,request,pk):
        book_obj=Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        bs=BookSerializers(book_obj,data=request.data,context={'request': request})
if bs.is_valid():
            bs.save()
return Response(bs.data)
else:
return HttpResponse(bs.errors)
class PublishViewSet(APIView):
def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        publish_list=Publish.objects.all()
        bs=PublshSerializers(publish_list,many=True,context={'request': request})
return Response(bs.data)
def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        bs=PublshSerializers(data=request.data,many=False)
if bs.is_valid():
# print(bs.validated_data)
            bs.save()
return Response(bs.data)
else:
return HttpResponse(bs.errors)
class PublishDetailViewSet(APIView):
def get(self,request,pk):
        publish_obj=Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        bs=PublshSerializers(publish_obj,context={'request': request})
return Response(bs.data)
def put(self,request,pk):
        publish_obj=Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        bs=PublshSerializers(publish_obj,data=request.data,context={'request': request})
if bs.is_valid():
            bs.save()
return Response(bs.data)
else:
return HttpResponse(bs.errors)

View Code

mixin混合类编写视图

from rest_framework import mixins
from rest_framework import generics
class BookViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin,
                  mixins.CreateModelMixin,
                  generics.GenericAPIView):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializers
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)
class BookDetailViewSet(mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,
                    mixins.UpdateModelMixin,
                    mixins.DestroyModelMixin,
                    generics.GenericAPIView):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializers
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)
def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)
def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)

使用通用的基于类的视图

通过使用mixin类，我们使用更少的代码重写了这些视图，但我们还可以再进一步。REST框架提供了一组已经混合好（mixed-in）的通用视图，我们可以使用它来简化我们的views.py模块。

from rest_framework import mixins
from rest_framework import generics
class BookViewSet(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializers
class BookDetailViewSet(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializers
class PublishViewSet(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PublshSerializers
class PublishDetailViewSet(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PublshSerializers

使用视图集

只写一个视图类，那就需要改urls了，让他们都指向那一个类：

url(r'^books/$', views.BookViewSet.as_view({
                "get":"list",
                "post":"create"
            }),name="book_list"),
    url(r'^books/(?P<pk>\d+)$', views.BookViewSet.as_view({
'get': 'retrieve',
'put': 'update',
'patch': 'partial_update',
'delete': 'destroy'
            }),name="book_detail"),

views.py:

from rest_framework import viewsets
class BookViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializers

高级路由

捂脸表情，路由还能再简化一次

from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'school', views.SchoolView)
router.register(r'student', views.SchoolView)
# 注册完后会帮你生成url只需要加入到url里
urlpatterns += router.urls 或 url(r'', include(routers.urls))

原理流程图

以上是 DjangoRESTframework视图 的全部内容， 来源链接： utcz.com/z/509755.html

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