Python自学，Day2-Python基础
本节内容
1.sys模块
2.列表、元组操作
3.字符串操作
4.字典操作
1、模块初识
Python的强大之处在于他有非常丰富和强大的标准库和第三方库，几乎任何功能都有相应的Python库支持（看着老NB了哈......）
- sys 系统模块
1 import sys2 print(sys.path)
含义：打印系统环境变量列表
- os 系统模块
1 import os2
3 cmd_res=os.system("df -h")#打印到屏幕上，不保存结果
4
5 print("打印结果：",cmd_res)#0代表命令执行的结果为成功
ps：没有搞明白这个具体有什么用.....
调用外部非标准的模块
规则：
1、调用的非标准模块时，先为当前路径变量寻找，如果找不到则从全局变量中寻找；
2、如果从当前路径变量和全局环境变量中均无该变量，则程序会提示：No module named \'userloging\' ＃\'userloging\'为调用的外部变量
3、解决方案：
1）、将需调用的模块copy至当前环境变量中
2）、将需调用的模块copy至全局环境变量中
3）、程序调用时，声明调用模块的路径
2. what is .pyc?
简述Python的运行过程
PyCodeObject和pyc文件：PyCodeObject则是Python编译器真正编译成的结果；pyc是预编译后的字节码文件；
当python程序运行时，编译的结果则是保存在位于内存中的PyCodeObject中，当Python程序运行结束时，Python解释器则将PyCodeObject写回到pyc文件中。
当python程序第二次运行时，首先程序会在硬盘中寻找pyc文件，如果找到，则直接载入，否则就重复上面的过程。
所以我们应该这样来定位PyCodeObject和pyc文件，我们说pyc文件其实是PyCodeObject的一种持久化保存方式。
此处跳过一堆的数据和数据运算相关的内容。。。
3、列表、元组操作
列表的含义与数组相同；元组为只读数组，不可更改。
（1）、定义列表
names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]
数组角标从左至右依次为0、1、2...
（2）、获取列表中元素
1）、单个元素
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2
3 print(names[1])
输出结果：quan
当取元素较多，直接取最后一个元素时
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 print(names[-1])
输出结果：ace 备注：-1代表从最后一个元素开始读取
2）、多个元素
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 print(names[1],names[3])
输出结果：quan ace
3）、连续多个元素（切片）
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 print(names[1:3])
输出结果：[\'quan\', \'xin\'] 遵循左闭右开的原则
从第一位开始获取
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 print(names[0:1])
输出结果：[\'shang\'] 备注：0可以不写，结果相同
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 print(names[:1])
倒叙切片
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 print(names[-3:-1])
输出结果：[\'quan\', \'xin\'] 备注：因左闭右开规则，-1位的元素并无法取到
可以取到最后一位元素
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 print(names[-3:])
输出结果：
[\'quan\', \'xin\', \'ace\']
（3）、添加元素
1）、最后一位添加（append）
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 names.append("pm")
3 print(names)
输出结果：[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'xin\', \'ace\', \'pm\']
2）、任意位置添加（insert）
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 names.insert(1,"pm")
3 print(names)
输出结果：[\'shang\', \'pm\', \'quan\', \'xin\', \'ace\'] 其中“1”代表需要插入的位置
（4）、改元素
改任意位置元素
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 names[3]="Ace"
3 print(names)
输出结果：[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'xin\', \'Ace\'] 直接改变数组中参数的值
（5）、删除
1)、del 删除
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 del names[3]
3 print(names)
输出结果：[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'xin\']
2）、remove删除
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 names.remove("xin")
3 print(names)
输出结果：[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'ace\']
3)、pop删除
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 names.pop()
3 print(names)
输出结果：[\'shang\', \'xin\', \'ace\'] 不输入角标时，默认删除最后一个元素
设置角标时，则同del
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 names.pop(1)
3 print(names)
输出结果：[\'shang\', \'xin\', \'ace\']
（6）、获取元素角标 index
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace"]2 index=names.index("xin")
3 print(index)
输出结果：2 使用index时获取元素角标
（7）、统计数组中元素的个数 count
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace","xin"]2 count=names.count("xin")
3 print(count)
输出结果：2 使用count进行统计
（8）、清空数组 clear
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace","xin"]2 names.clear()
3 print(names)
输出结果：[]
（9）、反转元素顺序 reverse
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace","xin"]2 names.reverse()
3 print(names)
输出结果：[\'xin\', \'ace\', \'xin\', \'quan\', \'shang\']
（10）、排序 sort
1 names=["shang","quan","xin","ace","xin"]2 names.sort()
3 print(names)
输出结果：[\'ace\', \'quan\', \'shang\', \'xin\', \'xin\']
备注：排序优先级为：特殊符号>数字>大写字母>小写字母（阿斯玛值排序）
（11）、合并 extend
names=["shang","quan","xin","ace","xin"]names2=["gome"]
names.extend(names2)
print(names)
输出结果：[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'xin\', \'ace\', \'xin\', \'gome\']
备注：name2依然存在
（12）、删除数组
1 del names2
(13)、复制 copy
1)、浅copy
1 names=["shang","quan","xin",["pm","python","pycharm"],"ace","xin"]2 names2=names.copy()
3 print(names)
4 print(names2)
输出结果：
[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'xin\', [\'pm\', \'python\', \'pycharm\'], \'ace\', \'xin\']
[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'xin\', [\'pm\', \'python\', \'pycharm\'], \'ace\', \'xin\']
修改names2中元素
1 names=["shang","quan","xin",["pm","python","pycharm"],"ace","xin"]2 names2=names.copy()
3 names2[2]="XIN"
4 print(names)
5 print(names2)
输出结果：
[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'xin\', [\'pm\', \'python\', \'pycharm\'], \'ace\', \'xin\']
[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'XIN\', [\'pm\', \'python\', \'pycharm\'], \'ace\', \'xin\']
修改name2数组中数组元素
1 names=["shang","quan","xin",["pm","python","pycharm"],"ace","xin"]2 names2=names.copy()
3 names2[3][0]="PM"
4 print(names)
5 print(names2)
输出结果：
[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'xin\', [\'PM\', \'python\', \'pycharm\'], \'ace\', \'xin\']
[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'xin\', [\'PM\', \'python\', \'pycharm\'], \'ace\', \'xin\']
备注：copy只复制了第一层元素，第二层元素则时复制的空间内存地址，当空间内容修改，原时的数组names也修改
数组直接赋值
1 names=["shang","quan","xin",["pm","python","pycharm"],"ace","xin"]2 names2=names
3 names[2]="鑫"
4 names2[3][0]="PM"
5 print(names)
6 print(names2)
输出结果：
[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'鑫\', [\'PM\', \'python\', \'pycharm\'], \'ace\', \'xin\']
[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'鑫\', [\'PM\', \'python\', \'pycharm\'], \'ace\', \'xin\']
备注 :数组赋值，只是数组的内存地址赋值，两个数组指向的是同一个内存地址
其他写法
1 import copy2
3 names=["shang","quan",["pm","python","pycharm"],"ace","xin","python"]
4 names2=copy.copy(names)
5 names3=names[:]
6 names4=list(names)
7
8 names[4]="鑫"
9 names2[2][0]="PM"
10 names3[2][1]="PYTHON"
11 names4[2][2]="PYCHARM"
12 print(names)
13 print(names2)
14 print(names3)
15 print(names4)
输出结果：
[\'shang\', \'quan\', [\'PM\', \'PYTHON\', \'PYCHARM\'], \'ace\', \'鑫\', \'python\']
[\'shang\', \'quan\', [\'PM\', \'PYTHON\', \'PYCHARM\'], \'ace\', \'xin\', \'python\']
[\'shang\', \'quan\', [\'PM\', \'PYTHON\', \'PYCHARM\'], \'ace\', \'xin\', \'python\']
[\'shang\', \'quan\', [\'PM\', \'PYTHON\', \'PYCHARM\'], \'ace\', \'xin\', \'python\']
备注：引用copy模块，name2是用copy函数下的浅copy，name3是用完全切片，name4是使用工厂函数
2）、深copy
1 import copy2
3 names=["shang","quan","xin",["pm","python","pycharm"],"ace","xin"]
4 names2=copy.deepcopy(names)
5 names[2]="鑫"
6 names2[3][0]="PM"
7 print(names)
8 print(names2)
输出结果：
[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'鑫\', [\'pm\', \'python\', \'pycharm\'], \'ace\', \'xin\']
[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'xin\', [\'PM\', \'python\', \'pycharm\'], \'ace\', \'xin\']
备注：引用copy模块，使用copy.deepcopy()，两个独立的数组元素
3）、列表循环打印
1 names=["shang","quan","xin",["pm","python","pycharm"],"ace","xin"]2 names2=copy.deepcopy(names)
3 names[2]="鑫"
4 names2[3][0]="PM"
5 print(names)
6 print(names2)
7
8 for i in names2:
9 print(i)
输出结果：
[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'鑫\', [\'pm\', \'python\', \'pycharm\'], \'ace\', \'xin\']
[\'shang\', \'quan\', \'xin\', [\'PM\', \'python\', \'pycharm\'], \'ace\', \'xin\']
shang
quan
xin
[\'PM\', \'python\', \'pycharm\']
ace
xin
备注：循环打印，只需打印索引角标即可，ps，如此简单.....
（14）、定义元组
1 names=(\'shang\',\'quan\',\'xin\')2 print(names)
输出：(\'shang\', \'quan\', \'xin\')
备注：元素不可更改，所以无可编辑功能
程序练习
请闭眼写出以下程序。
程序：购物车程序
需求:
- 启动程序后，让用户输入工资，然后打印商品列表
- 允许用户根据商品编号购买商品
- 用户选择商品后，检测余额是否够，够就直接扣款，不够就提醒
- 可随时退出，退出时，打印已购买商品和余额
1 product_list=[2 (\'iphone\',5800),
3 (\'mac pro\',12000),
4 (\'starbucks\',37),
5 (\'python\',10000),
6 (\'book\',45),
7 (\'apple\',6),
8 (\'bike\',800)
9 ]
10 product_neeeded=[]
11 while True:
12 salary = input("Input your salary：")
13 if salary.isdigit():#判断是否是数字
14 salary=int(salary)
15 break
16 else:
17 print("Please input the number！")
18 while True:
19 for item in product_list:
20 print(product_list.index(item), item)
21 shopping=input("Input the product number of you need: ")
22 if shopping.isdigit():
23 shopping=int(shopping)
24 if shopping >=0 and shopping<len(product_list):
25 price=product_list[shopping][1]
26 if price<=salary:
27 salary-=price
28 product_neeeded.append(product_list[shopping])
29 for added in product_neeeded:
30 print(added)
31 print("remind banlance:",salary)
32 shopping_reslut=input("do you want continue? Y/N:")
33 if shopping_reslut=="Y":
34 continue
35 else:
36 break
37 else:
38 print("the salary is not enough!remind banlance:",salary)
39 shopping_reslut = input("do you want continue? Y/N:")
40 if shopping_reslut == "Y":
41 continue
42 else:
43 break
44 else:
45 print("Please input the right number of product!")
46 else:
47 print("Please input the right number of product!")
48 print("------------shopping_list------------")
49 for added in product_neeeded:
50 print(added)
51 print("remind banlance:", salary)
View Code
备注：第一个自己码的代码，如有不妥的地方，欢迎大神开喷～（心境跟第一次做C课程设计一样儿一样儿的）
4、字符串操作 string
- capitalize 首字母大写
1 name="ace shang"2 print(name.capitalize())
输出结果：Ace shang
- count 统计个数
1 name="ace shang"2 print(name.count("a"))
输出结果：2 统计string中a的个数
- center 将输入的字符串剧中
1 name="ace shang"2 print(name.center(50,"-"))
输出结果：--------------------ace shang--------------------- 备注：输出50个字符，不足则以“－”补充，并将name居中
- endswith 校验字符串结尾
1 name="aceshang@qq.com"2 print(name.endswith(".com"))
输出结果：True 可以用于校验输入内容格式是否满足要求，例如邮箱结尾
- expandtabs 将\t转换成要求的空格数输出
1 name="ace\tshang@qq.com"2 print(name.expandtabs(3))
输出结果：ace shang@qq.com
- find 查询输入项在字符串中位置
1 name="aceshang@qq.com"2 print(name.find("a"))
输出结果：0
1 name="aceshang@qq.com"2 print(name.find("p"))
输出结果：-1 不存在时，默认-1
1 name="aceshang@qq.com"2 print(name.find("ace"))
输出结果：0 若输入项是一串，按第一个字符查询，
- format 构造格式
1 name="my name is {} and my age is {}"2 print(name.format("ace",29))
输出结果：my name is ace and my age is 29
角标定义位置
1 name="my name is {0} and my age is {1}"2 print(name.format("ace",29))
输出结果：my name is ace and my age is 29
按定义的角标与输入项对应
1 name="my name is {1} and my age is {0}"2 print(name.format("ace",29))
输出结果：my name is 29 and my age is ace
参数定义位置
1 name="my name is {name} and my age is {age}"2 print(name.format(name="ace",age=29))
输出结果：my name is ace and my age is 29
- format_map 字典形式构造格式
1 name="my name is {name} and my age is {age}"2 print(name.format_map({\'name\':\'ace\',\'age\':30}))
输出结果：my name is ace and my age is 30 数据字典：{\'name\':\'ace\',\'age\':30}
- index 查询索引值
1 name="my name is {name} and my age is {age}"2 print(name.index("m"))
输出结果：0
- isalnum 是否是阿拉伯数字或者英文字母
1 name="abc1A"2 print(name.isalnum())
输出结果：True
如果有特殊字符，则为False
1 name="abc1A$＃"2 print(name.isalnum())
输出结果：False
- isalpha 是否是纯英文字符
1 name="abcQ"2 print(name.isalpha())
输出结果：True
- isdecimal 是否是十进制
1 name="1222"2 print(name.isdecimal())
输出结果：True
- isdigit 是否是整数
1 name="12"2 print(name.isdigit())
输出结果：True
- isidentifier 判读是否是合法的标示符
1 name="ab12"2 print(name.isidentifier())
输出结果：True 备注：有空格、特殊字符为不合法
- islower 是否是小写
- isupper 是否是大些
- join 链接
1 name=["a","b","c"]2 print("|".join(name))
输出结果：a|b|c 用指定符号将字符串拼接
- ljust 左对其
- rjust 右对其
1 name="my name is ace"2 print(name.ljust(50,"*"))
3 print(name.rjust(50,"-"))
输出结果：
my name is ace************************************ 备注：总长度50，不足用定义字符补充
------------------------------------my name is ace
- lower 变为小写
- upper 变为大些
1 name="My Name Is Ace"2 print(name.lower())
3 print(name.upper())
输出结果：
my name is ace
MY NAME IS ACE
- lstrip 去掉左边的空格和换行（\n）
- rstrip 去掉右边的空格和换行
- strip 去调两边的空格和换行
1 name=" My Name Is Ace\n"2 print(name.lstrip())
3 print(name.rstrip())
4 print(name.strip())
5
6 #输出结果
7 My Name Is Ace
8
9 My Name Is Ace
10 My Name Is Ace
- maketrans 作字符转换编码
- translate 字符变换
1 intab="abcdefghijklmn"2 outtab="!@#$%^&*()_+QW"
3 incode=str.maketrans(intab,outtab)
4 print("my name is ace".translate(incode))
5
6 #输出结果
7 Qy W!Q% (s !#%
备注：先用maketrans编码，然后使用translate进行字符转换
- replace 替换
1 name=\'Ace Angle\'2 print(name.replace(\'A\',\'a\',1))#将A替换成a，替换个数为1个
3
4 #输出结果
5 ace Angle
- rfind 查询最右一位指定内容的角标
1 name=\'Ace Angle\'2 print(name.rfind(\'e\'))
3
4 #输出结果
5 8
备注：最后一个e的角标值
- split 按照分隔符将字符串分割成数组
1 1 name=\'Alce Angle\'2 2 print(name.split())
3 3 print(name.split(\'l\'))
4 4
5 5 #输出结果
6 6 [\'Alce\', \'Angle\'] #默认空格分割
7 7 [\'A\', \'ce Ang\', \'e\'] #按照\'l\'进行分割
- swapcase 大小字母互换
1 name=\'Ace Angle\'2 print(name.swapcase())
3
4 #输出结果
5 aCE aNGLE
- title 将每个字符的首字母大写
1 name=\'ace angle\'2 print(name.title())
3
4 #输出结果
5 Ace Angle
5、字典操作
1 #定义字典2 info={
3 \'no101\':"Ace Shang",
4 \'no102\':"Baobao Feng",
5 \'no103\':"Chulan Zhang",
6 \'no104\':"Zhenqiu Wang",
7 }
8
9 #打印资料
10 print("1:",info) #打印是无序的
11
12 #精确查找，明确知道key值
13 print("2:",info["no102"]) #当没有改key时，程序报错
14
15 print("3:",info.get(\'no106\')) #没有该key时，返回none
16 print("4:",info.get(\'no103\')) #有该key时，则返回对应的value
17
18 print("5:",\'no109\' in info) #判断no109是否在info的字典中
19
20 #修改字典内容
21 info["no101"]="Ye Wang"
22 print("6:",info)
23
24 #新增
25 info["no105"]="Qing Zhuge"
26 print("7:",info)
27
28 #删除
29 del info["no104"]
30 print("8:",info)
31
32 info.pop("no105")
33 print("9:",info)
34
35 #删除随机项（尽量不用）
36 info.popitem()
37 print("10:",info)
38
39
40 #输出结果
41 1: {\'no101\': \'Ace Shang\', \'no102\': \'Baobao Feng\', \'no103\': \'Chulan Zhang\', \'no104\': \'Zhenqiu Wang\'}
42 2: Baobao Feng
43 3: None
44 4: Chulan Zhang
45 5: False
46 6: {\'no101\': \'Ye Wang\', \'no102\': \'Baobao Feng\', \'no103\': \'Chulan Zhang\', \'no104\': \'Zhenqiu Wang\'}
47 7: {\'no101\': \'Ye Wang\', \'no102\': \'Baobao Feng\', \'no103\': \'Chulan Zhang\', \'no104\': \'Zhenqiu Wang\', \'no105\': \'Qing Zhuge\'}
48 8: {\'no101\': \'Ye Wang\', \'no102\': \'Baobao Feng\', \'no103\': \'Chulan Zhang\', \'no105\': \'Qing Zhuge\'}
49 9: {\'no101\': \'Ye Wang\', \'no102\': \'Baobao Feng\', \'no103\': \'Chulan Zhang\'}
50 10: {\'no101\': \'Ye Wang\', \'no102\': \'Baobao Feng\'}
- 多级字典嵌套及操作
1 #多级嵌套2 under_one_person={
3 "NaDouTong":{
4 "Chulan Zhang":["不摇碧莲","无形大贱","炁体源流","月下观鸟"],
5 "Baobao Feng":["社会我宝儿姐","机智一逼","阿威十八式","冈本零点零一"],
6 "Fangxu Zhao":["公司大Boss","心思细腻","知道宝儿姐身份","威望极高"]
7 },
8 "Region":{
9 "Northeast":["leader:高廉","temporary：二壮(高钰珊)"],
10 "North China":["leader:徐四","temporary：冯宝宝"],
11 "East China":["leader:窦乐","temporary：肖自在"],
12 "Central China":["leader:任菲","temporary：黑管儿"],
13 "Westeast":["leader:华风","temporary:老孟"],
14 "Westsouth":["leader:郝意","temporary:王震球"]
15 },
16 "8Buff":{
17 "张怀义":["甲申之乱的罪魁祸首","挂：炁体源流","不摇碧莲的爷爷"],
18 "无根生":["公认的天下第一搅屎棍","挂：神明灵","全性掌门"],
19 "风天养":["凉山大觋","挂：拘灵遣将","被王家控制，截胡buff"],
20 "郑子步":["茅山上清","挂：通天箓","陆瑾的好友"],
21 "周圣":["武当弟子","挂：风后奇门","下落不明"],
22 "马本在":["炼器师","挂：神机百炼","老马的的曾祖父"],
23 "阮丰":["干城章嘉峰上修行","挂：六库仙贼","传授于巴伦"],
24 "谷畸亭":["全性中人","挂：大罗洞观","不详"],
25 "端木瑛":["不详","挂：双全手","不详"]
26 }
27 }
28
29 for i in under_one_person:
30 print(i) #打印key
31
32 #变更value值
33 under_one_person["8Buff"]["周圣"][2]="也总已习得该技能"
34 print(under_one_person["8Buff"]["周圣"])
35
36 #输出结果
37 NaDouTong
38 Region
39 8Buff
40 [\'武当弟子\', \'挂：风后奇门\', \'也总已习得该技能\']
View Code
- 字典的其他操作
1 info={ 2 \'no101\':"Ace Shang",
3 \'no102\':"Baobao Feng",
4 \'no103\':"Chulan Zhang",
5 \'no104\':"Zhenqiu Wang",
6 }
7
8 #打印字典values
9 print("1:",info.values())
10
11 #打印字典的key
12 print("2:",info.keys())
13
14 #setdefault
15 print("3:",info.setdefault("no104","Ye Wang")) #当key存在时，则获取key值对应的value，并输出此value
16 print("4:",info.setdefault("no105","Si Xu")) #当key不存时，则新增key值并赋相应的value，同时输出新赋值的value
17 print("5:",info)
18
19 #update
20 new_info={1:2,"no101":"Zhiwei Zhang",4:5,}
21 info.update(new_info) #将new_info合并至info，并且将已经存在key的value更新为新的value
22 print("6:",info)
23
24 #item
25 print("7:",info.items()) #将字典转化成列表
26
27 #循环dict
28 for key in info:
29 print(key,info[key]) #key输出字典的key值，info[key]输出key对应的value
30
31 #循环dict之item
32 for k,v in info.items(): #将字典转换成列表，别按照列表对应的关系进行输出；当数据量大时，勿用该方法
33 print(k,v)
34
35 #输出结果
36 1: dict_values([\'Ace Shang\', \'Baobao Feng\', \'Chulan Zhang\', \'Zhenqiu Wang\'])
37 2: dict_keys([\'no101\', \'no102\', \'no103\', \'no104\'])
38 3: Zhenqiu Wang
39 4: Si Xu
40 5: {\'no101\': \'Ace Shang\', \'no102\': \'Baobao Feng\', \'no103\': \'Chulan Zhang\', \'no104\': \'Zhenqiu Wang\', \'no105\': \'Si Xu\'}
41 6: {\'no101\': \'Zhiwei Zhang\', \'no102\': \'Baobao Feng\', \'no103\': \'Chulan Zhang\', \'no104\': \'Zhenqiu Wang\', \'no105\': \'Si Xu\', 1: 2, 4: 5}
42 7: dict_items([(\'no101\', \'Zhiwei Zhang\'), (\'no102\', \'Baobao Feng\'), (\'no103\', \'Chulan Zhang\'), (\'no104\', \'Zhenqiu Wang\'), (\'no105\', \'Si Xu\'), (1, 2), (4, 5)])
43 no101 Zhiwei Zhang
44 no102 Baobao Feng
45 no103 Chulan Zhang
46 no104 Zhenqiu Wang
47 no105 Si Xu
48 1 2
49 4 5
50 no101 Zhiwei Zhang
51 no102 Baobao Feng
52 no103 Chulan Zhang
53 no104 Zhenqiu Wang
54 no105 Si Xu
55 1 2
56 4 5
View Code
- fromkey 初始化生成字典
1 #初始化生成字典 fromkey2 info=dict.fromkeys([1,2,3],"temp")
3 info2=dict.fromkeys([4,5,6],["冯宝宝",{"name":"张楚岚"},"王也"])
4 print(info)
5 print(info2)
6
7 #修改
8 info[2]="ace"
9 print(info)
10
11 info2[4]="宝儿姐"
12 info2[5][1]["name"]="不摇碧莲"
13 #同浅copy，对于字典赋值的只是路径，改变一个key值对应的value，则其他key中对应value也变更
14 print(info2)
15
16 #输出结果
17 {1: \'temp\', 2: \'temp\', 3: \'temp\'}
18 {4: [\'冯宝宝\', {\'name\': \'张楚岚\'}, \'王也\'], 5: [\'冯宝宝\', {\'name\': \'张楚岚\'}, \'王也\'], 6: [\'冯宝宝\', {\'name\': \'张楚岚\'}, \'王也\']}
19 {1: \'temp\', 2: \'ace\', 3: \'temp\'}
20 {4: \'宝儿姐\', 5: [\'冯宝宝\', {\'name\': \'不摇碧莲\'}, \'王也\'], 6: [\'冯宝宝\', {\'name\': \'不摇碧莲\'}, \'王也\']}
- 三级菜单 略
因涉及到较多重复代码，后期学到函数时再进行编码....
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