python之django母板页面

python

其实就是利用{% block xxx %}   {% endblock %}的方式定义一个块,相当于占位。存放在某个html中,比如base.html

然后在需要实现这些块的文件中,使用继承{% extends "base.html" %}的方式引入母板文件,然后在{% block xxx %}......{% endblock %}块定义中实现具体的内容。

base.html示例:注意块的定义。

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="zh-CN">

<head>

<meta charset="utf-8">

<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->

<meta name="description" content="">

<meta name="author" content="">

<link rel="icon" href="http://v3.bootcss.com/favicon.ico">

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.css">

<title>所有的书都在这里</title>

{% block page_css %}

{% endblock %}

{% block page_js %}

{% endblock %}

<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->

<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->

<link href="http://v3.bootcss.com/assets/css/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.css" rel="stylesheet">

<!-- Custom styles for this template -->

<link href="http://v3.bootcss.com/examples/dashboard/dashboard.css" rel="stylesheet">

<!-- Just for debugging purposes. Don't actually copy these 2 lines! -->

<!--[if lt IE 9]><script src="http://v3.bootcss.com/assets/js/ie8-responsive-file-warning.js"></script><![endif]-->

<script src="http://v3.bootcss.com/assets/js/ie-emulation-modes-warning.js"></script>

<!-- HTML5 shim and Respond.js for IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries -->

<!--[if lt IE 9]>

<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>

<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/respond.js/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>

<![endif]-->

</head>

<body>

{% include "nav.html" %}

<div class="container-fluid">

<div class="row">

<div class="col-sm-3 col-md-2 sidebar">

<ul class="nav nav-sidebar">

<li class="{% block book_class %}{% endblock %}"><a href="/book_list/">所有的书 <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>

</li>

<li class="{% block publisher_class %}{% endblock %}"><a href="/publisher_list/">出版社</a></li>

<li class="{% block author_class %}{% endblock %}"><a href="/author_list/">作者</a></li>

</ul>

</div>

<div class="col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-3 col-md-10 col-md-offset-2 main">

{% block main_body %}

{#这里是每个页面不同的部分#}

{% endblock %}

</div>

</div>

</div>

<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript

================================================== -->

<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->

<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script>

<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="http://v3.bootcss.com/assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>

<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>

<!-- Just to make our placeholder images work. Don't actually copy the next line! -->

<script src="http://v3.bootcss.com/assets/js/vendor/holder.min.js"></script>

<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->

<script src="http://v3.bootcss.com/assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"></script>

</body>

</html>

某个继承页:

{# 继承母板 #}

{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block book_class %}

active

{% endblock %}

{% block page_css %}

{% load static %}

<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% get_static_prefix %}book_list_only.css">

{% endblock %}

{#把自己页面的内容,填入母板里面相应的位置#}

{% block main_body %}

<div class="panel panel-primary">

<div class="panel-heading">

<h3 class="panel-title">我是自定义内容,用来替换母板中指定的位置</h3>

</div>

<div class="panel-body">

<div class="row">

<div class="col-md-8"> </div>

<div class="col-md-4"><a href="/add_book/" class="btn btn-primary"><i class="fa fa-plus-square"></i> 添加新书</a>

<a href="/add_publisher/" class="btn btn-success"><i class="fa fa-plus-square"></i> 添加出版社</a></div>

</div>

<table class="table table-dark table-hover">

<thead>

<tr>

<th>#</th>

<th>id</th>

<th>名称</th>

<th>出版社</th>

<th>操作</th>

</tr>

</thead>

<tbody>

{% for b in books %}

<tr>

<td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>

<td>{{ b.id }}</td>

<td>{{ b.title }}</td>

<td>{{ b.publisher.name }}</td>

<td>

<a href="/del_book/?id={{ b.id }}" class="btn btn-danger"><i class="fa fa-trash fa-fw"></i>删除</a>

<a href="/edit_book/?id={{ b.id }}" class="btn btn-info"><i class="fa fa-pencil fa-fw"></i>编辑</a>

</td>

</tr>

{% endfor %}

</tbody>

</table>

</div>

</div>

{% endblock %}

另一个继承页:

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block main_body %}

<div class="panel panel-primary">

<div class="panel-heading">

<h3 class="panel-title">所有的出版社</h3>

</div>

<div class="panel-body">

<div class="row">

<div class="col-md-8"> </div>

<div class="col-md-4"><a href="/add_book/" class="btn btn-primary"><i class="fa fa-plus-circle fa-fw"></i>添加新书</a>

<a href="/add_publisher/" class="btn btn-success"><i class="fa fa-plus-circle fa-fw"></i>添加出版社</a></div>

</div>

<table class="table table-dark table-hover">

<thead>

<tr>

<th>#</th>

<th>id</th>

<th>名称</th>

<th>地址</th>

<th>操作</th>

</tr>

</thead>

<tbody>

{% for p in publisher %}

<tr>

<td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>

<td>{{ p.id }}</td>

<td>{{ p.name }}</td>

<td>{{ p.addr }}</td>

<td>

<a href="/del_publisher/?id={{ p.id }}" class="btn btn-danger"><i class="fa fa-remove fa-fw"></i>删除</a>

<a href="/edit_publisher/?id={{ p.id }}" class="btn btn-info"><i class="fa fa-edit fa-fw"></i>编辑</a>

</td>

</tr>

{% endfor %}

</tbody>

</table>

</div>

</div>

{% endblock %}

{% block publisher_class %}

active

{% endblock %}

完整的练习项目代码。

1. 母版和继承
1. 什么时候用母版?
html页面有重复的代码,把它们提取出来放到一个单独的html文件。
(比如:导航条和左侧菜单)
2. 子页面如何使用母版?
{% extends 'base.html' %} --> 必须要放在子页面的第一行

母版里面定义block(块),子页面使用block(块)去替换母版中同名的块
2. 组件
1. 什么时候用组件?
重复的代码,包装成一个独立的小html文件。
2. 如何使用?
{% include 'nav.html' %}

3. Django模板语言中关于静态文件路径的灵活写法
1. 利用Django模板语言内置的static方法帮我拼接静态文件的路径
{% load static %}
<link href="{% static 'bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">
2. 利用内置的get_static_prefix获取静态文件路径的别名,我们自行拼接路径
{% load static %}
<link href="{% get_static_prefix %}bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel=stylesheet>
3. as语法(一个路径多次用到,可以使用as保存到一个变量,后面就直接使用变量代替具体路径)
4. 自定义的simple_tag
比filter高级一点点
它可以接受的参数个数大于2

5. 自定义的inclusion_tag
用来返回一段html代码(示例:返回ul标签)

1. 定义阶段
在app下面新建templatetags 文件夹(注意是Python包)
新建一个py文件

from django import template
# 生成注册示例,名字必须是register
register = template.Library()
@register.inclusion_tag("ul.html")
def show_ul(num):
num = 1 if num < 1 else int(num)
data = ["第{:0>3}个数字".format(i) for i in range(1, num+1)]
return {"data": data}

2. 调用阶段
{% load xx %}
{% show_ul 10 %}

以上是 python之django母板页面 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/z/387059.html

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