基于select的python聊天室程序

python

python网络编程具体参考《python select网络编程详细介绍》。

在python中,select函数是一个对底层操作系统的直接访问的接口。它用来监控sockets、files和pipes,等待IO完成(Waiting for I/O completion)。当有可读、可写或是异常事件产生时,select可以很容易的监控到。

select.select(rlist, wlist, xlist[, timeout]) 传递三个参数,一个为输入而观察的文件对象列表,一个为输出而观察的文件对象列表和一个观察错误异常的文件列表。第四个是一个可选参数,表示超时秒数。其返回3个tuple,每个tuple都是一个准备好的对象列表,它和前边的参数是一样的顺序。

聊天室程序如下。运行多个client,则可互相聊天,输入"exit"即可退出

服务器代码

#!/bin/env python

#-*- coding:utf8 -*-

"""

server select

"""

import sys

import time

import socket

import select

import logging

import Queue

g_select_timeout = 10

class Server(object):

def __init__(self, host='10.1.32.80', port=33333, timeout=2, client_nums=10):

self.__host = host

self.__port = port

self.__timeout = timeout

self.__client_nums = client_nums

self.__buffer_size = 1024

self.server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

self.server.setblocking(False)

self.server.settimeout(self.__timeout)

self.server.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_KEEPALIVE, 1) #keepalive

self.server.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) #端口复用

server_host = (self.__host, self.__port)

try:

self.server.bind(server_host)

self.server.listen(self.__client_nums)

except:

raise

self.inputs = [self.server] #select 接收文件描述符列表

self.outputs = [] #输出文件描述符列表

self.message_queues = {}#消息队列

self.client_info = {}

def run(self):

while True:

readable , writable , exceptional = select.select(self.inputs, self.outputs, self.inputs, g_select_timeout)

if not (readable or writable or exceptional) :

continue

for s in readable :

if s is self.server:#是客户端连接

connection, client_address = s.accept()

#print "connection", connection

print "%s connect." % str(client_address)

connection.setblocking(0) #非阻塞

self.inputs.append(connection) #客户端添加到inputs

self.client_info[connection] = str(client_address)

self.message_queues[connection] = Queue.Queue() #每个客户端一个消息队列

else:#是client, 数据发送过来

try:

data = s.recv(self.__buffer_size)

except:

err_msg = "Client Error!"

logging.error(err_msg)

if data :

#print data

data = "%s %s say: %s" % (time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"), self.client_info[s], data)

self.message_queues[s].put(data) #队列添加消息

if s not in self.outputs: #要回复消息

self.outputs.append(s)

else: #客户端断开

#Interpret empty result as closed connection

print "Client:%s Close." % str(self.client_info[s])

if s in self.outputs :

self.outputs.remove(s)

self.inputs.remove(s)

s.close()

del self.message_queues[s]

del self.client_info[s]

for s in writable: #outputs 有消息就要发出去了

try:

next_msg = self.message_queues[s].get_nowait() #非阻塞获取

except Queue.Empty:

err_msg = "Output Queue is Empty!"

#g_logFd.writeFormatMsg(g_logFd.LEVEL_INFO, err_msg)

self.outputs.remove(s)

except Exception, e: #发送的时候客户端关闭了则会出现writable和readable同时有数据,会出现message_queues的keyerror

err_msg = "Send Data Error! ErrMsg:%s" % str(e)

logging.error(err_msg)

if s in self.outputs:

self.outputs.remove(s)

else:

for cli in self.client_info: #发送给其他客户端

if cli is not s:

try:

cli.sendall(next_msg)

except Exception, e: #发送失败就关掉

err_msg = "Send Data to %s Error! ErrMsg:%s" % (str(self.client_info[cli]), str(e))

logging.error(err_msg)

print "Client: %s Close Error." % str(self.client_info[cli])

if cli in self.inputs:

self.inputs.remove(cli)

cli.close()

if cli in self.outputs:

self.outputs.remove(s)

if cli in self.message_queues:

del self.message_queues[s]

del self.client_info[cli]

for s in exceptional:

logging.error("Client:%s Close Error." % str(self.client_info[cli]))

if s in self.inputs:

self.inputs.remove(s)

s.close()

if s in self.outputs:

self.outputs.remove(s)

if s in self.message_queues:

del self.message_queues[s]

del self.client_info[s]

if "__main__" == __name__:

Server().run()

客户端代码

#!/usr/local/bin/python

# *-* coding:utf-8 -*-

"""

client.py

"""

import sys

import time

import socket

import threading

class Client(object):

def __init__(self, host, port=33333, timeout=1, reconnect=2):

self.__host = host

self.__port = port

self.__timeout = timeout

self.__buffer_size = 1024

self.__flag = 1

self.client = None

self.__lock = threading.Lock()

@property

def flag(self):

return self.__flag

@flag.setter

def flag(self, new_num):

self.__flag = new_num

def __connect(self):

client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

#client.bind(('0.0.0.0', 12345,))

client.setblocking(True)

client.settimeout(self.__timeout)

client.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) #端口复用

server_host = (self.__host, self.__port)

try:

client.connect(server_host)

except:

raise

return client

def send_msg(self):

if not self.client:

return

while True:

time.sleep(0.1)

#data = raw_input()

data = sys.stdin.readline().strip()

if "exit" == data.lower():

with self.__lock:

self.flag = 0

break

self.client.sendall(data)

return

def recv_msg(self):

if not self.client:

return

while True:

data = None

with self.__lock:

if not self.flag:

print 'ByeBye~~'

break

try:

data = self.client.recv(self.__buffer_size)

except socket.timeout:

continue

except:

raise

if data:

print "%s\n" % data

time.sleep(0.1)

return

def run(self):

self.client = self.__connect()

send_proc = threading.Thread(target=self.send_msg)

recv_proc = threading.Thread(target=self.recv_msg)

recv_proc.start()

send_proc.start()

recv_proc.join()

send_proc.join()

self.client.close()

if "__main__" == __name__:

Client('10.1.32.80').run()

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