详解C#如何读写config配置文件
配置文件概述：
应用程序配置文件是标准的 XML 文件，XML 标记和属性是区分大小写的。它是可以按需要更改的，开发人员可以使用配置文件来更改设置，而不必重编译应用程序。配置文件的根节点是configuration。我们经常访问的是appSettings，它是由.Net预定义的配置节。我们经常使用的配置文件的架构是客诉下面的形式。先大概有个印象，通过后面的实例会有一个比较清楚的认识。下面的“配置节”可以理解为进行配置一个XML的节点。
对于一个config文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<appSettings>
<add key="ServerIP" value="127.0.0.1"></add>
<add key="DataBase" value="WarehouseDB"></add>
<add key="user" value="sa"></add>
<add key="password" value="sa"></add>
</appSettings>
</configuration>
对config配置文件的读写类：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Configuration;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Configuration;
namespace NetUtilityLib
{
public static class ConfigHelper
{
//依据连接串名字connectionName返回数据连接字符串
public static string GetConnectionStringsConfig(string connectionName)
{
//指定config文件读取
string file = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath;
System.Configuration.Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(file);
string connectionString =
config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings[connectionName].ConnectionString.ToString();
return connectionString;
}
///<summary>
///更新连接字符串
///</summary>
///<param name="newName">连接字符串名称</param>
///<param name="newConString">连接字符串内容</param>
///<param name="newProviderName">数据提供程序名称</param>
public static void UpdateConnectionStringsConfig(string newName, string newConString, string newProviderName)
{
//指定config文件读取
string file = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath;
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(file);
bool exist = false; //记录该连接串是否已经存在
//如果要更改的连接串已经存在
if (config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings[newName] != null)
{
exist = true;
}
// 如果连接串已存在，首先删除它
if (exist)
{
config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings.Remove(newName);
}
//新建一个连接字符串实例
ConnectionStringSettings mySettings =
new ConnectionStringSettings(newName, newConString, newProviderName);
// 将新的连接串添加到配置文件中.
config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings.Add(mySettings);
// 保存对配置文件所作的更改
config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
// 强制重新载入配置文件的ConnectionStrings配置节
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("ConnectionStrings");
}
///<summary>
///返回*.exe.config文件中appSettings配置节的value项
///</summary>
///<param name="strKey"></param>
///<returns></returns>
public static string GetAppConfig(string strKey)
{
string file = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath;
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(file);
foreach (string key in config.AppSettings.Settings.AllKeys)
{
if (key == strKey)
{
return config.AppSettings.Settings[strKey].Value.ToString();
}
}
return null;
}
///<summary>
///在*.exe.config文件中appSettings配置节增加一对键值对
///</summary>
///<param name="newKey"></param>
///<param name="newValue"></param>
public static void UpdateAppConfig(string newKey, string newValue)
{
string file = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath;
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(file);
bool exist = false;
foreach (string key in config.AppSettings.Settings.AllKeys)
{
if (key == newKey)
{
exist = true;
}
}
if (exist)
{
config.AppSettings.Settings.Remove(newKey);
}
config.AppSettings.Settings.Add(newKey, newValue);
config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings");
}
// 修改system.serviceModel下所有服务终结点的IP地址
public static void UpdateServiceModelConfig(string configPath, string serverIP)
{
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(configPath);
ConfigurationSectionGroup sec = config.SectionGroups["system.serviceModel"];
ServiceModelSectionGroup serviceModelSectionGroup = sec as ServiceModelSectionGroup;
ClientSection clientSection = serviceModelSectionGroup.Client;
foreach (ChannelEndpointElement item in clientSection.Endpoints)
{
string pattern = @"\b\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\b";
string address = item.Address.ToString();
string replacement = string.Format("{0}", serverIP);
address = Regex.Replace(address, pattern, replacement);
item.Address = new Uri(address);
}
config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("system.serviceModel");
}
// 修改applicationSettings中App.Properties.Settings中服务的IP地址
public static void UpdateConfig(string configPath, string serverIP)
{
Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(configPath);
ConfigurationSectionGroup sec = config.SectionGroups["applicationSettings"];
ConfigurationSection configSection = sec.Sections["DataService.Properties.Settings"];
ClientSettingsSection clientSettingsSection = configSection as ClientSettingsSection;
if (clientSettingsSection != null)
{
SettingElement element1 = clientSettingsSection.Settings.Get("DataService_SystemManagerWS_SystemManagerWS");
if (element1 != null)
{
clientSettingsSection.Settings.Remove(element1);
string oldValue = element1.Value.ValueXml.InnerXml;
element1.Value.ValueXml.InnerXml = GetNewIP(oldValue, serverIP);
clientSettingsSection.Settings.Add(element1);
}
SettingElement element2 = clientSettingsSection.Settings.Get("DataService_EquipManagerWS_EquipManagerWS");
if (element2 != null)
{
clientSettingsSection.Settings.Remove(element2);
string oldValue = element2.Value.ValueXml.InnerXml;
element2.Value.ValueXml.InnerXml = GetNewIP(oldValue, serverIP);
clientSettingsSection.Settings.Add(element2);
}
}
config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("applicationSettings");
}
private static string GetNewIP(string oldValue, string serverIP)
{
string pattern = @"\b\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\b";
string replacement = string.Format("{0}", serverIP);
string newvalue = Regex.Replace(oldValue, pattern, replacement);
return newvalue;
}
}
}
测试代码如下：
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
try
{
//string file = System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath + ".config";
//string file1 = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ConfigurationFile;
string serverIP = ConfigHelper.GetAppConfig("ServerIP");
string db = ConfigHelper.GetAppConfig("DataBase");
string user = ConfigHelper.GetAppConfig("user");
string password = ConfigHelper.GetAppConfig("password");
Console.WriteLine(serverIP);
Console.WriteLine(db);
Console.WriteLine(user);
Console.WriteLine(password);
ConfigHelper.UpdateAppConfig("ServerIP", "192.168.1.11");
string newIP = ConfigHelper.GetAppConfig("ServerIP");
Console.WriteLine(newIP);
Console.ReadKey();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
}
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