如何找到R中相关系数的p值?
t检验用于找到相关系数的p值,并在此基础上确定两个变量之间是否存在统计上显着的关系。在R中,我们可以使用cor.test函数执行此测试。例如,如果我们有一个向量x和y,那么我们可以使用cor.test(x,y)找到p值。
例1
set.seed(444)x1<−1:10
y1<−10:1
cor.test(x1,y1)
皮尔逊的乘积矩相关性
data: x1 and y1t = −134217728, df = 8, p−value < 2.2e−16
alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
95 percent confidence interval:
−1 −1
sample estimates:
cor
−1
例2
x2<−rnorm(5000,12,1)y2<−rnorm(5000,12,3)
cor.test(x2,y2)
皮尔逊的乘积矩相关性
data: x2 and y2t = −1.0611, df = 4998, p−value = 0.2887
alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
95 percent confidence interval:
−0.04270876 0.01271735
sample estimates:
cor
−0.01500724
范例3
x3<−rpois(10000,10)y3<−rpois(10000,8)
cor.test(x3,y3)
皮尔逊的乘积矩相关性
data: x3 and y3t = 1.2085, df = 9998, p−value = 0.2269
alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
95 percent confidence interval:
−0.007516765 0.031677652
sample estimates:
cor
0.01208509
例子4
x4<−runif(5557,10,20)y4<−runif(5557,12,25)
cor.test(x4,y4)
皮尔逊的乘积矩相关性
data: x4 and y4t = −0.84014, df = 5555, p−value = 0.4009
alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
95 percent confidence interval:
−0.03755372 0.01502620
sample estimates:
cor
−0.01127155
范例5
x5<−rexp(479,3.2)y5<−rexp(479,1.2)
cor.test(x5,y5)
皮尔逊的乘积矩相关性
data: x5 and y5t = −1.3626, df = 477, p−value = 0.1736
alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
95 percent confidence interval:
−0.15101987 0.02747874
sample estimates:
cor
−0.06226847
范例6
x6<−rlnorm(1000,2,1.5)y6<−rlnorm(1000,4,0.8)
cor.test(x6,y6)
皮尔逊的乘积矩相关性
data: x6 and y6t = −1.4907, df = 998, p−value = 0.1364
alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
95 percent confidence interval:
−0.10880908 0.01490269
sample estimates:
cor
−0.04713393
范例7
x7<−sample(0:9,5000,replace=TRUE)y7<−sample(1:10,5000,replace=TRUE)
cor.test(x7,y7)
皮尔逊的乘积矩相关性
data: x7 and y7t = −1.2418, df = 4998, p−value = 0.2144
alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
95 percent confidence interval:
−0.04526022 0.01016128
sample estimates:
cor
−0.01756296
范例8
x8<−sample(101:150,100000,replace=TRUE)y8<−sample(51:150,100000,replace=TRUE)
cor.test(x8,y8)
皮尔逊的乘积矩相关性
data: x8 and y8t = −0.7474, df = 99998, p−value = 0.4548
alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
95 percent confidence interval:
−0.008561341 0.003834517
sample estimates:
cor
−0.002363503
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