Java多线程的临界资源问题解决方案

这篇文章主要介绍了Java多线程的临界资源问题解决方案,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友可以参考下

临界资源问题的原因:某一个线程在对临界资源进行访问时,还没来得及完全修改临界资源的值,临界资源就被其他线程拿去访问,导致多个线程访问同一资源。直观表现为打印结果顺序混乱。

解决方法:加锁

静态方法中用类锁,非静态方法中用对象锁。

1.同步代码段:synchronized(){...}

2.同步方法:使用关键字synchronized修饰的方法

3.使用显式同步锁ReentrantLock

锁池描述的即为锁外等待的状态

方法一:同步代码段:synchronized(){...}

public class SourceConflict {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//实例化4个售票员,用4个线程模拟4个售票员

Runnable r = () -> {

while (TicketCenter.restCount > 0) {

synchronized(" ") {

if (TicketCenter.restCount <= 0) {

return;

}

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "卖出一张票,剩余" + --TicketCenter.restCount + "张票");

}

}

};

//用4个线程模拟4个售票员

Thread thread1 = new Thread(r, "thread-1");

Thread thread2 = new Thread(r, "thread-2");

Thread thread3 = new Thread(r, "thread-3");

Thread thread4 = new Thread(r, "thread-4");

//开启线程

thread1.start();

thread2.start();

thread3.start();

thread4.start();

}

}

//实现四名售票员共同售票,资源共享,非独立

//Lambda表达式或匿名内部类内部捕获的局部变量必须显式的声明为 final 或实际效果的的 final 类型,而捕获实例或静态变量是没有限制的

class TicketCenter{

public static int restCount = 100;

}

方法二:同步方法,即使用关键字synchronized修饰的方法

public class SourceConflict2 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//实例化4个售票员,用4个线程模拟4个售票员

Runnable r = () -> {

while (TicketCenter.restCount > 0) {

sellTicket();

}

};

//用4个线程模拟4个售票员

Thread thread1 = new Thread(r, "thread-1");

Thread thread2 = new Thread(r, "thread-2");

Thread thread3 = new Thread(r, "thread-3");

Thread thread4 = new Thread(r, "thread-4");

//开启线程

thread1.start();

thread2.start();

thread3.start();

thread4.start();

}

private synchronized static void sellTicket() {

if (TicketCenter.restCount <= 0) {

return;

}

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "卖出一张票,剩余" + --TicketCenter.restCount + "张票");

}

}

class TicketCenter{

public static int restCount = 100;

}

方法三:使用显式同步锁ReentrantLock

import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class SourceConflict3 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//实例化4个售票员,用4个线程模拟4个售票员

//显式锁

ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();

Runnable r = () -> {

while (TicketCenter.restCount > 0) {

lock.lock();

if (TicketCenter.restCount <= 0) {

return;

}

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "卖出一张票,剩余" + --TicketCenter.restCount + "张票");

lock.unlock();

}

};

//用4个线程模拟4个售票员

Thread thread1 = new Thread(r, "thread-1");

Thread thread2 = new Thread(r, "thread-2");

Thread thread3 = new Thread(r, "thread-3");

Thread thread4 = new Thread(r, "thread-4");

//开启线程

thread1.start();

thread2.start();

thread3.start();

thread4.start();

}

}

class TicketCenter{

public static int restCount = 100;

}

以上是 Java多线程的临界资源问题解决方案 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/z/336050.html

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