Delphi基本图像处理方法汇总

本文实例汇总了Delphi基本图像处理方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:

//浮雕

procedure Emboss(SrcBmp,DestBmp:TBitmap;AzimuthChange:integer);overload;

var

i, j, Gray, Azimuthvalue, R, G, B: integer;

SrcRGB, SrcRGB1, SrcRGB2, DestRGB: pRGBTriple;

begin

for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do

begin

SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

DestRGB := DestBmp.ScanLine[i];

if (AzimuthChange >= -180) and (AzimuthChange < -135) then

begin

if i > 0 then

SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]

else

SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

Inc(SrcRGB1);

SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB;

Inc(SrcRGB2);

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= -135) and (AzimuthChange < -90) then

begin

if i > 0 then

SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]

else

SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB1;

Inc(SrcRGB2);

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= -90) and (AzimuthChange < -45) then

begin

if i > 0 then

SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]

else

SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB1;

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= -45) and (AzimuthChange < 0) then

begin

SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

if i > 0 then

SrcRGB2 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]

else

SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB;

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= 0) and (AzimuthChange < 45) then

begin

SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB;

if (i < SrcBmp.Height - 1) then

SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]

else

SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= 45) and (AzimuthChange < 90) then

begin

if (i < SrcBmp.Height - 1) then

SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]

else

SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB1;

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= 90) and (AzimuthChange < 135) then

begin

if (i < SrcBmp.Height - 1) then

SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]

else

SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB1;

Inc(SrcRGB1);

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= 135) and (AzimuthChange <= 180) then

begin

if (i < SrcBmp.Height - 1) then

SrcRGB2 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]

else

SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB;

Inc(SrcRGB2);

SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

Inc(SrcRGB1);

end;

for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do

begin

if (AzimuthChange >= -180) and (AzimuthChange < -135) then

begin

Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange + 180;

R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= -135) and (AzimuthChange < -90) then

begin

Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange + 135;

R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= -90) and (AzimuthChange < -45) then

begin

if j=1 then Inc(SrcRGB1,-1);

Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange + 90;

R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= -45) and (AzimuthChange < 0) then

begin

if j=1 then

begin

Inc(SrcRGB1,-1);

Inc(SrcRGB2,-1);

end;

Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange + 45;

R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= 0) and (AzimuthChange < 45) then

begin

if j=1 then

begin

Inc(SrcRGB1,-1);

Inc(SrcRGB2,-1);

end;

Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange;

R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= 45) and (AzimuthChange < 90) then

begin

if j=1 then Inc(SrcRGB2,-1);

Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange - 45;

R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= 90) and (AzimuthChange < 135) then

begin

Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange - 90;

R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

end

else if (AzimuthChange >= 135) and (AzimuthChange <= 180) then

begin

Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange - 135;

R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

end;

R:=Min(R,255);

R:=Max(R,0);

G:=Min(G,255);

G:=Max(G,0);

B:=Min(B,255);

B:=Max(B,0);

Gray := (R shr 2) + (R shr 4) + (G shr 1) + (G shr 4) + (B shr 3);

DestRGB.rgbtRed:=Gray;

DestRGB.rgbtGreen:=Gray;

DestRGB.rgbtBlue:=Gray;

if (j=-180) and (AzimuthChange<-135)) or ((AzimuthChange>=90) and (AzimuthChange<=180))) then

begin

Inc(SrcRGB1);

end;

if (j=135) and (AzimuthChange<180)) or ((AzimuthChange>=-180) and (AzimuthChange<=-90))) then

begin

Inc(SrcRGB2);

end;

Inc(SrcRGB);

Inc(DestRGB);

end;

end;

end;

procedure Emboss(Bmp:TBitmap;AzimuthChange:integer;ElevationChange:integer;WeightChange:integer);overload;

var

DestBmp:TBitmap;

begin

  DestBmp:=TBitmap.Create;

  DestBmp.Assign(Bmp);

  Emboss(Bmp,DestBmp,AzimuthChange,ElevationChange,WeightChange);

  Bmp.Assign(DestBmp);

end;

//反色

procedure Negative(Bmp:TBitmap);

var

i, j: Integer;

PRGB: pRGBTriple;

begin

Bmp.PixelFormat:=pf24Bit;

for i := 0 to Bmp.Height - 1 do

begin

PRGB := Bmp.ScanLine[i];

for j := 0 to Bmp.Width - 1 do

begin

PRGB^.rgbtRed :=not PRGB^.rgbtRed ;

PRGB^.rgbtGreen :=not PRGB^.rgbtGreen;

PRGB^.rgbtBlue :=not PRGB^.rgbtBlue;

Inc(PRGB);

end;

end;

end;

//曝光

procedure Exposure(Bmp:TBitmap);

var

i, j: integer;

PRGB: pRGBTriple;

begin

Bmp.PixelFormat:=pf24Bit;

for i := 0 to Bmp.Height - 1 do

begin

PRGB := Bmp.ScanLine[i];

for j := 0 to Bmp.Width - 1 do

begin

if PRGB^.rgbtRed<128 then

PRGB^.rgbtRed :=not PRGB^.rgbtRed ;

if PRGB^.rgbtGreen<128 then

PRGB^.rgbtGreen :=not PRGB^.rgbtGreen;

if PRGB^.rgbtBlue<128 then

PRGB^.rgbtBlue :=not PRGB^.rgbtBlue;

Inc(PRGB);

end;

end;

end;

//模糊

procedure Blur(SrcBmp:TBitmap);

var

i, j:Integer;

SrcRGB:pRGBTriple;

SrcNextRGB:pRGBTriple;

SrcPreRGB:pRGBTriple;

Value:Integer;

procedure IncRGB;

begin

Inc(SrcPreRGB);

Inc(SrcRGB);

Inc(SrcNextRGB);

end;

procedure DecRGB;

begin

Inc(SrcPreRGB,-1);

Inc(SrcRGB,-1);

Inc(SrcNextRGB,-1);

end;

begin

SrcBmp.PixelFormat:=pf24Bit;

for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do

begin

if i > 0 then

SrcPreRGB:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]

else

SrcPreRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

if i < SrcBmp.Height - 1 then

SrcNextRGB:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]

else

SrcNextRGB:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do

begin

if j > 0 then DecRGB;

Value:=SrcPreRGB.rgbtRed+SrcRGB.rgbtRed+SrcNextRGB.rgbtRed;

if j > 0 then IncRGB;

Value:=Value+SrcPreRGB.rgbtRed+SrcRGB.rgbtRed+SrcNextRGB.rgbtRed;

if j < SrcBmp.Width - 1 then IncRGB;

Value:=(Value+SrcPreRGB.rgbtRed+SrcRGB.rgbtRed+SrcNextRGB.rgbtRed) div 9;

DecRGB;

SrcRGB.rgbtRed:=value;

if j > 0 then DecRGB;

Value:=SrcPreRGB.rgbtGreen+SrcRGB.rgbtGreen+SrcNextRGB.rgbtGreen;

if j > 0 then IncRGB;

Value:=Value+SrcPreRGB.rgbtGreen+SrcRGB.rgbtGreen+SrcNextRGB.rgbtGreen;

if j < SrcBmp.Width - 1 then IncRGB;

Value:=(Value+SrcPreRGB.rgbtGreen+SrcRGB.rgbtGreen+SrcNextRGB.rgbtGreen) div 9;

DecRGB;

SrcRGB.rgbtGreen:=value;

if j > 0 then DecRGB;

Value:=SrcPreRGB.rgbtBlue+SrcRGB.rgbtBlue+SrcNextRGB.rgbtBlue;

if j > 0 then IncRGB;

Value:=Value+SrcPreRGB.rgbtBlue+SrcRGB.rgbtBlue+SrcNextRGB.rgbtBlue;

if j < SrcBmp.Width - 1 then IncRGB;

Value:=(Value+SrcPreRGB.rgbtBlue+SrcRGB.rgbtBlue+SrcNextRGB.rgbtBlue) div 9;

DecRGB;

SrcRGB.rgbtBlue:=value;

IncRGB;

end;

end;

end;

//锐化

procedure Sharpen(SrcBmp:TBitmap);

var

i, j: integer;

SrcRGB: pRGBTriple;

SrcPreRGB: pRGBTriple;

Value: integer;

begin

SrcBmp.PixelFormat:=pf24Bit;

for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do

begin

SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

if i > 0 then

SrcPreRGB:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]

else

SrcPreRGB:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do

begin

if j = 1 then Dec(SrcPreRGB);

Value:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed+(SrcRGB.rgbtRed-SrcPreRGB.rgbtRed) div 2;

Value:=Max(0,Value);

Value:=Min(255,Value);

SrcRGB.rgbtRed:=value;

Value:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen+(SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-SrcPreRGB.rgbtGreen) div 2;

Value:=Max(0,Value);

Value:=Min(255,Value);

SrcRGB.rgbtGreen:=value;

Value:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue+(SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-SrcPreRGB.rgbtBlue) div 2;

Value:=Max(0,Value);

Value:=Min(255,Value);

SrcRGB.rgbtBlue:=value;

Inc(SrcRGB);

Inc(SrcPreRGB);

end;

end;

end;

[图像的旋转和翻转]

以下代码用ScanLine配合指针移动实现,用于24位色!

//旋转90度

procedure Rotate90(const Bitmap:TBitmap);

var

i,j:Integer;

rowIn,rowOut:pRGBTriple;

Bmp:TBitmap;

Width,Height:Integer;

begin

Bmp:=TBitmap.Create;

Bmp.Width := Bitmap.Height;

Bmp.Height := Bitmap.Width;

Bmp.PixelFormat := pf24bit;

Width:=Bitmap.Width-1;

Height:=Bitmap.Height-1;

for j := 0 to Height do

begin

rowIn := Bitmap.ScanLine[j];

for i := 0 to Width do

begin

rowOut := Bmp.ScanLine[i];

Inc(rowOut,Height - j);

rowOut^ := rowIn^;

Inc(rowIn);

end;

end;

Bitmap.Assign(Bmp);

end;

//旋转180度

procedure Rotate180(const Bitmap:TBitmap);

var

i,j:Integer;

rowIn,rowOut:pRGBTriple;

Bmp:TBitmap;

Width,Height:Integer;

begin

Bmp:=TBitmap.Create;

Bmp.Width := Bitmap.Width;

Bmp.Height := Bitmap.Height;

Bmp.PixelFormat := pf24bit;

Width:=Bitmap.Width-1;

Height:=Bitmap.Height-1;

for j := 0 to Height do

begin

rowIn := Bitmap.ScanLine[j];

for i := 0 to Width do

begin

rowOut := Bmp.ScanLine[Height - j];

Inc(rowOut,Width - i);

rowOut^ := rowIn^;

Inc(rowIn);

end;

end;

Bitmap.Assign(Bmp);

end;

//旋转270度

procedure Rotate270(const Bitmap:TBitmap);

var

i,j:Integer;

rowIn,rowOut:pRGBTriple;

Bmp:TBitmap;

Width,Height:Integer;

begin

Bmp:=TBitmap.Create;

Bmp.Width := Bitmap.Height;

Bmp.Height := Bitmap.Width;

Bmp.PixelFormat := pf24bit;

Width:=Bitmap.Width-1;

Height:=Bitmap.Height-1;

for j := 0 to Height do

begin

rowIn := Bitmap.ScanLine[j];

for i := 0 to Width do

begin

rowOut := Bmp.ScanLine[Width - i];

Inc(rowOut,j);

rowOut^ := rowIn^;

Inc(rowIn);

end;

end;

Bitmap.Assign(Bmp);

end;

//任意角度

function RotateBitmap(Bitmap:TBitmap;Angle:Integer;BackColor:TColor):TBitmap;

var

i,j,iOriginal,jOriginal,CosPoint,SinPoint : integer;

RowOriginal,RowRotated : pRGBTriple;

SinTheta,CosTheta : Extended;

AngleAdd : integer;

begin

Result:=TBitmap.Create;

Result.PixelFormat := pf24bit;

Result.Canvas.Brush.Color:=BackColor;

Angle:=Angle Mod 360;

if Angle<0 then Angle:=360-Abs(Angle);

if Angle=0 then

Result.Assign(Bitmap)

else if Angle=90 then

begin

Result.Assign(Bitmap);

Rotate90(Result);//如果是旋转90度,直接调用上面的代码

end

else if (Angle>90) and (Angle<180) then

begin

AngleAdd:=90;

Angle:=Angle-AngleAdd;

end

else if Angle=180 then

begin

Result.Assign(Bitmap);

Rotate180(Result);//如果是旋转180度,直接调用上面的过程

end

else if (Angle>180) and (Angle<270) then

begin

AngleAdd:=180;

Angle:=Angle-AngleAdd;

end

else if Angle=270 then

begin

Result.Assign(Bitmap);

Rotate270(Result);//如果是旋转270度,直接调用上面的过程

end

else if (Angle>270) and (Angle<360) then

begin

AngleAdd:=270;

Angle:=Angle-AngleAdd;

end

else

AngleAdd:=0;

if (Angle>0) and (Angle<90) then

begin

SinCos((Angle + AngleAdd) * Pi / 180, SinTheta, CosTheta);

if (SinTheta * CosTheta) < 0 then

begin

Result.Width := Round(Abs(Bitmap.Width * CosTheta - Bitmap.Height * SinTheta));

Result.Height := Round(Abs(Bitmap.Width * SinTheta - Bitmap.Height * CosTheta));

end

else

begin

Result.Width := Round(Abs(Bitmap.Width * CosTheta + Bitmap.Height * SinTheta));

Result.Height := Round(Abs(Bitmap.Width * SinTheta + Bitmap.Height * CosTheta));

end;

CosTheta:=Abs(CosTheta);

SinTheta:=Abs(SinTheta);

if (AngleAdd=0) or (AngleAdd=180) then

begin

CosPoint:=Round(Bitmap.Height*CosTheta);

SinPoint:=Round(Bitmap.Height*SinTheta);

end

else

begin

SinPoint:=Round(Bitmap.Width*CosTheta);

CosPoint:=Round(Bitmap.Width*SinTheta);

end;

for j := 0 to Result.Height-1 do

begin

RowRotated := Result.Scanline[j];

for i := 0 to Result.Width-1 do

begin

Case AngleAdd of

0:

begin

jOriginal := Round((j+1)*CosTheta-(i+1-SinPoint)*SinTheta)-1;

iOriginal := Round((i+1)*CosTheta-(CosPoint-j-1)*SinTheta)-1;

end;

90:

begin

iOriginal := Round((j+1)*SinTheta-(i+1-SinPoint)*CosTheta)-1;

jOriginal := Bitmap.Height-Round((i+1)*SinTheta-(CosPoint-j-1)*CosTheta);

end;

180:

begin

jOriginal := Bitmap.Height-Round((j+1)*CosTheta-(i+1-SinPoint)*SinTheta);

iOriginal := Bitmap.Width-Round((i+1)*CosTheta-(CosPoint-j-1)*SinTheta);

end;

270:

begin

iOriginal := Bitmap.Width-Round((j+1)*SinTheta-(i+1-SinPoint)*CosTheta);

jOriginal := Round((i+1)*SinTheta-(CosPoint-j-1)*CosTheta)-1;

end;

end;

if (iOriginal >= 0) and (iOriginal <= Bitmap.Width-1)and

(jOriginal >= 0) and (jOriginal <= Bitmap.Height-1)

then

begin

RowOriginal := Bitmap.Scanline[jOriginal];

Inc(RowOriginal,iOriginal);

RowRotated^ := RowOriginal^;

Inc(RowRotated);

end

else

begin

Inc(RowRotated);

end;

end;

end;

end;

end;

//水平翻转

procedure FlipHorz(const Bitmap:TBitmap);

var

i,j:Integer;

rowIn,rowOut:pRGBTriple;

Bmp:TBitmap;

Width,Height:Integer;

begin

Bmp:=TBitmap.Create;

Bmp.Width := Bitmap.Width;

Bmp.Height := Bitmap.Height;

Bmp.PixelFormat := pf24bit;

Width:=Bitmap.Width-1;

Height:=Bitmap.Height-1;

for j := 0 to Height do

begin

rowIn := Bitmap.ScanLine[j];

for i := 0 to Width do

begin

rowOut := Bmp.ScanLine[j];

Inc(rowOut,Width - i);

rowOut^ := rowIn^;

Inc(rowIn);

end;

end;

Bitmap.Assign(Bmp);

end;

//垂直翻转

procedure FlipVert(const Bitmap:TBitmap);

var

i,j:Integer;

rowIn,rowOut:pRGBTriple;

Bmp:TBitmap;

Width,Height:Integer;

begin

Bmp:=TBitmap.Create;

Bmp.Width := Bitmap.Height;

Bmp.Height := Bitmap.Width;

Bmp.PixelFormat := pf24bit;

Width:=Bitmap.Width-1;

Height:=Bitmap.Height-1;

for j := 0 to Height do

begin

rowIn := Bitmap.ScanLine[j];

for i := 0 to Width do

begin

rowOut := Bmp.ScanLine[Height - j];

Inc(rowOut,i);

rowOut^ := rowIn^;

Inc(rowIn);

end;

end;

Bitmap.Assign(Bmp);

end;

[亮度、对比度、饱和度的调整]

以下代码用ScanLine配合指针移动实现!

function Min(a, b: integer): integer;

begin

if a < b then

result := a

else

result := b;

end;

function Max(a, b: integer): integer;

begin

if a > b then

result := a

else

result := b;

end;

//亮度调整

procedure BrightnessChange(const SrcBmp,DestBmp:TBitmap;ValueChange:integer);

var

i, j: integer;

SrcRGB, DestRGB: pRGBTriple;

begin

for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do

begin

SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

DestRGB := DestBmp.ScanLine[i];

for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do

begin

if ValueChange > 0 then

begin

DestRGB.rgbtRed := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtRed + ValueChange);

DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + ValueChange);

DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue + ValueChange);

end else begin

DestRGB.rgbtRed := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtRed + ValueChange);

DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + ValueChange);

DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue + ValueChange);

end;

Inc(SrcRGB);

Inc(DestRGB);

end;

end;

end;

//对比度调整

procedure ContrastChange(const SrcBmp,DestBmp:TBitmap;ValueChange:integer);

var

i, j: integer;

SrcRGB, DestRGB: pRGBTriple;

begin

for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do

begin

SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

DestRGB := DestBmp.ScanLine[i];

for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do

begin

if ValueChange>=0 then

begin

if SrcRGB.rgbtRed >= 128 then

DestRGB.rgbtRed := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtRed + ValueChange)

else

DestRGB.rgbtRed := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtRed - ValueChange);

if SrcRGB.rgbtGreen >= 128 then

DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + ValueChange)

else

DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen - ValueChange);

if SrcRGB.rgbtBlue >= 128 then

DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue + ValueChange)

else

DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue - ValueChange);

end

else

begin

if SrcRGB.rgbtRed >= 128 then

DestRGB.rgbtRed := Max(128, SrcRGB.rgbtRed + ValueChange)

else

DestRGB.rgbtRed := Min(128, SrcRGB.rgbtRed - ValueChange);

if SrcRGB.rgbtGreen >= 128 then

DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Max(128, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + ValueChange)

else

DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Min(128, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen - ValueChange);

if SrcRGB.rgbtBlue >= 128 then

DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Max(128, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue + ValueChange)

else

DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Min(128, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue - ValueChange);

end;

Inc(SrcRGB);

Inc(DestRGB);

end;

end;

end;

//饱和度调整

procedure SaturationChange(const SrcBmp,DestBmp:TBitmap;ValueChange:integer);

var

Grays: array[0..767] of Integer;

Alpha: array[0..255] of Word;

Gray, x, y: Integer;

SrcRGB,DestRGB: pRGBTriple;

i: Byte;

begin

ValueChange:=ValueChange+255;

for i := 0 to 255 do

Alpha[i] := (i * ValueChange) Shr 8;

x := 0;

for i := 0 to 255 do

begin

Gray := i - Alpha[i];

Grays[x] := Gray;

Inc(x);

Grays[x] := Gray;

Inc(x);

Grays[x] := Gray;

Inc(x);

end;

for y := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do

begin

SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[Y];

DestRGB := DestBmp.ScanLine[Y];

for x := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do

begin

Gray := Grays[SrcRGB.rgbtRed + SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + SrcRGB.rgbtBlue];

if Gray + Alpha[SrcRGB.rgbtRed]>0 then

DestRGB.rgbtRed := Min(255,Gray + Alpha[SrcRGB.rgbtRed])

else

DestRGB.rgbtRed := 0;

if Gray + Alpha[SrcRGB.rgbtGreen]>0 then

DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Min(255,Gray + Alpha[SrcRGB.rgbtGreen])

else

DestRGB.rgbtGreen := 0;

if Gray + Alpha[SrcRGB.rgbtBlue]>0 then

DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Min(255,Gray + Alpha[SrcRGB.rgbtBlue])

else

DestRGB.rgbtBlue := 0;

Inc(SrcRGB);

Inc(DestRGB);

end;

end;

end;

//RGB调整

procedure RGBChange(SrcBmp,DestBmp:TBitmap;RedChange,GreenChange,BlueChange:integer);

var

SrcRGB, DestRGB: pRGBTriple;

i,j:integer;

begin

for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height- 1 do

begin

SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

DestRGB :=DestBmp.ScanLine[i];

for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do

begin

if RedChange> 0 then

DestRGB.rgbtRed := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtRed + RedChange)

else

DestRGB.rgbtRed := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtRed + RedChange);

if GreenChange> 0 then

DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + GreenChange)

else

DestRGB.rgbtGreen := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtGreen + GreenChange);

if BlueChange> 0 then

DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Min(255, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue + BlueChange)

else

DestRGB.rgbtBlue := Max(0, SrcRGB.rgbtBlue + BlueChange);

Inc(SrcRGB);

Inc(DestRGB);

end;

end;

end;

[颜色调整]

//RGB<=>BGR

procedure RGB2BGR(const Bitmap:TBitmap);

var

X: Integer;

Y: Integer;

PRGB: pRGBTriple;

Color: Byte;

begin

for Y := 0 to (Bitmap.Height - 1) do

begin

for X := 0 to (Bitmap.Width - 1) do

begin

Color := PRGB^.rgbtRed;

PRGB^.rgbtRed := PRGB^.rgbtBlue;

PRGB^.rgbtBlue := Color;

Inc(PRGB);

end;

end

end;

end;

//灰度化(加权)

procedure Grayscale(const Bitmap:TBitmap);

var

X: Integer;

Y: Integer;

PRGB: pRGBTriple;

Gray: Byte;

begin

for Y := 0 to (Bitmap.Height - 1) do

begin

PRGB := Bitmap.ScanLine[Y];

for X := 0 to (Bitmap.Width - 1) do

begin

Gray := (77 * Red + 151 * Green + 28 * Blue) shr 8;

PRGB^.rgbtRed:=Gray;

PRGB^.rgbtGreen:=Gray;

PRGB^.rgbtBlue:=Gray;

Inc(PRGB);

end;

end;

end;

理论篇:

关键词:

绘图区-即窗口显示图像的区域,亦可为全屏幕(在全屏幕下绘图的效果比一般窗口下好)

中心点-即要绘图区显示的中心点在原始图像的坐标(声明:这个概念特别重要)

先说说图像的放大,要放大一张图片,我们一般的做法是直接放大图像,但本文介绍的方法仅放大我们能够看到的部分,放大分两种情况,一种是放大后比绘图区还要小,这种情况没什么好说,当然是显示全部的图像;第二种是放大后的图像比绘图区大,这才是我们今天要讨论的重点话题,这种情况下我们先要确定图像放大后的大小,然后根据“中心点”计算在原始图像的位置和大小,最后把截取的图像放大到绘图区。

再说说图像的漫游,当显示的图像超过绘图区时,我们需要对图像进行漫游,以便看到全部的图像。原理是:当鼠标在绘图区进行单击时,这时开始漫游,先记录鼠标的单击位置,然后检测鼠标的移动,根据鼠标和上次的位移计算出“中心点”(需要将屏幕坐标转换为原始图像坐标),根据在上面放大的原理到原始图像中取出要显示的部分,放大显示到绘图区。

算法实现篇:

1.图像放大

变量定义:

PZoom:放大率(整数:100时为100%,根据需要可以将 100 该为 10000 或者更大些,但不推荐使用浮点数)

a,b:中心点

w,h:要截取原始图像的宽和高

x,y:要截取的位置(左上角)

sw,sh:原始图像的宽和高

p1,p2:放大比例

aw,ah:放大后图像的大小

pw,ph:绘图区大小

vx,vy:在绘图区显示的位置(左上角)

vw,vh:在绘图区显示的大小

ptx,pty:临时变量

已知的变量:PZoom,(a,b),(sw,sh),(p1,p2),(aw,ah),(pw,ph)

要计算的变量:(x,y),(w,h),(vx,vy),(vw,vh)

开始计算:

aw=Round(PZoom*sw/100);

ah=Round(PZoom*sh/100);

p1=aw/pw

p2=ah/ph

// 注:Round 用于取整,如其他语言的Int(),Fix()等

if p1>1 then w=Round(sw/p1) else w=sw

if p2>1 then h=Round(sh/p2) else h=sh

// 注:shr 为右移运算符,可以使用“>>1”、“div 2”、“/2”或“Round(w/2)”代替

x=a-w shr 1

y=b-h shr 1

// 注:div 为整除运算符

ptx=(w*PZoom) div 100

pty=(h*PZoom) div 100

// 以下计算在绘图区显示的图像大小和位置

变量

Pencent:double; // 缩放比

wx:double; // 宽缩放比

hx:double; // 高缩放比

// 获得缩放比

wx:=pw/ptx

hx:=ph/pty

if wx>hx then Pencent:=hx

else Pencent:=wx;

// 获得图片最后的大小

vw:=Round(Pencent*ptx);

vh:=Round(Pencent*pty);

// 计算出图片的位置

vx:=(pw-vw) div 2;

vy:=(ph-vh) div 2;

// ------------------------------------

好了,两个重要的任务完成(x,y),(w,h),(vx,vy),(vw,vh)已经全部计算得出,下面的工作就是显示了,我们选择 Windows API 进行操作

变量

sDC 为原始图片的设备句柄(DC)

tDC 为临时设备句柄

dDC 最终设备句柄

BitBlt(tDC,0,0,w,h,sDC,0,0,SRCCOPY);

SetStretchBltMode(dDC,STRETCH_DELETESCANS);

StretchBlt(dDC,0,0,vw,vh,tDC,0,0,w,h,SRCCOPY);

最后绘制到显示的区域即可:

例如:

BitBlt(GetDC(0),vx,vy,vx+vw,xy+vh,dDC,0,0,SRCCOPY);

2.图像漫游

先定义三个全局变量:

FBeginDragPoint :TPoint; // 记录鼠标开始拖动的位置

FBeginDragSBPoint :TPoint; // 记录“中心点”位置

FBeginDrag :boolean; // 是否已经开始“拖动”

a,b :integer; // “中心点”位置

在鼠标左键点击时,记录鼠标的位置和“中心点”的位置,同时设置 FBeginDrag 为真

当鼠标右键弹起时,设置 FBeginDrag 为假

鼠标移动时,判断 FBeginDrag ,如果为假不进行处理,如果为真进行下面处理:

假设 X,Y 为鼠标当前的位置

a=FBeginDragPoint.X-((X-FBeginDragPoint.X)*100) div PZoom

b=FBeginDragPoint.Y-((Y-FBeginDragPoint.Y)*100) div PZoom

最后使用上面介绍的图像放大显示出图像

技巧篇:

1.如果图像较大,使用 delphi 的 位图对象会出现内存溢出错误,这时可以进行如下设置:

bitImage:=TBitmap.Create;

bitImage.PixelFormat:=pf24bit;

bitImage.ReleaseHandle;

2.如果要让图像自动适应窗口的大小,参考以下代码:

var

p1,p2 :double;

begin

p1:=pw/sw;

p2:=ph/sw;

if p1>p2 then PZoom:=Round(p2*100)

else PZoom:=Round(p1*100);

if PZoom=0 then PZoom:=100;

end;

Delphi灰度图像像素颜色亮度处理

在图像处理中,速度是很重要的。因此,我们得重新处理一下TBitmap,得到TVczhBitmap。这只是因为GetPixels和SetPixels的速度太慢,换一个方法而已。

  unit untBitmapProc;

  interface

  uses Graphics, SysUtils;

  type

  TVczhBitmap=class(TBitmap)

  private

  Data:PByteArray;

  Line:Integer;

  procedure SetFormat;

  function GetBytePointer(X,Y:Integer):PByte;

  procedure SetBytes(X,Y:Integer;Value:Byte);

  function GetBytes(X,Y:Integer):Byte;

  protected

  published

  constructor Create;

  public

  property Bytes[X,Y:Integer]:Byte read GetBytes write SetBytes;

  procedure LoadFromFile(FileName:String);

  procedure ToGray;

  end;

  implementation

  procedure TVczhBitmap.SetFormat;

  begin

  HandleType:=bmDIB;

  PixelFormat:=pf24bit;

  end;

  function TVczhBitmap.GetBytePointer(X,Y:Integer):PByte;

  begin

  if Line<>Y then

  begin

  Line:=Y;

  Data:=ScanLine[Y];

  end;

  Longint(result):=Longint(Data)+X;

  end;

  procedure TVczhBitmap.SetBytes(X,Y:Integer;Value:Byte);

  begin

  GetBytePointer(X,Y)^:=Value;

  end;

  function TVczhBitmap.GetBytes(X,Y:Integer):Byte;

  begin

  result:=GetBytePointer(X,Y)^;

  end;

  constructor TVczhBitmap.Create;

  begin

  inherited Create;

  SetFormat;

  Line:=-1;

  end;

  procedure TVczhBitmap.LoadFromFile(FileName:String);

  begin

  inherited LoadFromFile(FileName);

  SetFormat;

  Line:=-1;

  end;

  procedure TVczhBitmap.ToGray;

  var X,Y,R:Integer;

  B:Byte;

  begin

  for Y:=0 to Height-1 do

  for X:=0 to Width-1 do

  begin

  R:=0;

  for B:=0 to 2 do

  R:=R+GetBytes(X*3+B,Y);

  for B:=0 to 2 do

  SetBytes(X*3+B,Y,R div 3);

  end;

  end;

  end.

此后,我们需要建立几个窗体。第一个用来显示图片,第二个用来处理图片,其他的窗体都继承自第二个窗体,包含实际的处理方法。

先看第二个窗口:

  unit untProc;

  interface

  uses

  Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,

  Dialogs, ExtCtrls, untBitmapProc, StdCtrls, ComCtrls;

  type

  TfrmProcessor = class(TForm)

  pbBar: TPaintBox;

  gpProc: TGroupBox;

  Button1: TButton;

  procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);

  procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);

  procedure FormShow(Sender: TObject);

  procedure pbBarPaint(Sender: TObject);

  procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

  private

  { Private declarations }

  public

  { Public declarations }

  BarData:array[0..255]of Byte;

  Bar:TVczhBitmap;

  procedure DrawBar;

  end;

  var

  frmProcessor: TfrmProcessor;

  implementation

  {$R *.dfm}

  uses untViewer;

  procedure TfrmProcessor.DrawBar;

  var I:Integer;

  begin

  Bar.Canvas.FillRect(Bar.Canvas.ClipRect);

  Bar.Canvas.MoveTo(0,255-BarData[0]);

  for I:=1 to 255 do

  Bar.Canvas.LineTo(I,255-BarData[I]);

  end;

  procedure TfrmProcessor.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);

  begin

  Bar:=TVczhBitmap.Create;

  Bar.Width:=256;

  Bar.Height:=256;

  Bar.Canvas.Brush.Color:=clWhite;

  Bar.Canvas.Brush.Style:=bsSolid;

  end;

  procedure TfrmProcessor.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);

  begin

  Bar.Free;

  end;

  procedure TfrmProcessor.FormShow(Sender: TObject);

  var I:Integer;

  begin

  for I:=0 to 255 do

  BarData[I]:=I;

  DrawBar;

  end;

  procedure TfrmProcessor.pbBarPaint(Sender: TObject);

  begin

  pbBar.Canvas.Draw(0,0,Bar);

  end;

  procedure TfrmProcessor.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

  var X,Y:Integer;

  begin

  for Y:=0 to Buffer.Height-1 do

  for X:=0 to Buffer.Width*3-1 do

  Played.Bytes[X,Y]:=BarData[Buffer.Bytes[X,Y]];

  frmViewer.FormPaint(frmViewer);

  end;

  end.

之后,做一个窗口继承自它,则调整BarData[]后,按Apply即可看到结果。

现在开始将图像处理。具体效果见示例程序。

  

一、颜色反转。

灰度图像的颜色都是从0~255,所以,为了使颜色反转,我们可以用255减去该颜色值以得到反转后的颜色。

  var I:Integer;

  begin

  inherited;

  for I:=0 to 255 do

  BarData[I]:=255-I;//用255减去该颜色值

  DrawBar;

  pbBarPaint(pbBar);

  end;

二、缩小颜色范围以增强或减弱亮度

颜色本来是从0~255的。如果调节它的范围,例如从0~16,则会是图像明显变暗。我们可以把起始值设为a,把终止值设为b,则新的颜色值New=a+(b-1)*Old/255。这样做的话可以改变亮度,并且不会破坏原先颜色的顺序。代码如下

  var I:Integer;

  begin

  for I:=0 to 255 do

  BarData[I]:=(255-sbMin.Position)+Round((sbMin.Position-sbMax.Position)/255*I);

  DrawBar;

  pbBarPaint(pbBar);

  Button1Click(Button1);

  end;

这里的sbMin.Position和sbMaxPosition都是反转过的。所以使用时要用255去减

  

三、增加某个范围内的颜色范围

如果图像本身的颜色范围很小的画,你可以通过这种方法来加大图像的对比度,有利于对图像的分析。具体做法:

选取一个值a做为起始值,选取一个值b做为终止值,然后按以下公式变形:

  | 0 (X<=a)

  f(X)= | 255/(b-a)*(X-a)

  | 255(X>=b)

  var I:Integer;

  begin

  for I:=0 to 255 do

  begin

  if I<=sbMin.Position then

  BarData[I]:=0

  else if I>=sbMax.Position then

  BarData[I]:=255

  else

  BarData[I]:=Round(255/(sbMax.Position-sbMin.Position)*(I-sbMin.Position));

  end;

  DrawBar;

  pbBarPaint(pbBar);

  Button1Click(Button1);

  end;

四、变为黑白图片

在使用第三个功能的时候,你会发现当b<=a时,图像上的颜色除了黑色就是白色。这样操作的好处是不能直接显示出来的。这只要到了比较高级的图像处理如边缘检测等,才有作用。本例可以拿第三种方法的公式再变形,因此不作详细阐述。

  

五、指数级亮度调整

我们假设这个图的定义域是[0,1],值域也是[0,1]。那么,定义函数f(x)=x^c,则f(x)的图像有一段如上图。我们再用鼠标操作时,可以在上面取一点P(a,b),然后使f(x)通过点P,则c=ln(b)/ln(a)。有了c之后,我们就可以对颜色进行操作了:

  New=(Old/255)^c*255=exp(ln(old/255)*c)*255

  var ea,eb,ec:Extended;

  I:Integer;

  begin

  ea:=A/255;

  eb:=B/255;

  ec:=Ln(eb)/Ln(ea);

  for I:=1 to 255 do

  BarData[I]:=Round(Exp(Ln((I/255))*ec)*255);

  DrawBar;

  pbBarPaint(pbBar);

  Button1Click(Button1);

  end;

这样做可以调节图像的亮度。

Delphi图形显示特效的技巧

概述

----目前在许多学习软件、游戏光盘中,经常会看到各种

图形显示技巧,凭着图形的移动、交错、雨滴状、百页窗、积木堆叠等显现方式,使画面变得更为生动活泼,更 能吸引观众。本文将探讨如何在delphi中实现各种图形显示技巧。

基本原理

----在delphi中,实现一副图象的显示是非常简单的,只要在form中定义一个timage组件,设置其picture属性,然后选 择任何有效的.ico、.bmp、.emf或.wmf文件,进行load,所选文 件就显示在timage组件中了。但这只是直接将图形显示在窗体中,毫无技巧可言。为了使图形显示具有别具一格的效果,可以按下列步骤实现:

----定义一个timage组件,把要显示的图形先装入到timage组件中,也就是说,把图形内容从磁盘载入内存中, 做为图形缓存。

----创建一新的位图对象,其尺寸跟timage组件中的图形一样。

----利用画布(canvas)的copyrect功能(将一个画布的矩形区域拷贝到另一个画布的矩形区域),使用技巧,动态形

成位图文件内容,然后在窗体中显示位图。

----实现方法

下面介绍各种图形显示技巧:

1.推拉效果

将要显示的图形由上、下、左、右方向拉进屏幕内显示,同时将屏幕上原来的旧图盖掉,此种效果可分为四种,上拉、下拉、左拉、右拉,但原理都差不多,以上拉 效果为例。

原理:首先将放在暂存图形的第一条水平线,搬移至要显示的位图的最后一条,接着再将暂存图形的前两条水平线,依序搬移至要显示位图的最后两条水平线,然后搬移前三条、前四条叄?直到全部图形数据搬完为止。在搬移的过程中即可看到显示的位图由下而上浮起,而达到上拉的效果。

程序算法:

procedure tform1.button1click(sender: tobject);

var

newbmp: tbitmap;

i,bmpheight,bmpwidth:integer;

begin

newbmp:= tbitmap.create;

newbmp.width:=image1.width;

newbmp.height:=image1.height;

bmpheight:=image1.height;

bmpwidth:=image1.width;

for i:=0 to bmpheight do

begin

newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect

(0,bmpheight-i,bmpwidth,bmpheight),

image1.canvas,

rect(0,0,bmpwidth,i));

form1.canvas.draw(120,100,newbmp);

end;

newbmp.free;

end;

2.垂直交错效果

原理:将要显示的图形拆成两部分,奇数条扫描线由上往下搬移,偶数条扫描线的部分则由下往上搬移,而且两者同时进行。从屏幕上便可看到分别由上下两端出现的较淡图形向屏幕中央移动,直到完全清楚为止。

程序算法:

procedure tform1.button4click(sender: tobject);

var

newbmp:tbitmap;

i,j,bmpheight,bmpwidth:integer;

begin

newbmp:= tbitmap.create;

newbmp.width:=image1.width;

newbmp.height:=image1.height;

bmpheight:=image1.height;

bmpwidth:=image1.width;

i:=0;

while i< =bmpheight do

begin

j:=i;

while j >0 do

begin

newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect(0,j-1,bmpwidth,j),

image1.canvas,

rect(0,bmpheight-i+j-1,bmpwidth,bmpheight-i+j));

newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect

(0,bmpheight-j,bmpwidth,bmpheight-j+1),

image1.canvas,

rect(0,i-j,bmpwidth,i-j+1));

j:=j-2;

end;

form1.canvas.draw(120,100,newbmp);

i:=i+2;

end;

newbmp.free;

end;

3.水平交错效果

原理:同垂直交错效果原理一样,只是将分成两组后的图形分别由左右两端移进屏幕。

程序算法:

procedure tform1.button5click(sender: tobject);

var

newbmp:tbitmap;

i,j,bmpheight,bmpwidth:integer;

begin

newbmp:= tbitmap.create;

newbmp.width:=image1.width;

newbmp.height:=image1.height;

bmpheight:=image1.height;

bmpwidth:=image1.width;

i:=0;

while i< =bmpwidth do

begin

j:=i;

while j >0 do

begin

newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect(j-1,0,j,bmpheight),

image1.canvas,

rect(bmpwidth-i+j-1,0,bmpwidth-i+j,bmpheight));

newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect

(bmpwidth-j,0,bmpwidth-j+1,bmpheight),

image1.canvas,

rect(i-j,0,i-j+1,bmpheight));

j:=j-2;

end;

form1.canvas.draw(120,100,newbmp);

i:=i+2;

end;

newbmp.free;

end;

4.雨滴效果

原理:将暂存图形的最后一条扫描线,依序搬移到可视位图的第一条到最后一条扫描线,让此条扫描线在屏幕上留下它的轨迹。接着再把暂存图形的倒数第二条扫描线,依序搬移到可视位图的第一条到倒数第二条扫描线。其余的扫描线依此类推。

程序算法:

procedure tform1.button3click(sender: tobject);

var

newbmp:tbitmap;

i,j,bmpheight,bmpwidth:integer;

begin

newbmp:= tbitmap.create;

newbmp.width:=image1.width;

newbmp.height:=image1.height;

bmpheight:=image1.height;

bmpwidth:=image1.width;

for i:=bmpheight downto 1 do

for j:=1 to i do

begin

newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect(0,j-1,bmpwidth,j),

image1.canvas,

rect(0,i-1,bmpwidth,i));

form1.canvas.draw(120,100,newbmp);

end;

newbmp.free;

end;

5.百叶窗效果

原理:将放在暂存图形的数据分成若干组,然后依次从第一组到最后一组搬移,第一次每组各搬移第一条扫描线到可视位图的相应位置,第二次搬移第二条扫描线,接着搬移第三条、第四条扫描线.

程序算法:

procedure tform1.button6click(sender: tobject);

var

newbmp:tbitmap;

i,j,bmpheight,bmpwidth:integer;

xgroup,xcount:integer;

begin

newbmp:= tbitmap.create;

newbmp.width:=image1.width;

newbmp.height:=image1.height;

bmpheight:=image1.height;

bmpwidth:=image1.width;

xgroup:=16;

xcount:=bmpheight div xgroup;

for i:=0 to xcount do

for j:=0 to xgroup do

begin

newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect

(0,xcount*j+i-1,bmpwidth,xcount*j+i),

image1.canvas,

rect(0,xcount*j+i-1,bmpwidth,xcount*j+i));

form1.canvas.draw(120,100,newbmp);

end;

newbmp.free;

end;

6.积木效果

原理:是雨滴效果的一种变化,不同之处在于,积木效果每次搬移的是一块图形,而不只是一根扫描线。

程序算法:

procedure tform1.button7click(sender: tobject);

var

newbmp:tbitmap;

i,j,bmpheight,bmpwidth:integer;

begin

newbmp:= tbitmap.create;

newbmp.width:=image1.width;

newbmp.height:=image1.height;

bmpheight:=image1.height;

bmpwidth:=image1.width;

i:=bmpheight;

while i>0 do

begin

for j:=10 to i do

begin

newbmp.canvas.copyrect(rect(0,j-10,bmpwidth,j),

image1.canvas,

rect(0,i-10,bmpwidth,i));

form1.canvas.draw(120,100,newbmp);

end;

i:=i-10;

end;

newbmp.free;

end;

结束语

上述图形显示效果均已上机通过。使用效果很好。

用Delphi实现图像放大镜

向窗体上添加两个TImage组件,其中一个TImage组件的Name属性设置为Image1,它充当原图片显示的载体。另一个TImage组件的Name属性设置为Image2,它可以显示放大后的图像。

本例的核心是StretchBlt函数,利用StretchBlt函数实现局部图像放大,响应代码如下:

procedure TForm1.Image1MouseMove(Sender: TObject; Shift: TShiftState; X, Y: Integer);

begin

 StretchBlt(Image2.Canvas.Handle,0,0,Image2.Width,Image2.Height,

 Image1.Canvas.Handle, X-20,Y-20,40,40,SRCCOPY);

 Image2.Refresh;

 Screen.Cursors[1]:=LoadCursorFromFile('MAGNIFY.CUR');

 Self.Cursor:=1;

end;

程序首先会调用StretchBlt函数,以鼠标当前位置作为中心点,以边长为40选中Image1组件上的局部图像,并放大此局部图像到Image2组件上。然后通过调用Image2组件的Refresh方法以刷新Image2组件的显示。最后设置鼠标指针为新的形状。

程序代码如下:

unit Unit1;

interface

uses

Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,

Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls;

type

 TForm1 = class(TForm)

 Image1: TImage;

 Image2: TImage;

 procedure Image1MouseMove(Sender: TObject; Shift: TShiftState; X,Y: Integer);

 procedure FormMouseMove(Sender: TObject; Shift: TShiftState; X,Y: Integer);

private

 { Private declarations }

public

 { Public declarations }

end;

var

 Form1: TForm1;

 implementation

 {$R *.dfm}

 procedure TForm1.Image1MouseMove(Sender:TObject;Shift:TShiftState;X,Y: Integer);

 begin

StretchBlt(Image2.Canvas.Handle,0,0,Image2.Width,Image2.Height,Image1.Canvas.Handle, X-20,Y-20,40,40,SRCCOPY);

  Image2.Refresh;

  Screen.Cursors[1]:=LoadCursorFromFile('MAGNIFY.CUR');

  Self.Cursor:=1;

end;

procedure TForm1.FormMouseMove(Sender: TObject; Shift: TShiftState; X,Y: Integer);

begin

 Screen.Cursors[1]:=crDefault;

 Self.Cursor:=1;

end;

end.

保存文件,然后按F9键运行程序,程序运行。

放大图像是一个优秀的看图软件必备的功能,本实例提供了一种非常简便易行的方法,不但代码数量少,而且执行效率高。

希望本文所述对大家的Delphi程序设计有所帮助。

以上是 Delphi基本图像处理方法汇总 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/z/315247.html

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