详解Angular2组件之间如何通信

• Z时代
• 2024-01-10
• 分类：综合

组件之间的共享可以有好几种方式

父->子 input 方式

import {Component,Input} from 'angular2/core';
@Component({
  selector: 'child',
  template: `
    <h2>child {{content}}</h2>
  `
})
class Child {
  @Input() content:string;
}
@Component({
  selector: 'App',
  directives: [Child],
  template: `
    <h1>App</h1>
    <child [content]="i"></child>
  `
})
export class App {
  i:number = 0;
  constructor() {
    setInterval(()=> {
      this.i++;
    }, 1000)
  }
}

子->父 output 方式

import {Output,EventEmitter,Component} from 'angular2/core';
@Component({
  selector: 'child',
  template: `
    <h2>child</h2>
  `
})
class Child {
  @Output() updateNumberI:EventEmitter<number> = new EventEmitter();
  i:number = 0;
  constructor() {
    setInterval(()=> {
      this.updateNumberI.emit(++this.i);
    }, 1000)
  }
}
@Component({
  selector: 'App',
  directives: [Child],
  template: `
    <h1>App {{i}}</h1>
    <child (updateNumberI)="numberIChange($event)"></child>
  `
})
export class App {
  i:number = 0;
  numberIChange(i:number){
    this.i = i;
  }
}

子获得父实例

如果不了解forwardRef用处的的可以看 #11

@Host 表示这个Injector必须是host element在这里可以理解为 parent

import {Host,Component,forwardRef} from 'angular2/core';
@Component({
  selector: 'child',
  template: `
    <h2>child</h2>
  `
})
class Child {
  constructor(@Host() @Inject(forwardRef(()=> App)) app:App) {
    setInterval(()=> {
      app.i++;
    }, 1000);
  }
}
@Component({
  selector: 'App',
  directives: [Child],
  template: `
    <h1>App {{i}}</h1>
    <child></child>
  `
})
export class App {
  i:number = 0;
}

父获得子实例

子元素指令在父constructor时是获取不到的，所以必须在组件的ngAfterViewInit生命周期钩子后才能获取，如果对组件生命周期不了解的话，可以参考#56

import {ViewChild,Component} from 'angular2/core';
@Component({
  selector: 'child',
  template: `
    <h2>child {{i}}</h2>
  `
})
class Child {
  i:number = 0;
}
@Component({
  selector: 'App',
  directives: [Child],
  template: `
    <h1>App {{i}}</h1>
    <child></child>
  `
})
export class App {
  @ViewChild(Child) child:Child;
  ngAfterViewInit() {
    setInterval(()=> {
      this.child.i++;
    }, 1000)
  }
}

service 方式

import {Component,Injectable} from 'angular2/core';
@Injectable();
class KittencupService {
  i:number = 0;
}
@Component({
  selector: 'child',
  template: `
    <h2>child {{service.i}}</h2>
  `
})
class Child {
  constructor(public service:KittencupService){
  }
}
@Component({
  selector: 'App',
  directives: [Child],
  providers: [KittencupService],
  template: `
    <h1>App {{i}}</h1>
    <child></child>
  `
})
export class App {
  constructor(service:KittencupService) {
    setInterval(()=> {
      service.i++;
    }, 1000)
  }
}

service EventEmitter方式

import {Component,Injectable,EventEmitter} from 'angular2/core';
@Injectable()
class KittencupService {
  change: EventEmitter<number>;
  constructor(){
    this.change = new EventEmitter();
  }
}
@Component({
  selector: 'child',
  template: `
<h2>child {{i}}</h2>
`
})
class Child {
  public i:number = 0;
  constructor(public service:KittencupService){
    service.change.subscribe((value:number)=>{
      this.i = value;
    })
  }
}
@Component({
  selector: 'App',
  directives: [Child],
  providers: [KittencupService],
  template: `
<h1>App {{i}}</h1>
<child></child>
`
})
export class App {
  i:number = 0;
  constructor(service:KittencupService) {
    setInterval(()=> {
      service.change.emit(++this.i);
    }, 1000)
  }
}

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