ASP.NET Core中基于令牌的身份验证(刷新)

我正在使用ASP.NET

Core应用程序。我正在尝试实现基于令牌的身份验证,但无法弄清楚如何使用新的安全系统。

客户端请求令牌。我的服务器应授权用户并返回access_token,客户端将在随后的请求中使用它。

这是有关实现我真正需要的两篇很棒的文章:

  • 使用ASP.NET Web API 2,Owin和身份的基于令牌的身份验证
  • 使用JSON Web令牌

问题是-在ASP.NET Core中如何做同样的事情对我来说并不明显。

如何配置ASP.NET Core Web

Api应用程序以与基于令牌的身份验证一起使用?我应该朝哪个方向前进?您是否撰写了有关最新版本的文章,或者知道在哪里可以找到这些文章?

谢谢!

回答:

根据Matt

Dekrey的出色回答,我创建了一个完全有效的基于令牌的身份验证示例,它针对ASP.NET

Core(1.0.1)。你可以找到完整的代码在这个仓库在GitHub上(替代分支1.0.0-RC1,beta8,β7的),但在短暂的,重要的步骤是:

在我的示例中,每次应用启动时,我都会生成一个随机密钥,您需要生成一个并将其存储在某个位置,然后将其提供给您的应用。有关如何生成随机密钥以及如何从.json文件导入它的信息,请参见此文件。正如@kspearrin在评论中所建议的那样,Data

Protection API似乎是“正确”管理密钥的理想候选者,但是我还没有解决这个问题。如果解决了,请提交拉取请求!

在这里,我们需要为签名的令牌加载一个私钥,当令牌出现时,我们还将用它来验证令牌。我们将密钥存储在类级别的变量中key,该变量将在下面的Configure方法中重复使用。TokenAuthOptions是一个简单的类,其中包含我们在TokenController中创建我们的密钥所需的签名身份,受众和发行者。

// Replace this with some sort of loading from config / file.

RSAParameters keyParams = RSAKeyUtils.GetRandomKey();

// Create the key, and a set of token options to record signing credentials

// using that key, along with the other parameters we will need in the

// token controlller.

key = new RsaSecurityKey(keyParams);

tokenOptions = new TokenAuthOptions()

{

Audience = TokenAudience,

Issuer = TokenIssuer,

SigningCredentials = new SigningCredentials(key, SecurityAlgorithms.Sha256Digest)

};

// Save the token options into an instance so they're accessible to the

// controller.

services.AddSingleton<TokenAuthOptions>(tokenOptions);

// Enable the use of an [Authorize("Bearer")] attribute on methods and

// classes to protect.

services.AddAuthorization(auth =>

{

auth.AddPolicy("Bearer", new AuthorizationPolicyBuilder()

.AddAuthenticationSchemes(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme‌​)

.RequireAuthenticatedUser().Build());

});

我们还设置了授权策略,以允许我们[Authorize("Bearer")]在希望保护的端点和类上使用。

在这里,我们需要配置JwtBearerAuthentication:

app.UseJwtBearerAuthentication(new JwtBearerOptions {

TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters {

IssuerSigningKey = key,

ValidAudience = tokenOptions.Audience,

ValidIssuer = tokenOptions.Issuer,

// When receiving a token, check that it is still valid.

ValidateLifetime = true,

// This defines the maximum allowable clock skew - i.e.

// provides a tolerance on the token expiry time

// when validating the lifetime. As we're creating the tokens

// locally and validating them on the same machines which

// should have synchronised time, this can be set to zero.

// Where external tokens are used, some leeway here could be

// useful.

ClockSkew = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(0)

}

});

在令牌控制器中,您需要一种方法来使用Startup.cs中加载的密钥生成签名密钥。我们已经在Startup中注册了TokenAuthOptions实例,因此我们需要将其注入TokenController的构造函数中:

[Route("api/[controller]")]

public class TokenController : Controller

{

private readonly TokenAuthOptions tokenOptions;

public TokenController(TokenAuthOptions tokenOptions)

{

this.tokenOptions = tokenOptions;

}

...

然后,您需要在处理程序中为登录端点生成令牌,在我的示例中,我使用用户名和密码,并使用if语句验证用户名和密码,但是您需要做的关键是创建或加载声明身份并为此生成令牌:

public class AuthRequest

{

public string username { get; set; }

public string password { get; set; }

}

/// <summary>

/// Request a new token for a given username/password pair.

/// </summary>

/// <param name="req"></param>

/// <returns></returns>

[HttpPost]

public dynamic Post([FromBody] AuthRequest req)

{

// Obviously, at this point you need to validate the username and password against whatever system you wish.

if ((req.username == "TEST" && req.password == "TEST") || (req.username == "TEST2" && req.password == "TEST"))

{

DateTime? expires = DateTime.UtcNow.AddMinutes(2);

var token = GetToken(req.username, expires);

return new { authenticated = true, entityId = 1, token = token, tokenExpires = expires };

}

return new { authenticated = false };

}

private string GetToken(string user, DateTime? expires)

{

var handler = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler();

// Here, you should create or look up an identity for the user which is being authenticated.

// For now, just creating a simple generic identity.

ClaimsIdentity identity = new ClaimsIdentity(new GenericIdentity(user, "TokenAuth"), new[] { new Claim("EntityID", "1", ClaimValueTypes.Integer) });

var securityToken = handler.CreateToken(new Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.SecurityTokenDescriptor() {

Issuer = tokenOptions.Issuer,

Audience = tokenOptions.Audience,

SigningCredentials = tokenOptions.SigningCredentials,

Subject = identity,

Expires = expires

});

return handler.WriteToken(securityToken);

}

就是这样。只需将其添加[Authorize("Bearer")]到要保护的任何方法或类中,如果在没有令牌的情况下尝试访问它,将会收到错误消息。如果要返回401错误而不是500错误,则需要注册一个自定义异常处理程序,如我在此处的示例所示。

以上是 ASP.NET Core中基于令牌的身份验证(刷新) 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/qa/429170.html

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