“Fire and forget” python async/await
有时需要进行一些非关键的异步操作,但我不想等待它完成。在Tornado的协程实现中,你可以通过简单地省略yield
关键字来“触发并忘记”一个异步函数。
我一直在试图找出如何“火和忘记”与新的async/ await
在Python 3.5发布的语法。例如,一个简化的代码片段:
async def async_foo(): print("Do some stuff asynchronously here...")
def bar():
async_foo() # fire and forget "async_foo()"
bar()
但是,发生的事情是bar()永远不会执行,而是收到运行时警告:
RuntimeWarning: coroutine 'async_foo' was never awaited async_foo() # fire and forget "async_foo()"
回答:
如果你使用的是Python> = 3.7
,请在任何地方替换asyncio.ensure_future
为asyncio.create_task
最新的,更好的派生task的方法。
根据python docs
的asyncio.Task
说法,有可能启动一些协程以“在后台”执行。asyncio.ensure_future
函数创建的任务不会阻止执行(因此函数将立即返回!)。这似乎是你要求的一种“解雇”的方法。
import asyncioasync def async_foo():
print("async_foo started")
await asyncio.sleep(1)
print("async_foo done")
async def main():
asyncio.ensure_future(async_foo()) # fire and forget async_foo()
# btw, you can also create tasks inside non-async funcs
print('Do some actions 1')
await asyncio.sleep(1)
print('Do some actions 2')
await asyncio.sleep(1)
print('Do some actions 3')
if __name__ == '__main__':
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(main())
输出:
Do some actions 1async_foo started
Do some actions 2
async_foo done
Do some actions 3
如果事件循环完成后正在执行任务怎么办?
请注意,asyncio
期望任务在事件循环完成时完成。因此,如果你更改main()
为:
async def main(): asyncio.ensure_future(async_foo()) # fire and forget
print('Do some actions 1')
await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
print('Do some actions 2')
程序完成后,你会收到以下警告:
Task was destroyed but it is pending!
task: <Task pending coro=<async_foo() running at [...]
为防止这种情况,你可以在事件循环完成后等待所有待处理的任务:
async def main(): asyncio.ensure_future(async_foo()) # fire and forget
print('Do some actions 1')
await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
print('Do some actions 2')
if __name__ == '__main__':
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(main())
# Let's also finish all running tasks:
pending = asyncio.Task.all_tasks()
loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.gather(*pending))
杀死任务而不是等待任务
有时你不想等待任务完成(例如,某些任务可能创建为永久运行)。在这种情况下,你可以只取消()而不是等待它们:
import asynciofrom contextlib import suppress
async def echo_forever():
while True:
print("echo")
await asyncio.sleep(1)
async def main():
asyncio.ensure_future(echo_forever()) # fire and forget
print('Do some actions 1')
await asyncio.sleep(1)
print('Do some actions 2')
await asyncio.sleep(1)
print('Do some actions 3')
if __name__ == '__main__':
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(main())
# Let's also cancel all running tasks:
pending = asyncio.Task.all_tasks()
for task in pending:
task.cancel()
# Now we should await task to execute it's cancellation.
# Cancelled task raises asyncio.CancelledError that we can suppress:
with suppress(asyncio.CancelledError):
loop.run_until_complete(task)
输出:
Do some actions 1echo
Do some actions 2
echo
Do some actions 3
echo
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