Dockerfile:$ HOME不适用于ADD / COPY指令
在提交错误之前,我想请某人确认docker build
我最近遇到的奇怪行为。
考虑一下我们有一个简单的Dockerfile,我们试图将一些文件复制到非root用户的主目录中:
FROM ubuntu:utopicENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
RUN sed -i.bak 's/http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\//mirror:\/\/mirrors.ubuntu.com\/mirrors.txt\//g' /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN echo "deb http://repo.aptly.info/ squeeze main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/_aptly.list
RUN apt-key adv --keyserver keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys e083a3782a194991
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y aptly
RUN useradd -m aptly
RUN echo aptly:aptly | chpasswd
USER aptly
COPY ./.aptly.conf $HOME/.aptly.conf
COPY ./public.key $HOME/public.key
COPY ./signing.key $HOME/signing.key
RUN gpg --import $HOME/public.key $HOME/signing.key
RUN aptly repo create -comment='MAILPAAS components' -distribution=utopic -component=main mailpaas
CMD ["/usr/bin/aptly", "api", "serve"]
这就是我尝试构建此映像时得到的:
... Step 10 : USER aptly
---> Running in 8639f826420b
---> 3242919b2976
Removing intermediate container 8639f826420b
Step 11 : COPY ./.aptly.conf $HOME/.aptly.conf
---> bbda6e5b92df
Removing intermediate container 1313b12ca6c6
Step 12 : COPY ./public.key $HOME/public.key
---> 9a701a78d10d
Removing intermediate container 3a6e40b8593a
Step 13 : COPY ./signing.key $HOME/signing.key
---> 3d4eb847abe8
Removing intermediate container 5ed8cf52b810
Step 14 : RUN gpg --import $HOME/public.key $HOME/signing.key
---> Running in 6e481ec97f74
gpg: directory `/home/aptly/.gnupg' created
gpg: new configuration file `/home/aptly/.gnupg/gpg.conf' created
gpg: WARNING: options in `/home/aptly/.gnupg/gpg.conf' are not yet active during this run
gpg: keyring `/home/aptly/.gnupg/secring.gpg' created
gpg: keyring `/home/aptly/.gnupg/pubring.gpg' created
gpg: can't open `/home/aptly/public.key': No such file or directory
gpg: can't open `/home/aptly/signing.key': No such file or directory
gpg: Total number processed: 0
好像$HOME
是空的。但为什么?将绝对路径放置到home目录而不是$HOME
不是很方便。
回答:
这是您的问题:
使用USER
指令时,它会影响用于在容器内启动新命令的用户标识。因此,例如,如果您这样做:
FROM ubuntu:utopicRUN useradd -m aptly
USER aptly
RUN echo $HOME
你得到这个:
Step 4 : RUN echo $HOME ---> Running in a5111bedf057
/home/aptly
因为这些RUN
命令在容器内启动了一个新的外壳程序,该外壳程序由前面的USER
指令修改了。
使用COPY
指令时,您不会在容器内部启动进程,并且Docker无法知道外壳将暴露哪些环境变量(如果有)。
最好的选择是在可以ENV HOME /home/aptly
工作的Dockerfile中进行设置,或者将文件暂存到临时位置,然后:
RUN cp /skeleton/myfile $HOME/myfile
另外,请记住,当您COPY
归档文件时,它们将归root
; 拥有。您将需要将chown
它们明确地提供给适当的用户。
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