MySQL:如何在特定节点中查找叶子
我知道这类问题已经在这里多次发布,例如:Java方式
我在标准树模式的数据量庞大(150K +)( , id
,)parent_id``some_data
如何获取给定node_id的叶子?
表结构:
CREATE TABLE `DATA_TREE` ( `ID` int(11) NOT NULL,
`PARENT_ID` int(11) NOT NULL,
`DATA` varchar(45) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
UNIQUE KEY `ID_UNIQUE` (`ID`),
KEY `fk_DATA_TREE_1_idx` (`PARENT_ID`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_DATA_TREE_1` FOREIGN KEY (`PARENT_ID`) REFERENCES `DATA_TREE` (`ID`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf
数据库: MySQL 5.1.61
回答:
无法在单个查询中执行此操作。即使有,它也可能效率很低。
我们可以通过存储过程和循环来实现。使用添加的索引,它也应该很快。这使用两个表从输入表(A)中选择节点,并将该节点及其子级插入(B)。然后,它将B交换为A,并重复执行直到直到A中不再存在非叶节点为止。可喜的是,循环迭代的数量将与输入节点和最后一个叶节点之间的级别一样多,在大多数情况下,循环迭代次数为可能没有那么深。此存储过程比在代码中进行外部存储过程要快。
仅供参考,我在安装临时表时遇到了困难,如果遇到“错误2”,请删除临时关键字。
delimiter $$drop procedure if exists GetLeafNodes $$
create procedure GetLeafNodes(nodeid int)
begin
declare N int default 1;
-- create two working sets of IDs, we'll go back and forth between these two sets
drop temporary table if exists A;
drop temporary table if exists B;
create temporary table A(node int, child int);
create temporary table B(node int, child int);
-- insert our single input node into the working set
insert into A values (null, nodeid);
while (N>0) do
-- keep selecting child nodes for each node we are now tracking
-- leaf nodes will end up with the child set to null
insert into B
select ifnull(A.child,A.node), tree.ID
from A
left outer join DATA_TREE as tree on A.child=tree.parent_id;
-- now swap A and B
rename table A to temp, B to A, temp to B;
-- remove non-leaf nodes from table B
delete from B;
-- exit when there are no longer any non-leaf nodes in A
set N=(select count(*) from A where child is not null);
end while;
-- now output our list of leaf nodes
select node from A;
drop temporary table A;
drop temporary table B;
end $$
DELIMITER ;
call GetLeafNodes(4);
我使用以下样本集进行测试:
CREATE TABLE `DATA_TREE` ( `ID` int(11) NOT NULL,
`PARENT_ID` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
UNIQUE KEY `ID_UNIQUE` (`ID`),
KEY `fk_DATA_TREE_1_idx` (`PARENT_ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB
;
insert into DATA_TREE values
(1,0),(2,1),(3,1),(4,1),(5,3),(6,3),(7,4),(8,4),(9,4),(10,6),(11,6),(12,7),(13,9),(14,9),(15,12),(16,12),(17,12),(18,14);
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