如何在JavaScript中比较数组?

我想比较两个数组…理想地,有效地比较。没有什么幻想,只要true它们是相同的,false如果不相同。毫不奇怪,比较运算符似乎不起作用。

var a1 = [1,2,3];

var a2 = [1,2,3];

console.log(a1==a2); // Returns false

console.log(JSON.stringify(a1)==JSON.stringify(a2)); // Returns true

每个数组都可以使用JSON编码,但是有没有一种更快或更“更好”的方法来简单地比较数组而不必遍历每个值?

回答:

要比较数组,请遍历它们并比较每个值:

回答:

// Warn if overriding existing method

if(Array.prototype.equals)

console.warn("Overriding existing Array.prototype.equals. Possible causes: New API defines the method, there's a framework conflict or you've got double inclusions in your code.");

// attach the .equals method to Array's prototype to call it on any array

Array.prototype.equals = function (array) {

// if the other array is a falsy value, return

if (!array)

return false;

// compare lengths - can save a lot of time

if (this.length != array.length)

return false;

for (var i = 0, l=this.length; i < l; i++) {

// Check if we have nested arrays

if (this[i] instanceof Array && array[i] instanceof Array) {

// recurse into the nested arrays

if (!this[i].equals(array[i]))

return false;

}

else if (this[i] != array[i]) {

// Warning - two different object instances will never be equal: {x:20} != {x:20}

return false;

}

}

return true;

}

// Hide method from for-in loops

Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, "equals", {enumerable: false});

用法:

[1, 2, [3, 4]].equals([1, 2, [3, 2]]) === false;

[1, "2,3"].equals([1, 2, 3]) === false;

[1, 2, [3, 4]].equals([1, 2, [3, 4]]) === true;

[1, 2, 1, 2].equals([1, 2, 1, 2]) === true;

您可能会说“ 但是比较字符串要快得多-没有循环…

”,那么,您应该注意存在ARE循环。第一个递归循环将Array转换为字符串,第二个递归循环比较两个字符串。因此,此方法 。

我认为,应将大量数据始终存储在数组中,而不是对象中。但是,如果使用对象,也可以部分比较它们。

回答:

上面我已经说过,即使此时两个对象 包含相同的数据,它们也永远不会相等:

({a:1, foo:"bar", numberOfTheBeast: 666}) == ({a:1, foo:"bar", numberOfTheBeast: 666})  //false

这是有原因的,因为对象中可能存在例如私有变量。

但是,如果仅使用对象结构来包含数据,则仍然可以进行比较:

Object.prototype.equals = function(object2) {

//For the first loop, we only check for types

for (propName in this) {

//Check for inherited methods and properties - like .equals itself

//https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/hasOwnProperty

//Return false if the return value is different

if (this.hasOwnProperty(propName) != object2.hasOwnProperty(propName)) {

return false;

}

//Check instance type

else if (typeof this[propName] != typeof object2[propName]) {

//Different types => not equal

return false;

}

}

//Now a deeper check using other objects property names

for(propName in object2) {

//We must check instances anyway, there may be a property that only exists in object2

//I wonder, if remembering the checked values from the first loop would be faster or not

if (this.hasOwnProperty(propName) != object2.hasOwnProperty(propName)) {

return false;

}

else if (typeof this[propName] != typeof object2[propName]) {

return false;

}

//If the property is inherited, do not check any more (it must be equa if both objects inherit it)

if(!this.hasOwnProperty(propName))

continue;

//Now the detail check and recursion

//This returns the script back to the array comparing

/**REQUIRES Array.equals**/

if (this[propName] instanceof Array && object2[propName] instanceof Array) {

// recurse into the nested arrays

if (!this[propName].equals(object2[propName]))

return false;

}

else if (this[propName] instanceof Object && object2[propName] instanceof Object) {

// recurse into another objects

//console.log("Recursing to compare ", this[propName],"with",object2[propName], " both named \""+propName+"\"");

if (!this[propName].equals(object2[propName]))

return false;

}

//Normal value comparison for strings and numbers

else if(this[propName] != object2[propName]) {

return false;

}

}

//If everything passed, let's say YES

return true;

}

但是,请记住,这是用于比较JSON之类的数据,而不是类实例和其他内容。如果您想比较复杂的物体,请看这个答案,它是超长函数。

要使用此Array.equals功能,您必须对原始功能进行一些编辑:

...

// Check if we have nested arrays

if (this[i] instanceof Array && array[i] instanceof Array) {

// recurse into the nested arrays

if (!this[i].equals(array[i]))

return false;

}

/**REQUIRES OBJECT COMPARE**/

else if (this[i] instanceof Object && array[i] instanceof Object) {

// recurse into another objects

//console.log("Recursing to compare ", this[propName],"with",object2[propName], " both named \""+propName+"\"");

if (!this[i].equals(array[i]))

return false;

}

else if (this[i] != array[i]) {

...

我为这两个功能都做了一个小测试工具。

回答:

Samy Bencherif为您在嵌套数组中搜索特定对象的情况准备了有用的功能,可在以下位置找到:https

:

//jsfiddle.net/SamyBencherif/8352y6yw/

以上是 如何在JavaScript中比较数组? 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/qa/409204.html

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