获取选定的JComboBox值并添加到SQL查询中以获取第二个JComboBox
我正在设计一个简单的数据库应用程序,在GUI中具有2个jComboBoxes。第一个jComboBox填充有SQL查询的结果。我希望第二个jComboBox填充第二个查询的结果,该查询在第一个框中合并了用户选择的值,但是我无法完全使它起作用。
我创建了2个类,一个类绘制GUI并包含main方法,第二个类查询我的Oracle数据库。
我的GUI类:
public class TestUI extends javax.swing.JFrame { // Create new form TestUI
public TestUI() {
initComponents();
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private void initComponents() {
jPanel1 = new javax.swing.JPanel();
jComboBox1 = new javax.swing.JComboBox<>();
jTextField1 = new javax.swing.JTextField();
jComboBox2 = new javax.swing.JComboBox<>();
jButton1 = new javax.swing.JButton();
jButton2 = new javax.swing.JButton();
setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
// Combo box 1 population
jComboBox1.removeAllItems();
createConnection c1 = new createConnection();
c1.getEmployee().forEach((employee) -> {
jComboBox1.addItem(employee);
});
jComboBox1.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
jComboBox1ActionPerformed(evt);
}
});
// ComboBox 2 population
jComboBox2.removeAllItems();
}
private void jComboBox1ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
// TODO add handling code here:
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
DRAW GUI
}
}
和我的数据库类:
import java.util.List;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.sql.*;
public class createConnection {
String empName;
public Connection createConnection() {
try {
Class.forName(driver);
java.sql.Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, DB_username, DB_password);
return conn;
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
return null;
}
}
// ComboBox 1
public List<String> getEmployee() {
List<String> list = new ArrayList();
Connection conn = createConnection();
try {
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
String query = "SELECT * FROM hr.employees ORDER BY last_name";
ResultSet results = stmt.executeQuery(query);
while (results.next()) {
list.add(results.getString("last_name"));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Exception = " + e);
}
return list;
}
// Combo Box 2
public List<String> getEmpLocation() {
List<String> list = new ArrayList();
Connection conn = createConnection();
try {
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
String query = "SELECT country_id FROM hr.location WHERE hr.location.emp_name = " + empName;
ResultSet results = stmt.executeQuery(query);
while (results.next()) {
list.add(results.getString("last_name"));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Exception = " + e);
}
return list;
}
}
我遗漏了不相关的代码,例如数据库连接变量和GUI坐标等。
我想知道如何在数据库类中正确获取getEmpLocation()方法来填充第二个ComboBox。这将涉及将代码添加到两个类中并传递变量值,但我无法弄清楚!任何帮助将不胜感激在这里。
回答:
我假设您想从第一个JComboBox中选择一个值,然后单击一个按钮来处理所选数据并将新数据加载到第二个JComboBox中。
在这种情况下,您需要JButton而不是JComboBox的ActionListener:
jButton1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
selectedName = (String) jComboBox1.getSelectedItem();
}
});
您还需要将所选值存储在变量中。该getSelectedItem()
方法返回一个Object,因此在您的情况下需要将其强制转换为String。
由于我们向按钮添加了ActionListener,因此您不需要此按钮:
jComboBox1.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
jComboBox1ActionPerformed(evt);
}
});
在您的 (通过命名约定,类名应以大写字母开头):
如果不使用try-with-resources语句,则应在catch块之后关闭连接。
} finally { if (conn != null) {
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
您需要将selectedName变量传递给getEmpLocation()
方法:
public List<String> getEmpLocation(String name) {
您应该使用PreparedStatement而不是Statement:
String query = "SELECT first_name FROM employees WHERE last_name = ?";PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(query);
ps.setString(1, name);
ResultSet results = ps.executeQuery();
老实说,我不知道您要通过选择查询实现什么。首先,此选择查询将不起作用。表名是LOCATIONS而不是位置,并且它没有称为emp_name的列。
"SELECT country_id FROM hr.location WHERE hr.location.emp_name = ?"
如果您想获取位置,则应使用如下查询:
"SELECT dep.department_name, loc.city, cou.country_name FROM employees emp, departments dep, locations loc, countries cou
WHERE emp.last_name = ?
AND emp.department_id = dep.department_id
AND dep.location_id = loc.location_id
AND loc.country_id = cou.country_id"
您可以选择要使用部门,城市或国家/地区名称的位置。但是我的主要问题是,如果您首先选择姓氏并将其放在JComboBox中,则很可能只会获得一行数据,因此使用第二个JComboBox毫无意义。让我们从另一侧解决这个问题。如果先选择位置然后再选择员工该怎么办。那可以解决这个问题。
您从数据库中选择所有名字,然后可以选择适当的名字。
从数据库中选择所有名字:
public List<String> getEmpFirstName() { List<String> list = new ArrayList();
Connection conn = createConnection();
try {
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
String query = "SELECT DISTINCT first_name "
+ "FROM hr.employees "
+ "ORDER BY first_name";
ResultSet results = stmt.executeQuery(query);
while (results.next()) {
list.add(results.getString("first_name"));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Exception = " + e);
} finally {
if (conn != null) {
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return list;
}
使用PreparedStatement根据名字选择姓氏:
public List<String> getEmpLastName(String name) { List<String> list = new ArrayList();
Connection conn = createConnection();
try {
String query = "SELECT last_name "
+ "FROM employees "
+ "WHERE first_name = ?";
PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(query);
ps.setString(1, name);
ResultSet results = ps.executeQuery();
while (results.next()) {
list.add(results.getString("last_name"));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Exception = " + e);
} finally {
if (conn != null) {
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return list;
}
更新您的ActionListener:
jButton1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// Store selected value
selectedName = (String) jComboBox1.getSelectedItem();
// Create Connection and pass selected value to getEmpLastName
createConnection c1 = new createConnection();
names = c1.getEmpLastName(selectedName);
// Clear your second comboBox and fill with data
jComboBox2.removeAllItems();
for (String lastName : names) {
jComboBox2.addItem(lastName);
}
}
});
尝试选择常用名称,例如Alexander,David,James,John,Julia等。
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