一起使用asyncio和Tkinter（或另一个GUI库），而无需冻结GUI

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：问答

我想asyncio与tkinterGUI结合使用。我是新手asyncio，对它的理解不是很详细。单击第一个按钮时，此处的示例启动10个任务。任务只是用a模拟工作sleep()几秒钟。

该示例代码在Python上运行良好3.6.4rc1。

是GUI被冻结。当我按下第一个按钮并启动10个异步任务时，除非完成所有任务，否则无法在GUI中按下第二个按钮。GUI永远不会冻结-这是我的目标。

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
import asyncio
import random
def do_freezed():
    """ Button-Event-Handler to see if a button on GUI works. """
    messagebox.showinfo(message='Tkinter is reacting.')
def do_tasks():
    """ Button-Event-Handler starting the asyncio part. """
    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
    try:
        loop.run_until_complete(do_urls())
    finally:
        loop.close()
async def one_url(url):
    """ One task. """
    sec = random.randint(1, 15)
    await asyncio.sleep(sec)
    return 'url: {}\tsec: {}'.format(url, sec)
async def do_urls():
    """ Creating and starting 10 tasks. """
    tasks = [
        one_url(url)
        for url in range(10)
    ]
    completed, pending = await asyncio.wait(tasks)
    results = [task.result() for task in completed]
    print('\n'.join(results))
if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    buttonT = Button(master=root, text='Asyncio Tasks', command=do_tasks)
    buttonT.pack()
    buttonX = Button(master=root, text='Freezed???', command=do_freezed)
    buttonX.pack()
    root.mainloop()

回答：

…是因为这个错误，我无法再次运行任务。

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/tkinter/__init__.py", line 1699, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "./tk_simple.py", line 17, in do_tasks
    loop.run_until_complete(do_urls())
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/asyncio/base_events.py", line 443, in run_until_complete
    self._check_closed()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/asyncio/base_events.py", line 357, in _check_closed
    raise RuntimeError('Event loop is closed')
RuntimeError: Event loop is closed

回答：

谁可以成为多线程解决方案？只有两个线程-每个循环都有自己的线程？

：审查此问题和答案后，它几乎与所有GUI库有关（例如PygObject / Gtk，wxWidgets，Qt等）。

回答：

在对您的代码进行稍作修改后，我event_loop在主线程中创建了asyncio并将其作为参数传递给asyncio线程。现在，在提取网址时，Tkinter不会冻结。

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
import asyncio
import threading
import random
def _asyncio_thread(async_loop):
    async_loop.run_until_complete(do_urls())
def do_tasks(async_loop):
    """ Button-Event-Handler starting the asyncio part. """
    threading.Thread(target=_asyncio_thread, args=(async_loop,)).start()
async def one_url(url):
    """ One task. """
    sec = random.randint(1, 8)
    await asyncio.sleep(sec)
    return 'url: {}\tsec: {}'.format(url, sec)
async def do_urls():
    """ Creating and starting 10 tasks. """
    tasks = [one_url(url) for url in range(10)]
    completed, pending = await asyncio.wait(tasks)
    results = [task.result() for task in completed]
    print('\n'.join(results))
def do_freezed():
    messagebox.showinfo(message='Tkinter is reacting.')
def main(async_loop):
    root = Tk()
    Button(master=root, text='Asyncio Tasks', command= lambda:do_tasks(async_loop)).pack()
    buttonX = Button(master=root, text='Freezed???', command=do_freezed).pack()
    root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    async_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
    main(async_loop)