java中如何像go一样实现结构体嵌套,达到嵌套对象的元素冒泡到外层?

Z时代
2024-02-09
分类：IT

如下是我在go中经常用到的特性, 它可以冒泡结构体元素到上一层:

package main
import "fmt"
import "encoding/json"
type A struct {
    Ax, ay int
}
type B struct {
    A
    Bx, by float32
}
func main() {
    b := B{A{1, 2}, 3.0, 4.0}
    bytes, _ := json.Marshal(b)
    fmt.Println(string(bytes))}

output:

{"Ax":1,"Bx":3}

这个东西有什么用?

遍历持久化数据到A上, 然后在A的基础上附加Bx属性

java我知道有匿名内部类, 但是我想知道如何做到这样的结果?

回答：

Java中的类是不能直接嵌套的，不过可以模拟一下：

public class OuterClass {
    private InnerClass innerClass;
    private float Bx;
    private float by;
    public OuterClass(int Ax, int ay, float Bx, float by) {
        this.innerClass = new InnerClass(Ax, ay);
        this.Bx = Bx;
        this.by = by;
    }
    public int getAx() {
        return innerClass.getAx();
    }
    public float getBx() {
        return Bx;
    }
    private class InnerClass {
        private int Ax;
        private int ay;
        public InnerClass(int Ax, int ay) {
            this.Ax = Ax;
            this.ay = ay;
        }
        public int getAx() {
            return Ax;
        }
    }
}

用继承java里：

class A {
    public int Ax;
    private int ay;
    // getters and setters
}
class B extends A {
    public float Bx;
    private float by;
    // getters and setters
}
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        B b = new B();
        b.Ax = 1;
        b.Bx = 3.0f;
        System.out.println("Ax: " + b.Ax + ", Bx: " + b.Bx);
    }
}