Nginx实现高可用集群构建(Keepalived+Haproxy+Nginx)
1、组件及实现的功能
Keepalived：实现对Haproxy服务的高可用，并采用双主模型配置;
Haproxy：实现对Nginx的负载均衡和读写分离;
Nginx：实现对HTTP请求的高速处理;
2、架构设计图
3、Keepalived部署
在两个节点上都需要执行安装keepalived，命令如下：
$ yum -y install keepalived
修改 172.16.25.109 节点上 keepalived.conf 文件配置，命令如下
$ vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
修改后的内容如下：
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
root@localhost
}
notification_email_from admin@lnmmp.com
smtp_connect_timeout 3
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_maintaince_down {
script "[[ -f /etc/keepalived/down ]] && exit 1 || exit 0"
interval 1
weight 2
}
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
script "killall -0 haproxy"
interval 1
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
interface eth0
state MASTER
priority 100
virtual_router_id 125
garp_master_delay 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1e3459f77aba4ded
}
track_interface {
eth0
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.25.10/16 dev eth0 label eth0:0
}
track_script {
chk_haproxy
}
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master 172.16.25.10"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup 172.16.25.10"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault 172.16.25.10"
}
vrrp_instance VI_2 {
interface eth0
state BACKUP
priority 99
virtual_router_id 126
garp_master_delay 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 7615c4b7f518cede
}
track_interface {
eth0
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.25.11/16 dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
track_script {
chk_haproxy
chk_maintaince_down
}
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master 172.16.25.11"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup 172.16.25.11"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault 172.16.25.11"
}
同理修改 172.16.25.110 节点上 keepalived.conf 配置，内容如下：
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
root@localhost
}
notification_email_from admin@lnmmp.com
smtp_connect_timeout 3
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_maintaince_down {
script "[[ -f /etc/keepalived/down ]] && exit 1 || exit 0"
interval 1
weight 2
}
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
script "killall -0 haproxy"
interval 1
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
interface eth0
state BACKUP
priority 99
virtual_router_id 125
garp_master_delay 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1e3459f77aba4ded
}
track_interface {
eth0
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.25.10/16 dev eth0 label eth0:0
}
track_script {
chk_haproxy
chk_maintaince_down
}
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master 172.16.25.10"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup 172.16.25.10"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault 172.16.25.10"
}
vrrp_instance VI_2 {
interface eth0
state MASTER
priority 100
virtual_router_id 126
garp_master_delay 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 7615c4b7f518cede
}
track_interface {
eth0
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.25.11/16 dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
track_script {
chk_haproxy
}
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master 172.16.25.11"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup 172.16.25.11"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault 172.16.25.11"
}
# vi /etc/keepalived/notify.sh
#!/bin/bash
# Author: Jason.Yu <admin@lnmmp.com>
# description: An example of notify script
#
contact='root@localhost'
notify() {
mailsubject="`hostname` to be $1: $2 floating"
mailbody="`date '+%F %H:%M:%S'`: vrrp transition, `hostname` changed to be $1"
echo $mailbody | mail -s "$mailsubject" $contact
}
case "$1" in
master)
notify master $2
/etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy restart
exit 0
;;
backup)
notify backup $2 # 在节点切换成backup状态时，无需刻意停止haproxy服务，防止chk_maintaince和chk_haproxy多次对haproxy服务操作；
exit 0
;;
fault)
notify fault $2 # 同上
exit 0
;;
*)
echo 'Usage: `basename $0` {master|backup|fault}'
exit 1
;;
esac
在两个节点上执行 keepalived 启动命令，命令如下：
$ service keepalived start
4、Haproxy部署
在两个节点上都需要执行安装 HAProxy，命令如下：
$ yum -y install haproxy
修改 172.16.25.109 和 172.16.25.110 节点上 haproxy.cfg 文件配置（两节点配置文件内容一致），命令如下：
$ vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
配置文件内容如下：
global
log 127.0.0.1 local2
chroot /var/lib/haproxy
pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid
maxconn 4000
user haproxy
group haproxy
daemon # 以后台程序运行；
defaults
mode http # 选择HTTP模式，即可进行7层过滤；
log global
option httplog # 可以得到更加丰富的日志输出；
option dontlognull
option http-server-close # server端可关闭HTTP连接的功能；
option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8 # 传递client端的IP地址给server端，并写入“X-Forward_for”首部中；
option redispatch
retries 3
timeout http-request 10s
timeout queue 1m
timeout connect 10s
timeout client 1m
timeout server 1m
timeout http-keep-alive 10s
timeout check 10s
maxconn 30000
listen stats
mode http
bind 0.0.0.0:1080 # 统计页面绑定1080端口；
stats enable # 开启统计页面功能；
stats hide-version # 隐藏Haproxy版本号；
stats uri /haproxyadmin?stats # 自定义统计页面的访问uri；
stats realm Haproxy\ Statistics # 统计页面密码验证时的提示信息；
stats auth admin:admin # 为统计页面开启登录验证功能；
stats admin if TRUE # 若登录用户验证通过，则赋予管理功能；
frontend http-in
bind *:80
mode http
log global
option httpclose
option logasap
option dontlognull
capture request header Host len 20
capture request header Referer len 60
acl url_static path_beg -i /static /p_w_picpaths /javascript /stylesheets
acl url_static path_end -i .jpg .jpeg .gif .jpg .css .js .html
use_backend static_servers if url_static # 符合ACL规则的，请求转入后端静态服务器
default_backend dynamic_servers # 默认请求转入后端动态服务器
backend static_servers
balance roundrobin
server imgsrv1 192.168.0.25:80 check maxconn 6000 # 静态服务器，可配置多台，还可设置权重weight；
backend dynamic_servers
balance source # 对于动态请求利用source调度算法，可一定程度上实现session保持；但最好利用cookie绑定的方式实现session保持
server websrv1 192.168.0.35:80 check maxconn 1000 # 动态服务器，可配置多台，还可设置权重weight；
两个节点执行启动服务，命令如下：
$ service haproxy start
5、Nginx部署
yum -y groupinstall “Development tools”
yum -y groupinstall “Server Platform Development”
yum install gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel
groupadd -r nginx
useradd -r -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx
tar xf nginx-1.4.7.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.4.7
mkdir -pv /var/tmp/nginx
./configure \
--prefix=/usr \
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \
--with-pcre
make && make install
配置服务脚本
vi /etc/init.d/nginx # 配置服务脚本
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx # 复***务脚本执行权限
vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # 编辑主配置文件
worker_processes 2;
error_log /var/log/nginx/nginx.error.log;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name xxrenzhe.lnmmp.com;
access_log /var/log/nginx/nginx.access.log main;
location / {
root /www/lnmmp.com;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /www/lnmmp.com;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /www/lnmmp.com;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
}
vi /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params # 编辑fastcgi参数文件
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
启动服务
service nginx configtest # 服务启动前先验证配置文件是否正确
service nginx start
ps -ef |grep nginx # 检查nginx进程，尤其是worker进程是否与worker_processes值一致
ss -antupl |grep 80 # 检查服务端口是否启动
6、访问验证
Haproxy 统计页面测试
动静分离测试
高可用测试
到此 Nginx高可用集群构建（Keepalived+Haproxy+Nginx）介绍完成。
到此这篇关于Nginx实现高可用集群构建(Keepalived+Haproxy+Nginx)的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Nginx 高可用集群内容请搜索以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持！
以上是 Nginx实现高可用集群构建(Keepalived+Haproxy+Nginx) 的全部内容， 来源链接： utcz.com/p/253317.html
