CentOS7安装Nginx并配置自动启动的方法步骤

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：IT

1、官网下载安装包

http://nginx.org/en/download.html，选择适合Linux的版本，这里选择最新的版本，下载到本地后上传到服务器或者centos下直接wget命令下载。

切换到/usr/local目录，下载软件包

# cd /usr/local

# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.11.5.tar.gz

2、安装nginx

先执行以下命令，安装nginx依赖库,如果缺少依赖库，可能会安装失败，具体可以参考文章后面的错误提示信息。

# yum install gcc-c++

# yum install pcre

# yum install pcre-devel

# yum install zlib

# yum install zlib-devel

# yum install openssl

# yum install openssl-devel

解压安装包

# tar -zxvf nginx-1.11.5.tar.gz

nginx被解压到了/usr/local/nginx-1.11.5 目录下（不要把压缩包解压到/usr/local/nginx目录下，或者将解压后的目录重命名为nginx，因为nginx会默认安装到/usr/local/nginx目录下），切换到nginx-1.11.5/目录

# cd /usr/local/nginx-1.11.5/

执行# ./configure

# ./configure

该操作会检测当前系统环境，以确保能成功安装nginx，执行该操作后可能会出现以下几种提示：

checking for OS

+ Linux 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 x86_64

checking for C compiler ... not found

./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found

如果出现以上错误提示信息，执行yum install gcc-c++安装gcc，

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.

You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module

option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library

statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.

如果出现上面提示，表示缺少PCRE库

./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.

You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module

option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library

statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.

如果出现以上提示，表示缺少zlib库

如果没有出现./configure: error提示，表示当前环境可以安装nginx，执行make和make install编译nginx

# make

# make install

没有出错的话，表示nginx已经成功安装完成，默认安装位置为/usr/local/nginx,之前的/usr/local/nginx-1.11.5/可以删除掉了。

如果出现cp: 'conf/koi-win' and '/usr/local/nginx/conf/koi-win' are the same file，可能是你把安装包解压到了/usr/local/nginx目录，解决办法是将该目录重命名为其他名称后再执行make,make install.

3、配置nginx开机启动

切换到/lib/systemd/system/目录，创建nginx.service文件vim nginx.service

# cd /lib/systemd/system/

# vim nginx.service

文件内容如下：


[Unit]
Description=nginx 
After=network.target 
[Service] 
Type=forking 
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx quit
PrivateTmp=true 
[Install] 
WantedBy=multi-user.target

退出并保存文件，执行systemctl enable nginx.service使nginx开机启动

# systemctl enable nginx.service

systemctl start nginx.service 启动nginx

systemctl stop nginx.service 结束nginx

systemctl restart nginx.service 重启nginx

4、验证是否安装成功

输入http://服务器IP/ 如果能看到nginx的界面，就表示安装成功了