Java WebService开源框架CXF详解

CXF简介

CXF是一个开源的WebService框架。Apache CXF = Celtix + XFire,开始叫 Apache CeltiXfire,后来更名为 Apache CXF 了,以下简称为 CXF。CXF 继承了 Celtix 和 XFire 两大开源项目的精华,提供了对 JAX-WS 全面的支持,并且提供了多种 Binding 、DataBinding、Transport 以及各种 Format 的支持,并且可以根据实际项目的需要,采用代码优先(Code First)或者 WSDL 优先(WSDL First)来轻松地实现 Web Services 的发布和使用。

支持多种标准

  • 支持 JAX-WS、 JAX-WSA、JSR-181 和 SAAJ;
  • 支持 SOAP 1.1、1.2、WS-I BasicProfile、WS-Security、WS-Addressing、WS-RM 和 WS-Policy;
  • 支持 WSDL 1.1 、2.0;
  • 支持 MTOM;

它支持多种协议,比如:SOAP1.1,1,2、XML/HTTP、RESTful HTTP 或者 CORBA。CORBA(Common Object Request Broker Architecture公共对象请求代理体系结构,早期语言使用的WS。C,c++,C#)

Cxf是基于SOA总线结构,依靠spring完成模块的集成,实现SOA方式。

灵活的部署:可以运行有Tomcat,Jboss,Jetty(内置),weblogic上面。

CXF入门案例

我们还以昨天的天气服务为案例来看一下CXF的开发过程。

服务端的实现

1.创建一个空的java项目,创建一个lib目录,将所有jar包放入lib目录

然后为工程引入jar包,选择build path,然后Add JARS,只用选择cxf-manifest.jar即可。

2.创建一个SEI接口,需要在接口上添加@WebService注解

@WebService

public interface WeatherInterface {

public String queryWeather(String cityName);

}

3.创建SEI接口实现类

public class WeatherInterfaceImpl implements WeatherInterface {

public String queryWeather(String cityName) {

if("河南".equals(cityName)) {

return "热爆炸";

}else {

return "冰雹";

}

}

}

4.发布服务

public class WeatherServer {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//创建服务工厂Bean

JaxWsServerFactoryBean jaxWsServerFactoryBean=new JaxWsServerFactoryBean();

//设置服务接口

jaxWsServerFactoryBean.setServiceClass(WeatherInterface.class);

//设置服务实现类

jaxWsServerFactoryBean.setServiceBean(new WeatherInterfaceImpl());

//设置服务地址

jaxWsServerFactoryBean.setAddress("http://127.0.0.1:12345/weather");

//创建服务

jaxWsServerFactoryBean.create();

}

}

5.访问服务的wsdl文件地址,看服务是否发布成功

http://127.0.0.1:12345/weather?wsdl

发布SOAP1.2的服务端

SOAP分为1.1版本和1.2版本。JDK1.6并不支持1.2,我们可以通过CXF来发布SOAP1.2的服务端。

只需要在接口上添加注解 @BindingType(SOAPBinding.SOAP12HTTP_BINDING)。然后重新发布服务即可

import javax.jws.WebService;

import javax.xml.ws.BindingType;

import javax.xml.ws.soap.SOAPBinding;

@WebService

@BindingType(SOAPBinding.SOAP12HTTP_BINDING)

public interface WeatherInterface {

public String queryWeather(String cityName);

}

客户端的实现

Wsdl2java命令是CXF提供的生成客户端的工具,他和wsimport类似,可以根据WSDL生成客户端代码

Wsdl2java常用参数:

-d,指定输出目录

-p,指定包名,如果不指定该参数,默认包名是WSDL的命名空间的倒序

Wsdl2java支持SOAP1.1和SOAP1.2

1.我们先创建一个客户端项目,然后引入jar包,和上面一样,使用Add JARS选择cxf-manifest.jar即可

然后使用工具生成客户端

wsdl2java -p com.cad.cxf -d . http://127.0.0.1:12345/weather?wsdl

2.创建客户端

public class WeatherClient {

public static void main(String[] args) {

JaxWsProxyFactoryBean jaxWsProxyFactoryBean=new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();

//设置服务接口

jaxWsProxyFactoryBean.setServiceClass(WeatherInterface.class);

//设置服务地址

jaxWsProxyFactoryBean.setAddress("http://127.0.0.1:12345/weather");

//获取服务接口实例

WeatherInterface weatherInterface=(WeatherInterface) jaxWsProxyFactoryBean.create();

//调用方法

String message=weatherInterface.queryWeather("河南");

System.out.println(message);

}

}

CXF+Spring整合发布SOAP模式的服务

服务端的实现

1.创建WEB项目,导入jar包

2.创建SEI接口

@WebService

@BindingType(SOAPBinding.SOAP12HTTP_BINDING)

public interface WeatherInterface {

public String queryWeather(String cityName);

}

3.创建SEI实现类

public class WeatherInterfaceImpl implements WeatherInterface {

public String queryWeather(String cityName) {

if("河南".equals(cityName)) {

return "热爆炸";

}else {

return "冰雹";

}

}

}

4.配置spring配置文件,applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"

xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs" xmlns:cxf="http://cxf.apache.org/core"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd

http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd

http://cxf.apache.org/core http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/core.xsd">

<!--jaxws:server发布SOAP协议的服务 ,对JaxWsServerFactoryBean类封装-->

<!--serviceClass属性是服务接口,address代表地址,因为我们是web服务,不需要输入ip。serviceBean是服务实现类-->

<jaxws:server serviceClass="com.cad.cxf.WeatherInterface" address="/weather">

<jaxws:serviceBean>

<ref bean="weatherInterfaceImpl"/>

</jaxws:serviceBean>

</jaxws:server>

<bean name="weatherInterfaceImpl" class="com.cad.cxf.WeatherInterfaceImpl"></bean>

</beans>

5.配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

<display-name>CXFSpringDemo</display-name>

//配置Tomcat启动时加载Spring配置文件

<context-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>

</context-param>

<listener>

<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

</listener>

//配置CXF提供的Servlet

<servlet>

<servlet-name>CXF</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>CXF</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/ws/*</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

6.部署到Tomcat下,发布服务,并访问

http://localhost:8080/CXFSpringDemo/ws/weather?wsdl

客户端的实现

1.创建项目,导入jar包,生成客户端

wsdl2java -p com.cad.cxf -d . http://localhost:8080/CXFSpringDemo/ws/weather?wsdl

2.配置Spring文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"

xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs" xmlns:cxf="http://cxf.apache.org/core"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd

http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd

http://cxf.apache.org/core http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/core.xsd">

<!-- <jaxws:client实现客户端 ,对JaxWsProxyFactoryBean类封装-->

<!-- address是服务地址,servicelass是服务接口,返回服务实现类-->

<jaxws:client id="weatherClient" address="http://localhost:8080/CXFSpringDemo/ws/weather" serviceClass="com.cad.cxf.WeatherInterface"/>

</beans>

3.通过Spring容器获取服务实现类,调用方法

public class WeatherClient {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext.xml");

WeatherInterface weatherInterface = (WeatherInterface) context.getBean("weatherClient");

String message=weatherInterface.queryWeather("河南");

System.out.println(message);

}

}

CXF发布REST模式的服务

REST即表述性状态传递(英文:Representational State Transfer,简称REST),是一种软件架构风格。

因为REST模式的Web服务与复杂的SOAP和XML-RPC对比来讲明显的更加简洁,越来越多的web服务开始采用REST风格设计和实现rest服务采用HTTP 做传输协议,REST 对于HTTP 的利用实现精确的资源定位。

例如:

非rest方式:http://ip:port/queryUser.action?userType=student&id=001

Rest方式:http://ip:port/user/student/query/001

1.创建一个项目,导入CXF jar包

2.创建一个实体类 Student

@XmlRootElement(name="student")可以实现XML和对象之间的转换,name属性指定根元素

@XmlRootElement(name="student")

public class Student {

private int id;

private String name;

private Date birthday;

public int getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(int id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public Date getBirthday() {

return birthday;

}

public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {

this.birthday = birthday;

}

}

3.创建SEI接口

@WebService

//@Path("/student")就是指定访问该接口的路径

@Path("/Student")

public interface StudentInterface {

//指定请求方式,如果服务端发布的时候指定的是GET(POST),那么客户端访问时必须使用GET(POST

@GET

//指定服务数据类型,可以是XML,json等数据类型

@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)

//@Path("/query/{id}")指定该方法的路径,“{id}”指参数,多个参数,以“/”隔开,放到“{}”中

@Path("/query/{id}")

public Student queryStudent(@PathParam("id")int id);

@GET

@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)

@Path("/queryList/{name}")

public List<Student> queryList(@PathParam("name")String name);

}

4.创建SEI实现类

public class StudentInterfaceImpl implements StudentInterface {

@Override

public Student queryStudent(int id) {

Student s=new Student();

s.setId(666);

s.setName("张三");

s.setBirthday(new Date());

return s;

}

@Override

public List<Student> queryList(String name) {

Student s=new Student();

s.setId(666);

s.setName("张三");

s.setBirthday(new Date());

Student s2=new Student();

s2.setId(888);

s2.setName("李四");

s2.setBirthday(new Date());

List<Student> l=new ArrayList<Student>();

l.add(s);

l.add(s2);

return l;

}

}

5.发布服务

public class StudentServer {

public static void main(String[] args) {

JAXRSServerFactoryBean jaxrsServerFactoryBean=new JAXRSServerFactoryBean();

//设置服务实现类

jaxrsServerFactoryBean.setServiceBean(new StudentInterfaceImpl());

//设置资源类,如果有多个资源类,可以以“,”隔开,例如Student.class StudentInterface.class都是资源类,但是StudentInterfaceImpl里面已经包含了Student.class StudentInterface.class,所以不用重复指定

jaxrsServerFactoryBean.setResourceClasses(StudentInterfaceImpl.class);

//设置服务地址

jaxrsServerFactoryBean.setAddress("http://127.0.0.1:12345/Class");

//发布服务

jaxrsServerFactoryBean.create();

}

}

6.测试服务

访问query方法

http://127.0.0.1:12345/Class/Student/query/001

访问queryList方法

http://127.0.0.1:12345/Class/Student/queryList/xxx

如果服务端发布时指定请求方式是GET(POST),客户端必须使用GET(POST)访问服务端,否则会报异常。

如果在同一方法上同时指定XML和JSON媒体类型,在GET请求下,默认返回XML,在POST请求下,默认返回JSON

CXF+Spring整合发布REST模式的服务

1.创建web项目,引入jar包

2.创建一个实体类 Student

@XmlRootElement(name="student")可以实现XML和对象之间的转换,name属性指定根元素

@XmlRootElement(name="student")

public class Student {

private int id;

private String name;

private Date birthday;

public int getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(int id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public Date getBirthday() {

return birthday;

}

public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {

this.birthday = birthday;

}

}

3.创建SEI接口

@WebService

//@Path("/student")就是指定访问该接口的路径

@Path("/Student")

public interface StudentInterface {

//指定请求方式,如果服务端发布的时候指定的是GET(POST),那么客户端访问时必须使用GET(POST

@GET

//指定服务数据类型,可以是XML,json等数据类型

@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)

//@Path("/query/{id}")指定该方法的路径,“{id}”指参数,多个参数,以“/”隔开,放到“{}”中

@Path("/query/{id}")

public Student queryStudent(@PathParam("id")int id);

@GET

@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)

@Path("/queryList/{name}")

public List<Student> queryList(@PathParam("name")String name);

}

4.创建SEI实现类

public class StudentInterfaceImpl implements StudentInterface {

@Override

public Student queryStudent(int id) {

Student s=new Student();

s.setId(666);

s.setName("张三");

s.setBirthday(new Date());

return s;

}

@Override

public List<Student> queryList(String name) {

Student s=new Student();

s.setId(666);

s.setName("张三");

s.setBirthday(new Date());

Student s2=new Student();

s2.setId(888);

s2.setName("李四");

s2.setBirthday(new Date());

List<Student> l=new ArrayList<Student>();

l.add(s);

l.add(s2);

return l;

}

}

第五步:配置Spring配置文件,applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"

xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs" xmlns:cxf="http://cxf.apache.org/core"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd

http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd

http://cxf.apache.org/core http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/core.xsd">

<!-- <jaxrs:server发布REST的服务 ,对JAXRSServerFactoryBean类封装-->

<jaxrs:server address="/user">

<jaxrs:serviceBeans>

<ref bean="studentInterface"/>

</jaxrs:serviceBeans>

</jaxrs:server>

<!-- 配置服务实现类 -->

<bean name="studentInterface" class="com.cad.rest.StudentInterfaceImpl"/>

</beans>

6.配置web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

<display-name>ws_2_cxf_spring_server</display-name>

<!-- 设置spring的环境 -->

<context-param>

<!--contextConfigLocation是不能修改的 -->

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>

</context-param>

<listener>

<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

</listener>

<!-- 配置CXF的Servlet -->

<servlet>

<servlet-name>CXF</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>CXF</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/ws/*</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

7.部署到Tomcat中,发布服务,测试一下

http://127.0.0.1:8080/CXFRestDemo/ws/user/Student/query/100

综合案例:手机归属地查询

1.创建web项目,导入 CXF jar包

2.生成公网提供的手机归属地查询的客户端

wsdl2java -p com.cad.mobile -d . http://ws.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx?wsdl

3.编写我们自己的SEI接口

@WebService

public interface MobileInterface {

public String queryMobile(String phoneNum);

}

4.编写我们的SEI实现类 ,里面调用公网客户端的查询方法,我们在Spring配置客户端,然后注入即可

public class MobileInterfaceImpl implements MobileInterface {

//公网客户端,提供set方法 以便注入

private MobileCodeWSSoap mobileClient;

//调用公网的查询方法

public String queryMobile(String phoneNum) {

return mobileClient.getMobileCodeInfo(phoneNum, "");

}

public MobileCodeWSSoap getMobileClient() {

return mobileClient;

}

public void setMobileClient(MobileCodeWSSoap mobileClient) {

this.mobileClient = mobileClient;

}

}

5.配置Spring 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"

xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs" xmlns:cxf="http://cxf.apache.org/core"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd

http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd

http://cxf.apache.org/core http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/core.xsd">

<!-- 配置公网客户端 -->

<jaxws:client id="mobileClient" address="http://ws.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx"

serviceClass="com.cad.mobile.MobileCodeWSSoap"/>

<!-- <jaxws:server发布我们的服务-->

<jaxws:server address="/mobile" serviceClass="com.cad.server.MobileInterface">

<jaxws:serviceBean>

<ref bean="mobileServer"/>

</jaxws:serviceBean>

</jaxws:server>

<!-- 配置我们的服务实现类 -->

<bean name="mobileServer" class="com.cad.server.MobileInterfaceImpl">

<property name="mobileClient" ref="mobileClient"/>

</bean>

</beans>

6.创建查询页面

<body>

<form action="MobileServlet" method="post">

手机号归属地查询:<input type="text" name="phoneNum"><input type="submit" value="查询"><br>

查询结果:${result}

</form>

</body>

7.创建处理的Servlet

@WebServlet("/MobileServlet")

public class MobileServlet extends HttpServlet {

private MobileInterface mobileServer;

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

//获取页面的电话号

String phoneNum = request.getParameter("phoneNum");

if(null != phoneNum && !"".equals(phoneNum)){

//获取Spring容器

ApplicationContext context = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(this.getServletContext());

//获取我们的服务实现类

mobileServer = (MobileInterface) context.getBean("mobileServer");

//调用查询方法

String result = mobileServer.queryMobile(phoneNum);

request.setAttribute("result", result);

}

//请求转发

request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(request, response);

}

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

doGet(request, response);

}

}

8.配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">

<display-name>MobileDemo</display-name>

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>

<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

<context-param>

<!--contextConfigLocation是不能修改的 -->

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>

</context-param>

<listener>

<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

</listener>

<!-- 配置CXF的Servlet -->

<servlet>

<servlet-name>CXF</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>CXF</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/ws/*</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

9.部署Tomcat,访问测试

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