SpringMVC 异常处理机制与自定义异常处理方式

目录

• SpringMVC默认处理的几种异常
• @ResponseStatus
• 异常处理的顺序
• 自定义异常类(SpringMVC的异常处理)

• ①：自定义异常类
• ②：自定义异常处理器
• ③：配置我们的异常处理器

/**
 *使用@ResponseStatus只能实现简单的提示
 *当程序中抛出HttpStateCode404Exception会使用提示语：页面未找到
 */
@ResponseStatus(code=HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND,reason="页面未找到")
public class HttpStateCode404Exception extends RuntimeException{
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
}

@Controller
@RequestMapping("handleException")
public class HandleExceptionController {
    /*@ExceptionHandler({Throwable.class})
    public String handleThisController(){
        return "/handleException/404";
    }*/
    @RequestMapping("{url}")
    public void handle404(){
        throw new HttpStateCode404Exception();
    }
}

/**
 * 定义一个处理所有Controllers的ExceptionHandler
 */
@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionAdvice {
    @ExceptionHandler({HttpStateCode404Exception.class})
    public String handleThisController(){
        return "/handleException/404";
    }
    /*处理其他异常...*/
}

public class CustomerException extends Exception {
    //定义我们的异常信息
    private String exceptMsg;
    public CustomerException(String exceptMsg){
        this.exceptMsg = exceptMsg;
    }
    public String getExceptMsg() {
        return exceptMsg;
    }
    public void setExceptMsg(String exceptMsg) {
        this.exceptMsg = exceptMsg;
    }
}

import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import javax.jws.WebParam.Mode;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.omg.CORBA.PRIVATE_MEMBER;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
public class CustomerExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
    @Override
    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,Exception ex) {
        //通过我们自定义异常处理器，继承自HandlerExceptionResolver  来实现我们的异常处理
        //自定义我们的异常信息
        String  msg = "";
        //通过ModelAndView 来实现跳转到我们的错误页面，并且将错误信息带回到页面进行显示
        ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView();
        view.setViewName("error");
        //取出我们自定义的异常信息
        if(ex instanceof CustomerException){
            CustomerException exception = (CustomerException) ex;
            msg = exception.getExceptMsg();
        }else{
            //获取我们的stringWriter来获取我们的异常信息
            StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
            PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);
            //通过ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);来向我们的printWriter当中输入异常信息
            ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);
            msg = writer.toString();
        }
        //获取到异常信息之后，通过短信，邮件等技术，通知相关人员
        view.addObject("msg", msg);
        return view;
    }
}

<!-- 申明我们的异常解析处理类-->
<bean id="customerExceptionResolver" class="cn.itcast.springmvc.exception.CustomerExceptionResolver"></bean>